In Uganda, hypertension is a rapidly increasing non-communicable disease with high morbidity and mortality, leading to complications such as renal failure, heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarctions. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among hypertensive patients at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 323 participants using convenience sampling, the study utilized structured questionnaires and data was analyzed using STATA. Results indicated that factors independently associated with LVH included alcohol consumption (aOR 0.26, 95%CI 0.10-0.70, P=0.007), lack of physical exercise (aOR 0.47, 95%CI 0.23-0.94, P=0.033), Low medication adherence (aOR 0.31, 95%CI 0.13-0.71, P=0.006)., female participants who had waist-hip-ratio >0.80 (aOR 3.70, 95%CI 1.18-11.64, P=0.025), diastolic blood pressure of 100 - 109 mmHg (aOR 4.58, 95%CI 1.65-12.74, P=0.004) and diastolic blood pressure of ≤89 mmHg (aOR 3.03, 95%CI 1.03-8.89, P=0.044). The study highlights the need for better management of hypertension and lifestyle modifications to reduce LVH prevalence.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze * epidemiologie   MeSH
• hypertrofie levé komory srdeční * epidemiologie   MeSH
• konziliární vyšetření a konzultace MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční arytmie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Uganda MeSH

Souhrn: Propojení těla a mysli a jejich vzájemná konjunkce jsou stále aktuálnějším, mnohooborovým tématem. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zjistit, do jaké míry působí naše myšlenky v profesionálním tanečním prostředí na průběh mozkových frekvencí a jakým způsobem se propisují do našeho organizmu a pohybu. Metody: V rámci studie proběhlo měření mozkové činnosti nositelným EEG zařízením Muse a vizuální analýza pohybu z tanečního prostředí, prvku plié (flexe a extenze kolenních kloubů). Sledovanými a měřenými jedinci bylo 16 studentů Katedry tance, Hudební a taneční fakulty Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Sledovali jsme mozkové frekvence v mnoha fázích (situacích): bez konkrétní myšlenky (soustředění se) a bez pohybu, při konkrétní myšlence bez pohybu, pohyb bez konkrétní myšlenky, pohyb s konkrétní myšlenkou a na závěr opět myšlenku bez pohybu, která byla mimo obor a rámec výzkumu. Výsledky: U 14 účastníků experimentu jsme získali dostatečně kvalitní EEG signál k další analýze. U 12 účastníků byla prokázána změna v mozkových frekvencích odlišujících aktivity s nižší a vyšší vědomou koncentrací. Závěr: Výstup popisuje zjištění ohledně propojení myšlenek, těla a pohybu na základě měřitelných dat. EEG zařízení Muse je použitelné pro získávání EEG signálu dostatečné kvality v experimentech vyžadujících pohyb odehrávající se v reálných podmínkách. V získaném EEG signálu je možné detekovat změny v mozkové aktivitě účastníků při stavech uvolněné bdělosti a vědomé koncentrace. Vizuální analýza pohybu reflektuje, že syntéza specifické myšlenky a pohybu přispívá k eliminaci špatných pohybových návyků, které ruší nejen technickou čistotu provedení pohybového prvku, ale také optimální držení těla, koordinaci pohybu a jednotlivých anatomických struktur.

Summary: The connection of body and mind and their mutual conjunction is an increasingly topical topic in many fields. Objective: The aim of the work was to find out to what extent our thoughts in a professional dance environment affect the course of brain frequencies and how they are prescribed in our organism and movement. Methods: As part of the study, brain activity was measured with the Muse wearable EEG device and visual analysis of movement from the dance environment, the plié element (flexion and extension of the knee joints). The monitored and measured individuals were 16 students of the Dance Department of Music and Dance Faculty of the Music Academy of Performing Arts in Prague. We monitored brain frequencies in many phases (situations): without a specific thought (concentration) and without movement, with a specific thought without movement, movement without a specific thought, movement with a specific thought, and finally again a thought without movement, which was out of scope and research framework. Results: For 14 participants in the experiment, we obtained an EEG signal of sufficient quality so that it could be further analyzed. A change in brain frequencies distinguishing activities with lower and higher conscious concentration was demonstrated in 12 participants. Conclusion: The output describes the findings regarding the connection of thoughts, body, and movement based on measurable data. The Muse EEG device is useful for obtaining an EEG signal of sufficient quality in experiments requiring movement and taking place in real conditions. In the obtained EEG signal, it is possible to detect changes in the participant‘s brain activity during states of relaxed alertness and conscious concentration. Visual analysis of movement reflects that the synthesis of a specific thought and movement contributes to eliminating bad habits, which destroy not only the technical purity of the performance of the movement element but also optimal posture, coordination of movement, and individual anatomical structures.

• MeSH
• elektroencefalografie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapování mozku * MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• pozornost MeSH
• tanec MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Symmetry is one of the criteria of correct body posture in upright position. The spatial positioning of the pelvic girdle is crucial to it. Functional and structural asymmetries within the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex can have a significant influence on the structure and functions of many human body organs and systems. The aim of the study was to present the results of inclinometer measurements of selected landmarks of the pelvic girdle in young adults aged 19-29. METHODS: The analysis of occurrence of spatial pelvic asymmetry was based on the authors' original, clinical classification and the significance of the body mass and height for the analyzed asymmetries. The inclinometer measurements of the selected landmarks of the pelvic girdle were performed in a sample consisting of 300 young individuals. Then, the occurrences of the spatial asymmetry of the pelvis were analyzed based on the authors' own clinical classification using alignment symmetry of the iliac crests, the anterior superior iliac spines and the trochanters major as a criterion. All study subjects with asymmetry <1 degree were treated as those with a symmetrical pelvis. RESULTS: The significance of gender, body mass and height for the analyzed asymmetries was assessed. Symmetric positioning of the iliac crests was observed in only 32% of the respondents. The iliac crest depression on the left side was more frequently observed - in 41% of the respondents. This occurred more often in women (44%) than in men (38%). In the group of women, the rotated pelvis was the most often observed (39.4%) asymmetry, while for men, it was the oblique pelvis (40%). More detailed analysis by pelvic asymmetry subtypes showed their statistical differentiation between women and men (p < 0.0001). Analysis of moderate rotation of the pelvis for men, were reported slightly higher values but these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.253). Women, in turn, showed slightly higher mean values but here too, the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.245). DISCUSSION: Asymmetries in the pelvis area are common; they were observed in less than three-quarters of the examined population. Oblique pelvis was found in less than a quarter of women and in more than one-third men with the predominant structural asymmetries. Rotated pelvis was observed in more than one-third of women and men with dominating functional asymmetries. There were no linear correlations between the body mass and height, and the angle of asymmetries.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Radiographs are preferred for understanding the deformity and containment in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), as well as for treatment planning, but plain radiographs provide only static information and are inadequate for dynamic assessment of the joint. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to be superior to other diagnostic modalities. The aim of this study was to determine the importance of hip MRI in LCPD treatment decision-making processes between pediatric orthopedic surgeons and orthopedic surgery residents. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight orthopedic surgery residents and eight pediatric orthopedic surgeons were invited to retrospectively evaluate hip radiography images and MRI sections of 34 patients with LCPD. The treatment choices were divided into two groups as conservative and surgical. Gwet's AC1 analysis was used to establish the relative level of intra-observer agreements. The correlation between the professional experience and the agreement parameters was also evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. ANOVA was used to compare multiple groups. p ≤ 0.05 was statistically significant. RESULTS For both groups most preferred treatment method was conservative approaches based on plain radiography and MRI. The resident group showed a significant shift from conservative treatment to surgical treatment choices after MRI evaluation. The difference between the frequencies of each treatment choice for pediatric orthopedic surgeons was not statistically significant among different imaging modalities, but a comparison of the changes in surgical treatment revealed a significant difference between the imaging modalities, with a trend towards more complicated treatment choices. DISCUSSION Conservative methods were the most preferred treatment choice in the study, as it is common. It was observed that treatment choices changed when patients were evaluated together with MRI. Compared to plain radiographs, MRI provides sufficient and particular information for evaluating the structures of the hip joint components. CONCLUSIONS We found that consideration of MRI data in LCPD patients changed treatment recommendations substantially towards more complicated surgical procedures. We consider this to be an 'MRI effect' where using a more complex imaging modality leads surgeons to more complicated treatment modalities in LCPD. Key words: imagnetic resonance imaging, reliability, MRI effect, Perthes disease, children.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• Perthesova nemoc * komplikace   diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic scoliosis does not only cause structural changes in the spine, but also functional changes of the musculoskeletal system. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does idiopathic scoliosis lead to asymmetric hip loading in severe Lenke type 1 deformity? METHODS: 23 patients (18 girls, 5 boys) aged 15 ± 2.8 years with an adolescent idiopathic main thoracic curve (Cobb angle 48.8°+/- 9.2°) were included. Measured X-ray parameters were: Cobb angle of primary thoracic and secondary lumbar curve, translation of the C7- plumb line, apical thoracic vertebra and apical lumbar vertebra from the central sacral vertical line. Subjects were examined by means of kinematic and kinetic gait analysis. The symmetry index (SI) was calculated as a ratio of hip frontal moments during a single stance for both sides when the symmetrical load was considered SI = 0 + /- 29.36 (0 +/- 1 SD of the mean SI of the healthy population). The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to show the relation between hip loading and radiologic measures of spinal deformity. RESULTS: Only 34.8% of subjects with Lenke type 1 deformity showed symmetrical hip loading. Significant negative correlation was proved between SI and apical thoracic vertebra translation (R = - 0541; p < 0,05) as well as between SI and coronal imbalance (R = -0,5197; p < 0,05). There was no correlation between SI and the magnitude of the primary thoracic curve (R = -0.19; p = 0.385). Coronal imbalance correlates positively with translation of apical thoracic vertebra (R = 0,7255; p < 0,05). SIGNIFICANCE: Two-thirds of subjects with Lenke type 1 deformity showed asymmetrical hip loading. This asymmetry is related to the translation of the apical thoracic vertebra and coronal imbalance and is not related to the magnitude of the main thoracic curve. On the contrary, the secondary lumbar curve plays role in the compensatory mechanism of the trunk.

• MeSH
• bederní obratle diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• fúze páteře * MeSH
• hrudní obratle MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• skolióza * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• náhlé příhody MeSH
• péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
• rány a poranění MeSH
• terapie náhlých příhod MeSH
• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• urgentní lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Vertically unstable transforaminal sacral fractures can be stabilized with several types of transiliac internal fixators (TIFI): the classical one (TIFI-C), the supraacetabular one (TIFI-A) and by dual application of TIFI (DTIFI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Pelvic models made of solid foam (Sawbones 1301) were used in the study. Mechanical loading tests were performed in order to assess the stiffness of the studied pelvic structures. The stiffness of the intact model was approximated as the slope of load/displacement curve. Then vertically unstable right-sided linear transforaminal fracture was created and subsequently fixed by TIFI-C, TIFI-A and DTIFI (each fixator for a separate model). The fixation techniques were compared based on the ratio between the stiffness of the treated and of the intact pelvis. Motion of the posterior pelvic structures and their deformations were measured using a photogrammetric system with four synchronous cameras. Loads applied at the base of sacrum and sacral base displacements were recorded by the testing device and used to assess the stiffness of the model structure. A dedicated load cell and a monoaxial extensometer were utilised. Every measurement was repeated at least 10 times. Obtained data were analysed by one way ANOVA test with post hoc comparison by Tukey HSD test. RESULTS Mean stiffness ratio (±1SD) of pelvic structure was 0.638 ± 0.005 for TIFI-C, 0.722 ± 0.014 for TIFI-A and 0.720 ± 0.008 for DTIFI. Dual transiliac internal fixation and supraacetabular fixation were superior to the classical one (p < 0.0001), but DTIFI and TIFI-A stiffness ratios were statistically equivalent (p = 0.9112). CONCLUSIONS Results of the mechanical analysis using pelvic models indicate that for linear vertical transforaminal sacral fracture without comminuted zone, an application of either TIFI-A or DTIFI provides significantly higher stiffness of the lateral pelvic segment than application of TIFI-C. Key words: transforaminal sacral fracture, transiliac internal fixator, dual TIFI, stability, biomechanics, digital image correlation.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• fraktury kostí * MeSH
• interní fixátory MeSH
• kostní šrouby MeSH
• křížová kost chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mechanické testy MeSH
• pánev MeSH
• pánevní kosti * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• vnitřní fixace fraktury MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The 3D imaging technologies have become of paramount importance for example in disciplines such as forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology, where they are being used more and more frequently. There are several new possibilities that they offer; for instance, the easier and faster sharing of data among institutions, the possibility of permanent documentation, or new opportunities of data analysis. An important requirement, however, is whether the data obtained from different scanning devices are comparable and whether the possible varying outputs could affect further analyses, such as the estimation of the biological profile. Therefore, we aimed to investigate two important questions: (1) whether 3D models acquired by two different scanning technologies (structured light and laser) are comparable and (2) whether the scanning equipment has an effect on the anthropological analyses, such as age-at-death estimation and sex assessment. 3D models of ossa coxa (n = 29) were acquired by laser (NextEngine) and structured light (HP 3D Structured Light Scanner PRO 2) scanners. The resulting 3D models from both scanners were subjected to age-at-death analyses (via the quantitative method of Stoyanova et al., 2017) and sex analyses (via Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste 2 of Brůžek et al., 2017). Furthermore, high quality scans of a small sample (n = 5) of pubic symphyseal surfaces with the RedLux Profiler device were acquired as reference surfaces to which the outputs from both scanners were compared. Small deviations between surfaces were more evident in more rugged surfaces (in areas of depression and protrusion). Even though small differences from the reference surfaces were found, they did not have a significant effect on the age and sex estimates. It never resulted in the opposite sex assignment, and no significant differences were observed between age estimates (with the exception of those with the TPS/BE model).

• MeSH
• lasery * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
• pánevní kosti diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• počítačová simulace * MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• soudní antropologie MeSH
• určení kostního věku * MeSH
• určení pohlaví podle kostry * MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY For an orthopedic surgeon it is difficult or even impossible to estimate the real quality of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) liners that are used in the total joint replacements (TJR) just on the basis of information given by the manufacturers. At the same time, the quality of the UHMWPE liner can impact strongly on the total lifespan of the implanted TJR. This work aims at independent, objective comparison of properties of the UHMWPE liners for total hip replacements (THR), which are most frequently used in the Czech Republic. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed seventeen most frequently implanted UHMWPE cups of different manufacturers implanted in the Czech Republic between 2014 and 2015 and four control samples prepared by standard industrial-scale procedures according to our instructions, whose modification (crosslinking, thermal treatment, stabilization and sterilization) was known in detail. The UHMWPE polymer was characterized by four independent microscale methods, suitable for relatively small and irregular specimens such as THR cups: infrared microspectroscopy (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). RESULTS The employed methods yielded quite complete information about the investigated UHMWPE materials. IR spectra enabled us to calculate oxidation indexes (OI, measure of oxidative damage), trans-vinylene indexes (VI, measure of absorbed radiation dose during crosslinking and/or sterilization) and crystallinity indexes (CI, amount of crystalline phase that strongly influences mechanical performance). DSC curves were employed in calculation of crystallinities (wc, proportional to CI) and melting points (Tm, proportional to the average thickness of crystalline lamellae). MH measurements confirmed that the observed structure changes showed a real impact on mechanical properties. TGA experiments gave rough estimate of stabilization and, consequently, possible long-term oxidation resistance. Significant correlations among oxidative damage (OI), crystallinity (CI, wc) and microhardness (Hv) were statistically proven. The highest oxidative degradation was usually observed in samples thermally treated by annealing and/or sterilized by gamma irradiation. DISCUSSION The results confirmed our expectations that the UHMWPE liners from various manufacturers can be significantly different as far as their molecular structure, supermolecular structure, and mechanical properties are concerned. The differences among the various UHMWPE can be expected to increase after the implantation during in vivo. CONCLUSIONS From the clinical practice point of view, the results showed the following facts: (i) In the field of THR, all manufactures prefer crosslinked types of UHMWPE due to their increased wear resistance; non-crosslinked UHMWPEs are regarded as obsolete. (ii) Most of the manufacturers prefer ethylene oxide or gas plasma sterilization to gamma sterilization because the gammasterilized UHMWPEs exhibit lower long-term oxidation resistance. (iii) Modern trend is the stabilization of UHMWPEs with vitamin E. Key words: UHMWPE, hip replacements, oxidative degradation, infrared spectroscopy, microhardness.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhrada kyčelního kloubu * MeSH
• polyethyleny * MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Východiska: Organizovaná pohybová aktivita (PA) může významně ovlivnit míru denní PA i sedavého chování (SB) v rámci ročních období u adolescentních dívek. Cíle: Hlavním cílem studie je porovnat míru PA a SB u dívek ve věku 11-15 let v rámci dní s tréninkovou jednotkou (TJ) a bez TJ v kontextu sezónnosti. Metodika: Studie se zúčastnilo 27 dívek navštěvujících taneční skupinu street dance. PA a SB byly měřeny akcelerometrem ActiGraph GT3X+. Měření probíhalo během školního roku 2017/2018, konkrétně pak na podzim (listopad), v zimě (březen) a na jaře (květen). Meteorologické údaje byly získány z meteorologické stanice Českého hydrometeorologického ústavu na letišti v Mošnově. Statistické zpracování dat proběhlo v programu SPSS 22 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Pro popis PA a SB byl použit aritmetický průměr, směrodatná odchylka a interval spolehlivosti. Pro zjištění rozdílů mezi naměřenými hodnotami PA a SB byla použita analýza variace opakovaného měření. Statistická významnost pro tento výzkum byla stanovena na hladině p = 0,05. Výsledky: Analýza rozdílů ve struktuře pohybového chování v rámci dní s TJ a bez TJ ukázala signifikantní hodnoty u SB (F = 6,717; p = 0,01), kdy ve dni bez TJ měly dívky o 37,4 min více SB. PA střední intenzity byla ve dnech s TJ zastoupena o 11,8 min více (F = 9,970; p = 0,002), stejně tak i PA vysoké intenzity (VPA) (F = 8,661; p = 0,004), které měly dívky více o 8,2 min. Objem SB byl významně vyšší na jaře v porovnání s podzimem (p = 0,03). PA nízké intenzity byla významně vyšší na podzim v porovnání se zimou (p < 0,001). Objem VPA byl vyšší v zimě (p = 0,03) a na jaře (p = 0,02) oproti podzimu. Závěry: V této studii bylo prokázáno, že objem SB a PA je odlišný ve dnech s TJ, bez TJ a také v rámci ročních období.

Background: Organized physical activity (PA) can significantly affect the volume of daily PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) related to the seasons at adolescent girls. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to compare the quantity of PA and SB at girls (aged 11-15) on the day with a training (TJ) and on the day without TJ in the context of seasonality. Methods: 27 girls participated in this study from a street dance group. PA and SB were monitored by the ActiGraph GT3X+. Data was measuring in the autumn (November), in the winter (March) and in the spring (May) of the 2017/2018 school year. The meteorological data was exporting from the station of Czech hydrometeorological institute. The results of the measurements were statistically processed in the IBM SPSS (SPSS, Chicago, IL). For descriptive statistic of PA and SB were using the arithmetic meanings, standard deviation and confidence interval. To determine the differences between the measured values of PA and SB, was using the analysis of variation of repeated measurements. Statistical significance was determined at the p=0.05 level. Results: Analysis of differences in the structure of physical behavior on the days with and without TJ showed significant values in SB (F=6,717; p=0,01), when girls had 37.4 min more SB on the day without TJ. Moderate intensity of PA was more represented on days with TJ by 11.8 min (F=9,970; p=0,002), as well as the vigorous intensity of physical activity (VPA) (F=8,661; p=0,004), which had girls had more about 8,2 min. The volume of SB, light intensity of physical activity (LIPA) and VPA varied significantly between seasons (p

• MeSH
• akcelerometrie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pohybová aktivita * MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• sport pro děti a mládež * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• tanec MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• pozorovací studie MeSH