• MeSH
• longitudinální studie * MeSH
• sociální vědy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• periodika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• behaviorální vědy
• veřejné zdravotnictví

Změna načasování i pořadí životních událostí v dospělosti jako je ukončení studia, vstup do manželství, založení rodiny nebo i odchod do důchodu a jejich souvislosti s psychosociálním fungováním člověka jsou oblastmi, které zkoumá teorie životní dráhy. Jde o multidisciplinární přístup integrující psychologické, sociologické, historické i demografické hledisko a další oblasti. Studie se zabývá životními událostmi v dospělosti a s nimi souvisejícími tranzicemi a trajektoriemi, jejich načasováním a celkovým uspořádáním z pohledu životní dráhy. Věnuje se dvěma nejčastějším přístupům ke studiu životních tranzic: analytickému, který sleduje jednotlivé tranzice a holistickému, který studuje komplexní vzorce životních trajektorií. Významný prostor je věnován de standardizaci, individualizaci a dalším změnám v životní dráze, které se týkají především načasování a pořadí životních tranzic, limitům v současném výzkumu a také možnostem budoucího výzkumu životní dráhy.

Changes in the timing and order of adult life events such as the end of studies, marriage, starting a family or retirement, and their relations to the individual psychoso cial functioning of a person are objects of a substantial body of research, especially in current developmental psychology and longitudinal research in other related areas. A multidisciplinary approach to the study of life course, which, in addition to psychological aspects, integrates sociological, historical, or demographic dimensions, presents an important theoretical framework for this study. A significant part of the life course approach adopted here focuses on life events and related turning points – life transitions together with more complex trajectories, their timing, order, frequency, and overall organization. Even though the life course approach has its origins in sociology, it is mainly psychological research that enables the study of psychosocial antecedents and correlates of these transitions and trajectories, such as gender, socioeconomic status, temperament, personality traits, well being or social functioning. In the life course research, there are two most common frameworks studying life events and life transitions: the analytical (microscop ic), which follows individual transitions, and the holistic (macroscopic), which studies complex patterns of life trajectories. Although the analytical framework is more frequent, the holistic is preferred especially from the theoretical point of view. Besides the analytical and holistic frameworks, the life course research also works with the objective and subjective perspectives on life course, as well as with real (already experienced) and ex pected life course, which is most common in adolescent research. An important part of the life course research is dedicated to de standardization, individualization, and other changes in the course of life, which concern in particular the timing and order of life tran sitions, especially the length of study, marriage and parenthood. These changes are frequently discussed in the current life course approach in the context of changing societal and individual requirements. Even though the modern life course approach stems from large, complex and often longitudinal studies using advanced methodological procedures, it also deals with many deficiencies that limit current research, such as the methodological design or emphasis put solely on a few aspects of life transitions or life trajectories.

• MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sociální psychologie MeSH
• srovnávací psychologie MeSH
• vývojová psychologie MeSH
• životní změny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Kromě kurzu Advanced Life Support Provider (ALS) je Immediate Life Support Provider dalším typem kurzu Evropské resuscitační rady, který v současné době zavádí Česká resuscitační rada do České republiky. Jedná se o zkrácenou verzi kurzu ALS, který je vhodný převážně pro střední zdravotnický personál nebo lékaře, kteří běžně nejsou součástí resuscitačního týmu. V kurzu se účastníci naučí standardizovaný postup u pacientů v kritickém stavu nebo u pacientů s náhlou zástavou oběhu.

Immediate Life Support Provider Course is apart from Advanced Life Support Provider Course another course of European Resuscitation Council which is brought to the Czech Republic by the Czech Resuscitation Council. This course is shorter than ALS course and is suitable for physicians who are not regular members of resuscitation teams and for non-medical professions (eg. paramedics, nurses, EMTs). Participants will learn standardised algorithm for treating critically ill patients or patients in cardiac arrest.

• MeSH
• kardiopulmonální resuscitace * metody   MeSH
• vzdělávání odborné metody   organizace a řízení   MeSH

• MeSH
• klinické lékařství MeSH
• nemoci trávicího systému MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH
• učebnice MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• gastroenterologie

• MeSH
• geriatrie MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• sociální psychologie MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• vývoj člověka MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Geriatrie
• NLK Obory
• geriatrie

There is increasing interest across European contexts in promoting active social lives in older age, and counteracting pathways and outcomes related to social isolation and loneliness for men and women in later life. This is evidenced within national and European level policy, including the 2021 Green Paper on Ageing and its concern with understanding how risks can accrue for European ageing populations in the relational sphere. Research indicates that life-course transitions can function as a source of these risks, leading to a range of potentially exclusionary impacts for the social relations of older men and women. Findings presented in this paper are drawn from the qualitative component of a larger European mixed-methods study on exclusion from social relations (GENPATH: A life course perspective on the GENdered PATHways of social exclusion in later life, and its consequences for health and well-being). We use data from 119 in-depth interviews from four jurisdictions: Austria, Czechia, Ireland and Spain. This research employed an approach that focused on capturing lived experienced insights related to relational change across the life course, the implications of these changes for multifaceted forms of exclusion from social relations and the role of gender in patterning these changes and implications. We focused on transitions that commonly emerged across those jurisdictions for older people: onset of ill-health, bereavement, retirement and relocation. We found that these transitions translate into multidimensional experiences of exclusion from social relations in the lives of older men and women by constraining their social networks, support networks, social opportunities and intimate relationships.

• MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osamocení MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sociální izolace * MeSH
• stárnutí MeSH
• životní změny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

This article examines PhD students' migration plans and strategies, their development over time, and the circumstances of their potential or real return within the changing life course context. The research is based on a longitudinal qualitative study conducted over six years (2012-17) among 21 international PhD students coming from developing countries, studying in the Netherlands. Results are discussed in the context of a cultural shift and the migration-development nexus. We argue that: (1) strong feelings of responsibility towards both their family and the development of their country of origin are leading factors shaping their migration strategies; (2) specialisation of their research project and its applicability in the home country also importantly influences their return potential; and (3) an apparent moral responsibility towards the home society and a willingness to help countries of migratory origin was growing stronger over the observation time (in harmony with post-materialist values the informants gained when studying in the Netherlands) along the progressing life course, which creates a broad potential for brain gain.

• MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• sociální chování MeSH
• studenti * MeSH
• životní změny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rozšířená kardiopulmonální recuscitace * metody   přístrojové vybavení   výchova   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The present study explores growth and health in Roman (1st-3rd centuries CE) and Post-Roman (4th-7th centuries CE) Gaul, incorporating a life-course approach, to better understand the influence of Roman practices and lifestyles on health, and the impact of cultural change from the Roman to the Post-Roman period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The skeletal remains of 844 individuals were analyzed for non-specific signs of physiological stress, including growth disruption (diaphyseal and adult maximum femur length), dental enamel hypoplastic defects (DEH), cribra orbitalia (CO), and periosteal reaction of the tibiae (Tibia PR). RESULTS: The Gallo-Roman sample demonstrated shorter femoral lengths, and higher rates of DEH and Tibia PR. Post-Roman groups demonstrated longer femoral lengths and higher rates of CO. CONCLUSIONS: Gallo-Roman individuals may have been more regularly exposed to infectious pathogens throughout childhood, inhibiting opportunities for catch-up growth, resulting in high rates of DEH and shorter femoral lengths ('intermittent stress of low lethality'). This could be the result of overcrowding and insalubrious urban environments. Higher rates of CO in the Post-Roman samples may have been influenced by dietary changes between the periods. SIGNIFICANCE: The intertwined and often synergistic relationships between early life environment, nutrition and settlement structure is highlighted, helping to further understandings of life experiences during the Roman and Post-Roman periods. LIMITATIONS: It was not possible to obtain sufficient data from northern regions during the Gallo-Roman period, limiting this analysis. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: Further application of life course approaches can reveal subtle patterns in stress indicators.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční stav MeSH
• římská říše * MeSH
• tělesná výška MeSH
• tělesné pozůstatky MeSH
• životní změny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• angličtina,
• MeSH
• ošetřovatelství MeSH
• pomocný zdravotnický personál MeSH
• terminologie jako téma MeSH

• Konspekt
• Angličtina
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• lingvistika, lékařská terminologie
• ošetřovatelství
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol