Cíle. Neuropsychologické testy sledují v různé míře řadu kognitivních funkcí. Faktorové struktury různých neuropsychologických baterií a jejich analýzy tak vykazují jak podobnosti, tak rozdíly. Studie zkoumá českou komplexní neuropsychologickou baterii pro SuperAgery (starší osoby s vynikajícími kognitivními schopnostmi) z průřezového a longitudinálního hlediska s ohledem na její faktorovou strukturu a její stabilitu v čase. Soubor. Soubor tvořilo 361 zdravých starších osob (ve věku 60–94 let), které byly v letech 2012 a 2015 hodnoceny pomocí baterie kognitivních testů. Statistické analýzy. Data byla analyzována konfirmační faktorovou analýzou a analýzou invariance v čase s využitím několika konkurenčních modelů kognice založených na teoriích vycházejících z předchozích studií a sestávajících z 1-5 faktorů. Výsledky. Výsledky ukazují, že nejlepší model seskládá ze čtyř faktorů: verbální paměť, pozornost/pracovní paměť, exekutivní funkce a jazyk. Tento model kognice byl také nejstabilnější. Model odráží kognitivní funkce zdravých seniorů a zdůrazňuje potřebu identifikovat SuperAgery na základě výkonu ve více kognitivních oblastech. Autoři navrhují, aby tyto čtyři domény byly brány v úvahu při identifikaci SuperAgerů a aby porovnávání konkurenčních modelů bylo standardním postupem v budoucích studiích. Omezení. Ve studii nebyly zastoupeny faktory vizuálně-prostorové funkce nebo neverbální paměti s příslušnými testy. Vzorek tvořili zdraví starší dospělí.

Objectives. Neuropsychological tests employ several cognitive functions to a different extent. Thus, factor structures of various neuropsychological batteries and their analyses show both similarities and discrepancies. The study explores the Czech comprehensive neuropsychological battery for SuperAgers (older people with excellent cognition) from the cross-sectional and longitudinal point of view in respect to its factor structure and its stability over time. Sample and settings. The study sample consisted of 361 healthy older adults (age 60–94) assessed in the years 2012 and 2015 with cognitive tests battery. Statistical analyses. Data were analyzed with confirmatory factor and invariance analyses over time using multiple competing theory-driven models of cognition based on previous studies consisting of 1–5 factors. Results. The results show that the best fitting model consists of four factors: verbal memory, attention/working memory, executive functions, and language. The results also suggest that the four factorial structure of cognition in healthy older people was the most stable. This reflects their cognitive functioning and highlights the need to identify the SuperAgers on the basis of performance in multiple cognitive domains. The authors propose that these four domains should be taken into account for identifying SuperAgers and that comparing competing models should be a standard procedure in future studies. Limitations. The visuospatial or nonverbal memory factors were not represented in our study with relevant tests. Our sample consisted of healthy older adults.

Chronic periodontitis (CP), an infectious disease resulting in inflammation within the periodontal tissue, is the main cause of adult tooth loss. CP is a multi-factorial disorder and the interaction between multiple genetic and environmental factors results in the manifestation of this disease. Recent researches in periodontitis has focused on cytokine gene polymorphisms that play important role in periodontal inflammation, but few studies investigated histological change that occur during CP in the supporting tissue of teeth. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of IFN-γ +874 A/T polymorphisms and quantitative parameters of interdental gingiva in CP patients. The study samples were interdental gingiva biopsies from 60 individuals including 38 patients and 22 healthy subjects. After determination of IFN-γ +874 A/T gene polymorphism by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), patients were divided in three subgroups: 10 AA, 18 AT and 10 TT. After slides preparation, quantitative parameters were estimated by Cavalieri's point-counting method. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test to compare differences between groups. The volume density (Vv) of epithelium, connective tissue and its components were significantly different between the control and CP groups (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences in the Vv of collagenous and non-collagenous matrix of interdental gingiva between AA, AT and TT groups were found (P<0.05). Result of present study shows that IFN-γ +874 A/T is strongly associated with some quantitative parameters of connective tissue constituents of interdental papilla in CP patients.

• MeSH
• Biopsy MeSH
• Chronic Periodontitis genetics   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease MeSH
• Genotype MeSH
• Gingiva pathology   MeSH
• Interferon-gamma genetics   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Polymerase Chain Reaction MeSH
• Polymorphism, Genetic genetics   MeSH
• Case-Control Studies MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Medical Oncology methods   trends   MeSH
• Pain Management MeSH
• Disease Management MeSH
• Neoplasms diagnosis   epidemiology   etiology   therapy   MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• onkologie
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

• MeSH
• Cells * MeSH
• Molecular Biology MeSH

• Conspectus
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NML Fields
• molekulární biologie, molekulární medicína
• NML Publication type
• učebnice vysokých škol

BACKGROUND: Fasciola hepatica is a parasite with a significant impact on ruminant livestock production. Previous studies in north-west Europe have described its geographical distribution and determined potential predictors of fasciolosis using geographical information system (GIS) and regression modelling. In Sweden, however, information about the distribution of fasciolosis is limited. This study examined the geographical distribution of F. hepatica and identified high-risk areas for beef cattle in Sweden and sought to characterise potential predictors. Beef cattle serum samples were collected during winter 2006-2007 from 2135 herds which were examined for F. hepatica antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fasciolosis distribution maps were created using GIS based on postcode location of seropositive herds. Spatial scan analysis (SaTScan) was performed to determine high-risk areas. Using datasets on animal density, temperature, precipitation and Corine land cover data, including soil type and soil mineral concentrations in Sweden, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out in R software to reveal potential predictors of F. hepatica infection. RESULTS: Overall herd seroprevalence of F. hepatica in beef cattle was 9.8 % (95 % CI: 8.6-11.1). An irregular spatial distribution of F. hepatica, with two main clusters, was observed in south-west Sweden. The most northerly occurrence of F. hepatica in the world was documented. The final model explained 15.8 % of the variation in F. hepatica distribution in study herds. Absence of coniferous forest was the variable with the highest predictive value. Precipitation in July-September, Dystric Cambisol, Dystric Regosol, and P and Cu concentrations in soil were other negative predictors. Beef cattle herd density, Dystric Leptosol and Fe concentration were positive predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial distribution of F. hepatica in Swedish beef cattle herds is influenced by multi-factorial effects. Interestingly, absence of coniferous forest, herd density, specific soil type and concentration of some soil minerals are more important predictors than climate factors.

• MeSH
• Fascioliasis epidemiology   veterinary   MeSH
• Cattle Diseases epidemiology   parasitology   MeSH
• Weather * MeSH
• Cattle MeSH
• Environment * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Cattle MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Sweden MeSH

Úvod: Preeklampsia (PEE) je vážnou komplikáciou gravidity vyskytujúca sa u 5-7% tehotných žien. Z etiopatologického hľadiska je považovaná za multifaktoriálnu nozologickú jednotku, ktorej manifestácia je podmienená súhrou genetických predispozičných faktorov, environmentálnych zložiek a rizikových faktorov, pričom exaktný patomechanizmus ochorenia nie je známy. No predpokladá sa určitý systémový vaskulárny a endotelový odklon od normálneho stavu v podmienkach celotelovej inflamácie, ktorý podmieňuje orgánové poškodenie tehotnej ženy. Materiál a metóda: Vytvorili sme prospektívnu klinickú štúdiu zameranú na význam sledovania sérových hladín centrálneho imunomodulačného cytokínu (tumor necrosis factor alpha - TNF-a) modifikujúceho expresiu markerov endotelovej dysfunkcie (napr. vascular cell adhesion molecule - VCAM-I) pri napojení sa na systém renín-angiotenzín (RAS) v sledovaní orgánových zmien u žien s preeklampsiou prostredníctvom hladín erytropoetínu (EPO) a sérového fibronektínu. Do štúdie bolo zaradených 76 žien (38 subjektov s preeklampsiou a rovnaký počet kontrolných zdravých tehotných). Sérové hladiny TNF-a, sVCAM-I, enzýmu konvertujúceho angiotemzín (ACE) boli vyšetrené pomocou ELISA metódy, EPO pomocou chemiluminiscenčnej imunoanalýzy. Fibronektín bol určený imunoturbidimetricky. Výsledky boli štatisticky analyzované. Výsledky: Tehotné ženy s PEE mali signifikantne vyšší predtehotenský a tehotenský body mass index (BMI), systolický a diastolický tlak krvi a výskyt operačných ukončení gravidity (pôrodu). Všetky preeklamptičky vykazovali horší neonatálny výstup. Sérové hladiny TNF-a, sVCAM-I, EPO, ACE a fibronektínu boli signifikantne vyššie u žien s preeklampsiou (priemer/SD: 855,8±385,1 pg/ml, 1243±671 ng/ml, 69,5±29,9 mIU/ml, 0,491±0,244 mU/l, 0,308±0,231 g/l) v porovnaní so zdravými kontrolami (301,1±156,1 pg/ml, 651±250 ng/ml, 33,54±19,11 mIU/ml, 0,366±0,201 mU/l, 0,218±0,101 g/l, p<0,0001, p<0,0001, p<0,0001, p=0,017, p=0,031). Navyše, všetky parametre stúpali so závažnejším priebehom ochorenia. V multivariačnej analýze zahrňujúcej zvýšenú plazmatickú hladinu TNF-a alebo ACE spolu s hodnotou proteínúrie, renálnej funkcie a pôrodom < alebo 3 34. gestačnom týždni (t.t.) sme zistili signifikantne vyššie hodnoty proteinúrie (p<0,01) a nižšie hodnoty tubulárnej rezorbcie (p<0,05) u pacientok so zvýšenými sérovými hladinami TNF-a a ACE. Vyššie maternálne sérové hladiny TNF-a a ACE u žien s PEE boli spojené s vyším výskytom predčasného pôrodu (<34. t.t.) (p=0,0403). Záver: Preeklampsia je charakterizovaná zvýšenou hladinou plazmatického TNF-a, sVCAM-I a ACE, ktoré signifikantne súvisia s vyšším výskytom renálnych komplikácií, orgánového poškodenia (EPO, fibronektín) a predčasných pôrodov u žien s preeklampsiou.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy occurring in 5-7% of pregnant women. In ethiopathogenesis it is thought to be a multi-factorial disease involving participation in part of genetic factors, environmental features and general risk factors, and despite its identification, the direct pathomechanism cascade still remains uncovered. However, it is presumed the role of vascular and endothelial misbalance on the background of general inflammation in women´s body. Material and method: We have conducted a prospective clinical study aimed to investigate maternal plasma levels of the central immunomodulatory cytokine (TNF-a) modifying the expression of markers of endothelial dysfunction (VCAM-I) linked to the renin-angiotensin system (ACE) in the detection of organ impairment through monitoring of erytropoetin (EPO) and fibronectin among pregnant women with preeclampsia. A total of 76 pregnant women were enrolled into the study (for 38 in each study group, preeclamptic subjects and healthy controls). The maternal serum levels of TNF-a, sVCAM-I, ACE were assessed by ELISA method, EPO through chemiluminiscent immunoanalysis and fibronectin by the use of immunoturbidimetry. All achieved results were statistically analyzed. Results: Pregnant women with PEE exhibited significantly higher pre-pregnancy and pregnancy body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and incidence of operative deliveries. All newborns coming from preeclamptic mothers had worse neonatal outcome. Maternal serum levels of TNF-a, sVCAM-1, EPO, ACE and fibronectin were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia (mean/SD: 855.8±385.1 pg/mL, 1243±671 ng/mL, 69.5±29.9 mIU/mL, 0.491±0.244 mU/L, 0.308±0.231 g/L) compared to healthy pregnant controls (301.1±156.1 pg/mL, 651±250 ng/mL, 33.54±19.11 mIU/mL, 0.366±0.201 mU/L, 0.218±0.101 g/L, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p=0.017, p=0.031; respectively). Moreover, all observed parameters increased with the severity of the disease. In multivariate analyses integrating elevated plasma levels of TNF-a or ACE together with proteinuria, renal functions and labor < or 3 34 gestational week (gw) we have revealed significantly higher levels of proteinuria (p<0.01) and lower levels of tubular resorption activity (p<0.05) in preeclamptic women with increased serum levels of TNF-a and ACE. The elevated plasma levels of TNF-a and ACE were in these women in close link to the preterm delivery, as well (<34 gw) (p=0.0403). Conclusion: Preeklampsia is characterized by increased maternal plasma levels of TNF-a, sVCAM-I and ACE, which significantly correlate with impaired renal functions, organ involvement (EPO, fibronectin) and urge for preterm delivery in preeclamptic women.

• MeSH
• Angiotensins analysis   diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Biomarkers analysis   blood   MeSH
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 analysis   diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Fibronectins analysis   diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH
• Pregnancy Complications diagnosis   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pre-Eclampsia diagnosis   physiopathology   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha analysis   diagnostic use   blood   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH

We explore psychometric characteristics of a modified version of the Cloninger's personality questionnaire, the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R) in a 200-subject sample. This sample was stratified in accordance with the Czech population. We performed principal component analyses and explored the factorial structure of the questionnaire, to establish internal consistency of each dimension. The factorial structure of the TCI-R was well defined for temperament, but not for character. A robust factor was obtained for Persistence. All dimensions obtained higher alpha Cronbach coefficients with the TCI-R than with the TCI. There were high reliability coefficients in test-retest for TCI-R and lower for TCI/TCI-R were found. Significant correlations were obtained between age and NS, RD and SD. The TCI-R seems to have similar psychometric characteristics to TCI, with significant improvements in temperament factor structure and internal consistency of most dimensions.

• MeSH
• Character MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Language MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Personality Inventory statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Psychometrics statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Cross-Cultural Comparison MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Temperament MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• MeSH
• Computer Systems MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika
• lékařská informatika

• MeSH
• Mathematics MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH

• Conspectus
• Statistika
• NML Fields
• statistika, zdravotnická statistika

• MeSH
• Nursing MeSH
• Research MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• ošetřovatelství