Natural dyes Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Neupravená přírodní ani umělá textilní vlákna a materiály nezpůsobují na kůži téměř žádné problémy typu ekzém-dermatitidy. Nejčastější příčinou kontaktních ekzémů v této souvislosti jsou textilní barviva. Typický bývá akutní průběh a lokalizace ekzémových změn na kůži, která je v těsném kontaktu s oděvem a kde je největší tření a pocení. Přes velké množství používaných různých barviv jsou zprávy o takovýchto případech vzácné.Je popsán případ muže, který nosil barevnou bavlněnou flanelovou košili. Během několika hodin se rozvinul obraz typické akutní ekzém-dermatitidy na postranních partiích krku, v oblastech axil a na vnitřních stranách paží.Epikutánní testy s alergeny standardní evropské řady TROLAB byly negativní. Epikutánní testy se vzorky materiálu vedly k papulo-vezikulózní erupci v místech kontaktu s vínově červeně zbarvenými vlákny.Nebylo možné zjistit žádné údaje o výrobcích košil a textilního materiálu ani barviv. Není tedy možné stanovit konkrétní barvivo, které je v tomto případě kontaktním alergenem. Můžeme pouze předpokládat, že jde o barvivo rozpustné ve vodě, a to možná ze skupiny azobarviv nebo antrachinonů.
Not adjusted natural and artificial textile materiály cause ahnost no problems in contact with the slon in the sense of contact eczema-dermatitis. The most frequent reason of contact dermatitis due to textile materiály are the textile dyes. Typical is an acute course and localisation in the areas of Glose contact of clothes and the slon, where friction and perspiration is maximal.There are not many reports about such caues when compared with the large number of different dyes used in textile industry.It is described the tase of a man, who wore the coloured cotton flannel shirt. In several hours he developed typical acute eczema-dermatitis on both sides of his neck, axillar regions and ventral parts of arms.The patch testy with the European standard series of common contact aleergeny TROLAB proved negative results. The patch testy with the material of two shirts led to papular and vesicular eruption in the places of the contact with dark vine-red coloured flbres.There esere no information available of the manufacturer of the shirts and textile material and dyes used in them, so it is very difficult to determine the exact dye which is the contact allergen in this tase. It could be only supposed that it is a dye, which is solubile in water and which may belong to the azo- or antrachinon type of dyes.
- MeSH
- alergická kontaktní dermatitida diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- barvicí látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ekzém diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- kožní testy využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- textilie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Barvení a použití barviv je součástí většiny technologických postupů výroby léčivých přípravků i doplňků stravy. Přírodní barviva, pigmenty a syntetická barviva jsou součástí každodenní stravy. Cílem článku bylo demonstrovat rozdíly mezi barvivy přírodními a syntetickými, jejich pozitivní a negativní vliv na lidský organizmus zejména v oblasti lékárenství. Dalším záměrem bylo zdůraznit rozdíl chování organického barviva a anorganického pigmentu v lidském těle a na konkrétních příkladech uvést pozitivní působení barviv na lidské zdraví.
The dyeing and the using of dyes is part of major technological processes in drugs and food supplements manufacturing. Natural dyes, pigments and synthetic dyes are components of daily diet. The aim of the article was to demonstrate differences between natural and synthetic dyes, and their positive and negative impact on human organism particularly in the area of pharmacy. Further aim was to underline the difference in behaviour of inorganic pigments and organic dyes in the human body and, on concrete examples, specify positive impact of dyes on human health.
Release of untreated effluent from processing or manufacturing industries and other commercial premises into water bodies is a major threat to environment and human health. In this regard, the effluent generated from laboratories and other research facilities is of great concern. Among other harmful chemicals, the effluent is rich in toxic organic dyes, which get exposed to the environment and pose serious health risk. The dyes used in nucleic acid analysis specially the DNA dyes are known for their teratogenicity and mutagenic potential, which mainly depends upon the organism and circumstances under which it is exposed. Among animals and humans, exposure to theses dyes may lead to irritation in mouth, eyes and respiratory tract and many other possible effects which are yet to be explored. To overcome these problems, dyes present in the effluents from laboratories must be degraded to non-toxic forms. Various strategies have been proposed and investigated for degradation and remediation of contaminated laboratory effluent. As a modern and cost-effective technique, biodegradation using microbes and plants is potentially eco-friendly and sustainable technique for detoxifying these dyes. In this article, we have discussed and reviewed the structure, properties and toxicity profile of prominent nucleic acid dyes, along with the strategies of remediation of laboratory effluents contaminated with these dyes. In addition, we have also discussed the feasibility and limitations of these remediation strategies and identified research gaps that can help researchers to explore more effective solutions to manage this area of great concern. We have also reviewed various less toxic alternatives of these common as safer options of these dyes.
- MeSH
- barvicí látky * chemie toxicita MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- DNA MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Trametes pubescens and Pleurotus ostreatus, immobilized on polyurethane foam cubes in bioreactors, were used to decolorize three industrial and model dyes at concentrations of 200, 1000 and 2000 ppm. Five sequential cycles were run for each dye and fungus. The activity of laccase, Mn-dependent and independent peroxidases, lignin peroxidase, and aryl-alcohol oxidase were daily monitored during the cycles and the toxicity of media containing 1000 and 2000 ppm of each dye was assessed by the Lemna minor (duckweed) ecotoxicity test. Both fungi were able to efficiently decolorize all dyes even at the highest concentration, and the duckweed test showed a significant reduction (p
Twelve white-rot fungal strains belonging to seven different species were screened on plates under alkaline condition to study the decolourisation of the textile dyes Reactive Black 5 and Poly R-478. Three strains of Trametes versicolor (Micoteca da Universidade do Minho (MUM) 94.04, 04.100 and 04.101) and one strain of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (MUM 94.15) showed better decolourisation results. These four strains were used for decolourisation studies in liquid culture medium. All four selected strains presented more efficient decolourisation rates on Reactive Black 5 than on Poly R-478. For both dyes on solid and liquid culture media, the decolourisation capability exhibited by these strains depended on dye concentration and pH values of the media. Finally, the decolourisation of Reactive Black 5 by T. versicolor strains MUM 94.04 and 04.100 reached 100 %. In addition, the highest white-rot fungi ligninolytic enzyme activities were found for these two strains.
- MeSH
- alkálie metabolismus MeSH
- anthrachinony metabolismus MeSH
- barvicí látky metabolismus MeSH
- Basidiomycota metabolismus MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- naftalensulfonany metabolismus MeSH
- Phanerochaete metabolismus MeSH
- polymery metabolismus MeSH
- průmyslový odpad * MeSH
- textilie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Thirty wood-rotting basidiomycetes, most of them causing white rot in wood, were isolated from fruiting bodies growing on decaying wood from the Sierra de Ayllón (Spain). The fungi were identified on the basis of their morphological characteristics and compared for their ability to decolorize Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Blue 38 (as model of azo and phthalocyanine type dyes, respectively) at 75 and 150 mg/L. Only eighteen fungal strains were able to grow on agar plates in the presence of the dyes and only three species (Calocera cornea, Lopharia spadicea, Polyporus alveolaris) decolorized efficiently both dyes at both concentrations. The ligninolytic activities, involved in decolorization dyes (laccases, lignin peroxidases, Mn-oxidizing peroxidases), were followed in glucose basal medium in the presence of enzyme inducers. The results indicate a high variability of the ligninolytic system within white-rot basidiomycetes. These fungal species and their enzymes can represent new alternatives for the study of new biological systems to degrade aromatic compounds causing environmental problems.
Numerous methods exist for fluorescently labeling proteins either as direct fusion proteins (GFP, RFP, YFP, etc.-attached to the protein of interest) or utilizing accessory proteins to produce fluorescence (SNAP-tag, CLIP-tag), but the significant increase in size that these accompanying proteins add may hinder or impede proper protein folding, cellular localization, or oligomerization. Fluorescently labeling proteins with biarsenical dyes, like FlAsH, circumvents this issue by using a short 6-amino acid tetracysteine motif that binds the membrane-permeable dye and allows visualization of living cells. Here, we report the successful adaptation of FlAsH dye for live-cell imaging of two genera of spirochetes, Leptospira and Borrelia, by labeling inner or outer membrane proteins tagged with tetracysteine motifs. Visualization of labeled spirochetes was possible by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. A subsequent increase in fluorescent signal intensity, including prolonged detection, was achieved by concatenating two copies of the 6-amino acid motif. Overall, we demonstrate several positive attributes of the biarsenical dye system in that the technique is broadly applicable across spirochete genera, the tetracysteine motif is stably retained and does not interfere with protein function throughout the B. burgdorferi infectious cycle, and the membrane-permeable nature of the dyes permits fluorescent detection of proteins in different cellular locations without the need for fixation or permeabilization. Using this method, new avenues of investigation into spirochete morphology and motility, previously inaccessible with large fluorescent proteins, can now be explored.
- MeSH
- bakteriální geny MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- barvení a značení * MeSH
- fluorescenční barviva * MeSH
- fluorescenční mikroskopie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- Spirochaetales cytologie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- spirochetové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural MeSH
