• MeSH
• fyziologie MeSH
• patologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• atlasy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• patologie
• fyziologie

Nickel-titanium alloy (nitinol, NiTi) is a biomaterial with unique thermal shape memory, superelasticity and high damping properties. Therefore NiTi has been used in medical applications. In this in vitro study, the effect of NiTi alloy (with two surface modifications - helium and hydrogen) on gene expression profile of selected interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-2) in human physiological osteoblasts and human osteoarthritic osteoblasts was examined to respond to a question of the different behavior of bone tissue in the implantation of metallic materials in the presence of cells affected by the osteoarthritic process. The cells were cultivated in contact with NiTi and with or without LPS (bacterial lipolysaccharide). Changes in expression of target genes were calculated by 2-ΔΔCt method. An increased gene expression of IL-1β in osteoarthritic osteoblasts, with even higher expression in cells collected directly from the metal surface was observed. In case of physiological osteoblasts, the change in expression was detected after LPS treatment in cells surrounding the disc. Higher expression levels of IL-8 were observed in osteoarthritic osteoblasts after NiTi treatment in contact with alloy, and in physiological osteoblasts without relation to location in combination of NiTi and LPS. IL-6 was slightly increased in physiological osteoblastes after application of LPS. MMP-1 expression level was obviously significantly higher in osteoarthritic osteoblasts with differences regarding the metal surface and location. MMP-2 expression was decreased in both cell lines after LPS treatment. In conclusion, results of present study show that the NiTi alloy and the treatment by LPS, especially repeated doses of LPS, change the gene expression of selected ILs and MMPs in human osteoblast cell cultures. Some of the changes were depicted solely to osteoarthritic osteoblasts.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• nikl farmakologie   MeSH
• osteoartróza * MeSH
• osteoblasty účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese účinky léků   MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• titan farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Genetic and non-genetic predictors of 15-year survival in patients with chronic three-vessel disease (3VD) were investigated. Coronary angiography was performed on 810 subjects with symptoms of stable ischemic heart disease in 1998. The patients with 3VD were genotyped for 23 candidate polymorphisms covering the PPAR-RXR pathway, matrix metalloproteinase-2, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelin-1, cytokine genes, MTHFR and APO E variants. Fifteen-year survival data were obtained from the national insurance registry. All data were available in the case of 150 patients with 3VD. Statistical analysis used stepwise Cox regression with dominant, recessive, or additive mode of genetic expression. Involved variables included age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, ejection fraction, left main stenosis, previously diagnosed coronary stenosis, myocardial infarction in personal history, and coronary bypass along with polymorphisms pre-selected by log-rank tests. Out of the 23 polymorphisms, four were included in the model construction. SNP in the IL-6 gene rs1800795 (-174 G/C) has been found to be a significant predictor of survival. This SNP was in a linkage disequilibrium with rs1800797 (-597 G/A) in the same gene (D'=1.0), which was also found to constitute a significant predictor of survival when rs1800795 was not included in the model construction. Age, increased BMI, diabetes, low EF, and left main stenosis were also significant predictors in all models. Age, increased BMI, diabetes, low ejection fraction, left main stenosis, and genetic variation in the IL-6 promoter were established as significant independent risk factors for the survival of patients with three-vessel disease.

• MeSH
• DNA genetika   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoci koronárních tepen genetika   mortalita   radiografie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický * MeSH
• předpověď * MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• registrace * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Recent medical applications have specific requirements on materials and Nitinol can fulfill them due to its exceptional characteristics, which can be further improved by modifications of the material surface. Various surface nanostructuring methods are utilized to enhance characteristics of oxide layer, which naturally develops on the Nitinol surface, leading to improved biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. This review is focused on studies investigating the behavior of various cell types on surface nanotubes and ordered nanopores prepared by anodic oxidation, a technique allowing fabrication of nanostructures with defined parameters. Results showed that certain dimensions of nanotubes positively affect adhesion and viability of osteoblasts and endothelial cells on the surface, contrary to negative effect on smooth muscle cells, both required by the medical applications. Furthermore, increased antibacterial effect correlated with the nanostructure topography and release rates of Ni ions.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály farmakologie   MeSH
• endoteliální buňky MeSH
• nanopóry * MeSH
• nanotrubičky * MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• slitiny chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• titan chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

One major challenge when developing new biomaterials is translating in vitro testing to in vivo models. We have recently shown that a single formulation of a bone tissue adhesive, phosphoserine modified cement (PMC), is safe and resorbable in vivo. Herein, we screened many new adhesive formulations, for cytocompatibility and bioactive ion release, with three cell lines: MDPC23 odontoblasts, MC3T3 preosteoblasts, and L929 fibroblasts. Most formulations were cytocompatible by indirect contact testing (ISO 10993-12). Formulations with larger amounts of phosphoserine (>50%) had delayed setting times, greater ion release, and cytotoxicity in vitro. The trends in ion release from the adhesive that were cured for 24 h (standard for in vitro) were similar to release from the adhesives cured only for 5-10 min (standard for in vivo), suggesting that we may be able to predict the material behavior in vivo, using in vitro methods. Adhesives containing calcium phosphate and silicate were both cytocompatible for seven days in direct contact with cell monolayers, and ion release increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in odontoblasts, but not pre-osteoblasts. This is the first study evaluating how PMC formulation affects osteogenic cell differentiation (ALP), cytocompatibility, and ion release, using in situ curing conditions similar to conditions in vivo.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

As the consumption of implants increases, so do the requirements for individual types of implants, for example, improved biocompatibility or longevity. Therefore, the nano-modification of the titanium surface is often chosen. The aim was to characterize the modified surface with a focus on medical applications. The titanium surface was modified by the anodic oxidation method to form nanotubes. Subsequently, the material was characterized and analyzed for medical applications-surface morphology, surface wettability, chemical composition, and release of ions into biological fluids. A human gingival fibroblasts (HGFb) cell line was used in the viability study. A homogeneous layer of nanotubes of defined dimensions was formed on the titanium surface, ensuring the material's biocompatibility-the preparation conditions influence the resulting properties of the nanostructured surface. Nanostructured titanium exhibited more suitable characteristics (e.g., wettability, roughness, ion release) for biological applications than compared to pure titanium. It was possible to understand the behavior of the modified layer on the titanium surface and its effect on cell behavior. Another contribution of this work is the combination of material characterization (ion release) with the study of cytocompatibility (direct contact of cells with metals).

• MeSH
• fibroblasty MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nanostruktury * MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• smáčivost MeSH
• titan * farmakologie   chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The aim of study was to examine relation among miR-124 and serum levels of selected cytokines and chemokines, MMP-3, production of auto-antibodies, and factors describing clinical activity (DAS28) and radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 80 RA patients according to the ACR classification criteria, and 32 control subjects were recruited into study. The measurements of miR-124 and U-6 expression, CRP, anti-CCP, rheumatoid factors (RFs), radiographs of both hands with calculation of total sharp score (TSS), DAS28 and cytokines, chemokines and MMP levels in serum were obtained from all RA patients. miR-124 was down-regulated in RA patients compared to controls (7-fold decrease). The miR-124 expression correlated to MMP-3 levels (p < 0.001), which were in multivariate analysis associated to age of RA onset. Higher levels were detected in younger subjects. No relation of miR-124 expression to measures of RA activity (DAS28 score; TSS), auto-antibodies (anti-CCP, RF, RF IgG, RF IgA, RF IgM), acute inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6), and other cytokine and chemokines (IL-13, IL-15, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1, RANTES) was observed. In conclusion, we present a down-regulation of miR-124 in RA patients and its correlation to MMP-3 levels, which associated to age of RA onset.

• MeSH
• cyklické peptidy MeSH
• extracelulární matrix MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matrixová metaloproteinasa 3 metabolismus   MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   MeSH
• revmatoidní artritida * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

V průběhu akutního koronárního syndromu (AKS) dochází k rozvoji zánětlivé reakce. Zánět hraje významnou roli v patofyziologii aterosklerózy a při vzniku nestabilního aterosklerotického plátu. Po ischemickém inzultu myokardu dochází k zesílení lokální i celkové zánětlivé reakce, v ischemickém myokardu je zvýšená exprese prozánětlivých cytokinů, především interleukinu-6, který stimulací hepatocytů vede ke zvýšené produkci C-reaktivního proteinu (CRP). CRP aktivuje klasickou cestou komplement a podílí se na lýze a odstranění poškozených kardiomyocytů. Zatímco ve zdravé populaci se hladina CRP pohybuje od 1,2 do 2,0 mg/l, u pacientů s AKS hodnoty CRP výrazně narůstají s maximem hodnot 2.–4. den od vzniku infarktu myokardu. Maximální hodnoty u pacientů se STEMI léčených konzervativně se pohybovaly v rozmezí 20–250 mg/l, u pacientů se STEMI přední stěny léčených primární PCI byl dokumentován medián vrcholové hodnoty CRP 79 mg/l. Podle doporučených postupů ESC je hodnocení CRP vhodné k časné rizikové stratifikaci pacientů s AKS. U pacientů s NSTEMI jsou vstupní hodnoty CRP > 10 mg/l spojeny s vyšší dlouhodobou mortalitou. U pacientů se STEMI léčenými primární PCI maximální hodnota CRP > 79 mg/l předpovídala negativní remodelaci levé komory. Ve smíšené kohortě pacientů se STEMI/NSTEMI léčenými převážně intervenčně vstupní hodnoty CRP > 22 mg/l zvyšovaly prediktivní hodnotu GRACE risk skóre. Pokud však byla k predikci prognózy využita kromě GRACE skóre i hodnota troponinu a natriuretických peptidů, nepřinášela hodnota CRP informaci navíc. V klinické praxi může být interpretace hladin CRP u pacientů s AKS problematická z hlediska možné koincidující infekce. Řada pacientů v kardiogenním šoku nebo po kardiopulmonální resuscitaci (KPR) má známky systémové zánětlivé reakce a někdy je velmi obtížné rozhodnout, zda se jedná o infekci s nutností zahájení antibio­tické terapie. Ve skupině pacientů po KPR představuje hodnota CRP > 180 mg/l velmi pravděpodobnou infekci, ale tato hodnota má malou senzitivitu k detekci infekce. U pacientů v kardiogenním šoku je k detekci infektu přínosnější prokalcitonin než CRP, přičemž běžné jsou hodnoty prokalcitoninu > 2 ng/ml a hodnoty > 10 ng/ml svědčí pro jednoznačnou infekci.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome as well as in the process of atherosclerosis in general. At the moment of myocardial ischaemia, local and systemic inflammatory reaction is amplified; in ischaemic myocardium there is increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6, which mediates C-reactive protein (CRP) production by hepatocytes. CRP activates the complement cascade and thereby contributes to the lysis and removal of damaged cardiomyocytes. Whereas in a healthy population CRP levels range from 1.2 to 2.0 mg /l, in patients with ACS the levels of CRP significantly increase with the peak of 2nd to 4th day from the onset of myocardial infarction. Peak CRP levels ranged from 20 to 250 mg /l in patients with STEMI treated conservatively, the median of peak of CRP levels was 79 mg/l in patients with anterior wall STEMI treated with primary PCI. There is a recommendation of CRP evaluation within the early risk stratification of patients with ACS according to the current ESC guidelines. In patients with NSTEMI, CRP levels > 10 mg/l are associated with increased long‑term mortality. In patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI, CRP levels > 79 mg/l could predict negative left ventricle remodelation. The predictive value of GRACE risk score was improved using CRP, levels > 22 mg/l predicted worse prognosis in patients with either STEMI or NSTEMI treated invasively. However, if also cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptides in addition to GRACE risk score were used, CRP levels were useless in further risk stratification improvement. In clinical practice, in terms of coinciding infection, problems with CRP levels interpretetation can occur as well. Several patients either in cardiogenic shock or after cardiopulmonary resuscitation have signs of systemic inflammatory response, and sometimes it is very difficult to decide whether there is a necessity to iniciate the antibio­tic therapy because of infectious cause. In patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CRP levels > 180 mg/l indicate highly probable infection, but with the poor sensitivity. For patients in cardiogenic shock, procalcitonin appears to be more useful for the detection of infection; in this group of patients, procalcitonin levels > 2 ng/ml are common, and levels > 10 ng/ml indicate infection undoubtedly.

• Klíčová slova
• infekční komplikace,
• MeSH
• akutní koronární syndrom * krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein * analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• infarkt myokardu * krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• zánět krev   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that vitamin D is involved in ethiopathogenesis of obesity and therefore the aim of the study was to investigate whether 5 selected SNPs in VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene are associated also with anthropometry in the obese and non-obese Central-European population. METHODS: A total of 882 Central European Caucasian individuals of Czech origin were recruited (n = 882, 232 M/650 F) and weight, height, BMI, lean body mass, fat mass, body fat, waist and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and skinfold thickness were measured. Univariate and multivariate models were constructed in order to investigate the relationship between anthropometry and VDR polymorphisms. RESULTS: In the univariate modeling, the CC genotype of FokI SNP was associated with reduced waist circumference (β = -3.48; 95%CI:-7.11;0.15; p = 0.060), sum of skin fold thickness (β = -6.53, 95% CI: -12.96;-0.11; p = 0.046) as well as total % of body fat (β = -3.14, 95% CI: -5.18;-1.09; p = 0.003) compared to TT genotype. The AC genotype of ApaI SNP was associated with reduced waist circumference compared to AA genotype (β = -4.37, 95% CI: -7.54;-1.20; p = 0.007). GG genotype of EcoRV SNP was associated with reduced sum of skin fold thickness compared to AA genotype (β = -7.77, 95% CI: -14.34;-1.21; p = 0.020). In the multivariate modelling, multiple significant associations of VDR with investigated traits were observed, too. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that genetic variability in the VDR region may be an important factor influencing anthropometric characteristics associated with obesity.

• MeSH
• adipozita genetika   MeSH
• alely MeSH
• běloši genetika   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genotypizační techniky MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• obezita krev   genetika   MeSH
• obvod pasu MeSH
• poměr pasu a boků MeSH
• receptory kalcitriolu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH