OBJECTIVE: We comprehensively characterized a large pediatric cohort with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type 1 to expand the phenotypic spectrum and to identify predictors of postsurgical outcomes. METHODS: We included pediatric patients with histopathological diagnosis of isolated FCD type 1 and at least 1 year of postsurgical follow-up. We systematically reanalyzed clinical, electrophysiological, and radiological features. The results of this reanalysis served as independent variables for subsequent statistical analyses of outcome predictors. RESULTS: All children (N = 31) had drug-resistant epilepsy with varying impacts on neurodevelopment and cognition (presurgical intelligence quotient [IQ]/developmental quotient scores = 32-106). Low presurgical IQ was associated with abnormal slow background electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and disrupted sleep architecture. Scalp EEG showed predominantly multiregional and often bilateral epileptiform activity. Advanced epilepsy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols identified FCD-specific features in 74.2% of patients (23/31), 17 of whom were initially evaluated as MRI-negative. In six of eight MRI-negative cases, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET) and subtraction ictal single photon emission computed tomography coregistered to MRI helped localize the dysplastic cortex. Sixteen patients (51.6%) underwent invasive EEG. By the last follow-up (median = 5 years, interquartile range = 3.3-9 years), seizure freedom was achieved in 71% of patients (22/31), including seven of eight MRI-negative patients. Antiseizure medications were reduced in 21 patients, with complete withdrawal in six. Seizure outcome was predicted by a combination of the following descriptors: age at epilepsy onset, epilepsy duration, long-term invasive EEG, and specific MRI and PET findings. SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the broad phenotypic spectrum of FCD type 1, which spans far beyond the narrow descriptions of previous studies. The applied multilayered presurgical approach helped localize the epileptogenic zone in many previously nonlesional cases, resulting in improved postsurgical seizure outcomes, which are more favorable than previously reported for FCD type 1 patients.

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Electroencephalography * methods   MeSH
• Epilepsy MeSH
• Focal Cortical Dysplasia MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I * surgery   complications   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Malformations of Cortical Development surgery   complications   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Positron-Emission Tomography MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Drug Resistant Epilepsy * surgery   diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Infant MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

AIM: This study aimed to identify sleep profiles in a representative sample of Slovak adolescents and investigate their associations with adiposity indicators and cardiorespiratory fitness. METHODS: Data from the 2022 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in Slovakia were analysed. Survey questions on sleep duration and problems from the entire HBSC sample (n = 8906) were used to identify sleep profiles. Associations with adiposity indicators and cardiorespiratory fitness were investigated in a subsample of 924 adolescents (average age 13.3 ± 1.48; 56.2% boys) who completed the HBSC survey, bioimpedance analysis, and 20-metre shuttle run test. RESULTS: Three sleep profiles were identified-optimal sleepers, optimal sleepers with sporadic sleep problems and poor sleepers. Crude models showed that poor sleepers had significantly higher body fat percentage and fat mass index, along with lower cardiorespiratory fitness, compared to optimal sleepers. After adjustment, only the association between sleep profiles and cardiorespiratory fitness remained significant. CONCLUSION: The observed associations between sleep profiles and cardiorespiratory fitness may help better target future intervention resources towards adolescents with low cardiorespiratory fitness levels.

• MeSH
• Adiposity * MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Cardiorespiratory Fitness * physiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Sleep * physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH

PURPOSE: The International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) was conducted in Tunisia to assess the proportion of preschoolers who met the World Health Organization guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. The study also evaluated the feasibility of the methods for the SUNRISE study. METHODS: Five kindergartens were recruited from urban and rural areas in Tunisia. Physical activity and sleep duration were assessed using a waist-worn ActiGraph. Screen time and sleep quality were assessed via an interview-administered parent questionnaire. The NIH Toolbox was used. RESULTS: A total of 112 preschoolers were assessed (50 boys, age = 4.1 [0.58]). Only 18% of children met all recommendations of the World Health Organization guidelines, while 53% met the sedentary screen time (in minutes per day), and 41% met physical activity recommendation (in minutes per day). Eighty-one percent of children met the sleep duration recommendation (in minutes per day). There was good compliance with the ActiGraph protocol. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study provided important insights into the feasibility of the study and the movement behaviors of Tunisian preschool children. The results suggest there is a need to promote healthy levels of physical activity and sedentary screen time in children, which should be a priority in public health initiatives, including preschool curricula, in Tunisia.

• MeSH
• Actigraphy MeSH
• Screen Time MeSH
• Exercise * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pilot Projects MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Sedentary Behavior * MeSH
• Sleep * MeSH
• Feasibility Studies MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Tunisia MeSH

BACKGROUND: Adolescents' movement behaviours (MB) vary between schooldays and weekends, potentially impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and well-being. This study aimed to identify transitions between 24-h MB profiles on schooldays and weekends and examine their associations with HRQoL and well-being. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 1070 Czech adolescents (average age: 13.8 years and standard deviation: 2.2 years; 56% girls). Participants wore accelerometers for 7 consecutive days to assess physical activity (PA) of different intensities, sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep. A subsample of 451 participants provided data on HRQoL, which was measured using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and 484 provided valid well-being data measured with the 5-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index. Latent transition analysis was used on the MB variables to identify transitions across MB profiles, and linear regression was used to examine associations between transitions and HRQoL or well-being. RESULTS: Four MB profiles were identified: Excellent (high PA, low SB and high sleep duration), Good (average MB values), Fair (below-average PA and sleep, above-average SB) and Poor (low PA and sleep, high SB). Most adolescents transitioned to less favourable profiles on weekends. Those remaining in the Excellent profile had higher HRQoL than those transitioning to less favourable profiles. Transitions to the Poor profile were associated with the lowest HRQoL and well-being scores. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the dynamic nature of adolescents' MB and the importance of consistent, healthy routines. Interventions optimizing 24-h MB throughout the week and especially on weekends may enhance adolescent HRQoL and well-being, but further evidence from longitudinal and intervention studies is needed. SUMMARY: We observed a contrast in 24-h MB between schooldays and weekends: 29.7% of adolescents were in the Excellent on schooldays, but only 5.8% did so on weekends, while the prevalence of the Poor profile rose from 1.6% on schooldays to 27.7% on weekends. Adolescents who maintained the Excellent profile across the whole week recorded the highest scores for HRQoL and well-being. Moving into the Poor profile on weekend was associated with about 9 points poorer HRQoL and 14 points lower well-being, compared with peers who remained in the Excellent profile. Behaviour change strategies should target the entire week to preserve PA, reduce SB and protect sleep.

• MeSH
• Accelerometry MeSH
• Time Factors MeSH
• Adolescent Behavior * psychology   physiology   MeSH
• Exercise * psychology   physiology   MeSH
• Quality of Life * psychology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Sedentary Behavior MeSH
• Sleep physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

BACKGROUND: The development of child's lifestyle occurs within regular 24-hour movement patterns under the guidance of parents. Accelerometer-based monitoring allows for the capture of these 24-hour movement patterns of behaviour. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal whether active participation in organised physical activity (OPA) contributed to the achievement of the World Health Organization's (WHO) 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines (24-hMBGS) among 3-10-year-old children, considering the influence of parents' movement behaviour and families' material background. METHODS: The 24-hour movement behaviour (24-hMB) of 348 child-parent pairs (with at least one parent) was continuously monitored for 7 days via ActiGraph accelerometers placed on the non-dominant wrist. Children's adherence to the WHO's 24-hMBGS was analysed using logistic regression analysis. The socioeconomic status (SES) of families was measured using the Family Affluence Scale. Body mass level was determined according to body mass index gender- and age-specific WHO reference data. Univariate analysis of variance/Pearson's chi-square test was used to test differences in sedentary behaviour duration/excess body weight between active participants and non-participants in OPA. RESULTS: Active 3-10-year-old participants in OPA, compared to non-participants, were significantly more likely to meet at least two of the 24-hMBGS (77.7% vs. 66.4%, p = 0.008), had significantly shorter daily sedentary time (by 30 min per day, p = 0.001), and a significantly lower prevalence of excessive body weight (10.26% vs. 24.87% p < 0.001). Engaging in OPA significantly (p < 0.01) helped 3-10-year-old children achieve at least two of the 24-hMBGS, regardless of their gender, age, excess body weight, or family SES. In addition, a mother's non-excessive body weight and achievement of at least two of the WHO's 24-hMBGS significantly (p < 0.05) contributed to children attaining at least two of the WHO's 24-hMBGS. CONCLUSIONS: Even in young children, active participation in OPA tend to contribute to a healthier lifestyle profile, characterised by shorter sedentary behaviour and lower excess body weight, with a significant influence from the mother's movement behaviour.

• MeSH
• Accelerometry MeSH
• Exercise * MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Parents MeSH
• Sedentary Behavior * MeSH
• Guidelines as Topic * MeSH
• Sleep MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Studie RELIEF byla mezinárodní, observační, prospektivní a neintervenční, zahrnovala Českou republiku, Bosnu a Hercegovinu, Srbsko, Severní Makedonii a Chorvatsko. Bylo do ní zařazeno 4 496 pacientů ve 328 centrech. Cílem bylo sledovat pacienty s bolestí vyžadující léčbu NSAID a/nebo lékem tramadol/paracetamol a zároveň zhodnotit přítomnost rizikových faktorů ovlivňujících volbu analgetické terapie. Tento článek se zaměřuje na data z České republiky. Cíl práce. Hlavním cílem studie bylo zjistit, zda a jak určují volbu analgetické léčby (NSAID a/nebo kombinací tramadol/paracetamol) pro pacienta specifické rizikové faktory (gastrointestinální, kardiovaskulární, renální a jaterní), intenzita, typ a trvání bolesti. Navíc se studie zaměřila na vliv bolesti a vliv odpovídající zvolené léčby na kvalitu pacientova života (mobilitu, běžné aktivity, společenský život, spánek a náladu). Metodika. V ČR bylo do studie zařazeno 570 pacientů (43 % mužů, 57 % žen, průměrný věk 62,1 ± 15,4 let). Akutní bolest (< 3 měsíce) mělo 37,5 % pacientů, chronickou (> 3 měsíce) 62,5 %. Údaje byly sbírány ve dvou časových bodech, druhý sběr proběhl po 12 ± 2 týdnech. Výsledky. Při 1. sběru dat bylo 78,2 % pacientů již léčeno analgetiky, nejčastěji ibuprofenem (22,2 %), tramadolem/paracetamolem (20,6 %) a diklofenakem (13,0 %). Rizikové faktory mělo 62,5 % pacientů, nejčastěji kardiovaskulární (57,2 %), což odpovídá obecně uváděným statistikám v populaci. Průměrná intenzita bolesti na VAS byla 64,4 ± 16,1 mm. Po 12 týdnech bylo 86,4 % pacientů s léčbou spokojeno; lékaři vyhodnotili zlepšení u 74,6 % pacientů. Nežádoucí účinky se vyskytly u 1,1 % pacientů. Závěr. Studie ukázala vysoký podíl pacientů s chronickou bolestí a časté užívání NSAID a kombinace léků tramadol/paracetamol. Po 12 týdnech léčby byla zaznamenána vysoká míra spokojenosti a klinického zlepšení. Zároveň bylo potvrzeno, že významná část pacientů měla kardiovaskulární nebo jiné rizikové faktory, což podtrhuje nutnost pečlivého individuálního zvažování analgetické terapie s ohledem na bezpečnost a optimalizaci léčby.

RELIEF study was an international, observational, prospective, and non-interventional study conducted in the Czech Republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Croatia. A total of 4.496 patients from 328 centers were included. The study aimed to monitor patients with pain requiring treatment with NSAIDs and/or tramadol/paracetamol while also assessing the presence of risk factors influencing analgesic therapy selection. This article focuses on data from the Czech Republic. Major statement. The main study objective is to find out if and how patient-specific risk factors (gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, renal and hepatic), intensity, type and duration of pain determine the choice of analgesic treatment, such as NSAIDs and/or tramadol/paracetamol combination. Additionally, we will also focus on the influence of pain and corresponding treatment choices on quality of life (mobility, usual life, social life, sleep and mood). Methods. In the Czech Republic, 570 patients were enrolled (43% men, 57% women, mean age 62.1 ± 15.4 years). Acute pain (<3 months) was reported in 37.5% of patients, while 62.5% suffered from chronic pain (>3 months). Data were collected at two time points, with the second collection occurring after 12 ± 2 weeks. Results. At the first data collection, 78.2 % of patients were already receiving analgesic treatment, most commonly ibuprofen (22.2 %), tramadol/paraceta- mol (20.6 %), and diclofenac (13.0 %). Risk factors were present in 62.5 % of patients, most frequently cardiovascular (57.2 %), which aligns with general population statistics. The average pain intensity on the VAS scale was 64.4 ± 16.1 mm. After 12 weeks, 86.4 % of patients were satisfied with their treatment, and physicians reported improvement in 74.6 % of cases. Adverse effects were observed in 1.1 % of patients. Conclusion. The study highlighted a high prevalence of chronic pain and frequent use of NSAIDs and the tramadol/paracetamol combination. After 12 weeks of treatment, a high level of patient satisfaction and clinical improvement was observed. Additionally, asignificant proportion of patients had cardiovascular or other risk factors, emphasizing the need for careful, individualized consideration of analgesic therapy to ensure both safety and treatment optimizati

• Keywords
• studie RELIEF,
• MeSH
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use   MeSH
• Pain * drug therapy   MeSH
• Drug Therapy, Combination MeSH
• Quality of Life MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pain Measurement MeSH
• Analgesics, Non-Narcotic MeSH
• Analgesics, Opioid MeSH
• Acetaminophen therapeutic use   MeSH
• Observational Studies as Topic MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Tramadol therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

A potential association of endogenous circadian rhythm disruption with risk of cancer development has been suggested, however, epidemiological evidence for the association of sleep traits with colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited and often contradictory. Here we investigated whether genetically predicted chronotype, insomnia and sleep duration are associated with CRC risk in males, females and overall and according to CRC anatomical subsites using Mendelian randomization (MR). The two-sample inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was applied using summary-level data in up to 58,221 CRC cases and 67,694 controls and genome-wide association data of genetic variants for self-reported sleep traits. Secondary analyses using alternative instruments and sensitivity analyses assessing potential violations of MR assumptions were conducted. Genetically predicted morning preference was associated with 13% lower risk of CRC in men (ORIVW = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97, P = 0.01), but not in women or in both sexes combined. Τhis association remained consistent in some, but not all, sensitivity analyses and was very similar for colon and rectal cancer. There was no evidence of an association for any other sleep trait. Overall, this study provides little to no evidence of an association between genetically predicted sleep traits and CRC risk.

• MeSH
• Genome-Wide Association Study MeSH
• Circadian Rhythm genetics   MeSH
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease MeSH
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
• Colorectal Neoplasms * genetics   epidemiology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Mendelian Randomization Analysis * MeSH
• Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders genetics   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Sleep * genetics   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Anticipating clinical transitions in bipolar disorder (BD) is essential for the development of clinically actionable predictions. Our aim was to determine what is the earliest indicator of the onset of depressive symptoms in BD. We hypothesized that changes in activity would be the earliest indicator of future depressive symptoms. The study was a prospective, observational, contactless study. Participants were 127 outpatients with a primary diagnosis of BD, followed up for 12.6 (5.7) [(mean (SD)] months. They wore a smart ring continuously, which monitored their daily activity and sleep parameters. Participants were also asked to complete weekly self-ratings using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale (ASRS) scales. Primary outcome measures were depressive symptom onset detection metrics (i.e., accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity); and detection delay (in days), compared between self-rating scales and wearable data. Depressive symptoms were labeled as two or more consecutive weeks of total PHQ-9 > 10, and data-driven symptom onsets were detected using time-frequency spectral derivative spike detection (TF-SD2). Our results showed that day-to-day variability in the number of steps anticipated the onset of depressive symptoms 7.0 (9.0) (median (IQR)) days before they occurred, significantly earlier than the early prediction window provided by deep sleep duration (median (IQR), 4.0 (5.0) days; p <.05). Taken together, our results demonstrate that changes in activity were the earliest indicator of depressive symptoms in participants with BD. Transition to dynamic representations of behavioral phenomena in psychiatry may facilitate episode forecasting and individualized preventive interventions.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with a higher incidence of various non-infectious diseases. However, not only air pollution, but also other risk factors, such as lifestyle, can play a role in the occurrence of these diseases or premature deaths from them. The study aimed to compare the lifestyle of residents of two differently air polluted regions and to determine how lifestyle is affected by socioeconomic variables. METHODS: In the framework of the project Healthy Aging in Industrial Environments, two cohorts of persons from an industrial area and a control area were established. The cohorts consisted of individuals aged 35 to 65 years. Lifestyle factors included diet, BMI, alcohol and cigarette consumption, duration of sleep, physical activity, and time spent doing hobbies. Influencing factors included region, sex, age, education, family status, and economic situation. Fully adjusted binary and ordinal logistic regression models were used for evaluation, and the output was the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The effect of more air polluted industrial region was related to higher BMI (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.08-1.4) and physical activity (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.13-1.51) and surprisingly to lower smoking level (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.99). CONCLUSION: The results of our study are useful in targeting public health strategies and intervention programs to specific populations, and the results will be share with public awareness groups that focus on prevention and the physiological aspects of physical activity.

• MeSH
• Exercise MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Body Mass Index MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Industry * statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
• Environmental Exposure * adverse effects   MeSH
• Life Style * MeSH
• Air Pollution * adverse effects   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Sleep is essential for proper function of the mind and body. Studies report the effect of sleep problems on cognition but focus on only a single or limited number of sleep indicators or on clinical populations (e.g., sleep apnea), and/or provide only cross-sectional results. This study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between multidimensional assessment of sleep health and cognitive function. METHODS: 3398 adults (Mage=56years) provided self-reported sleep and objective cognitive data for the Midlife in the United States study. A subsample of 2119 participants also provided sleep and cognitive data at follow-up approximately 9years later. A multidimensional, composite measure of sleep health composed of regularity, satisfaction, alertness, efficiency, and duration based on the Ru-SATED model was utilized (higher score=better sleep health) to evaluate self-reported sleep, and cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone. RESULTS: Cross-sectionally, better sleep health was associated with better cognition (B=0.121, SE=0.017, p<.001). This relationship remained significant even after adjusting for sociodemographic and health covariates (B=0.039, SE=0.014, p=.006). Longitudinally, improvement in sleep health from baseline to follow-up was associated with better cognitive performance at follow-up (B=0.031, SE=0.011, p=.004); however, this relationship did not remain significant after adjusting for covariates (B=0.015, p=.139). CONCLUSION: Findings suggest better sleep health measured across multiple domains is associated with higher cognitive function. Future studies may want to examine potential mechanisms by which better sleep health relates to better cognitive function over time, such as reduction in stress or inflammation.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Cognition * physiology   MeSH
• Sleep Quality * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
• Sleep * physiology   MeSH
• Self Report MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• United States MeSH