INTRODUCTION: Initiation of class III anti-arrhythmic medications requires telemetric monitoring for ventricular arrhythmias and QT prolongation to reduce the risk of torsades de pointes (TdP). Heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) is an indicator of risk, however it is imperfect, and subtle abnormalities of repolarization have been linked with arrhythmogenesis. PURPOSE: Identification of electrocardiographic predictors of torsadogenic risk through the application of a novel T wave analysis tool. METHODS: Among all patients admitted to Mayo Clinic for initiation of dofetilide or sotalol, we identified 13 cases who developed drug-induced TdP and 26 age and sex matched controls that did not develop TdP. The immediate pre-TdP ECG of those with TdP was compared to the last ECG performed prior to hospital discharge in controls using a novel T wave program that quantified subtle changes in T wave morphology. RESULTS: The QTc and 12 T wave parameters successfully distinguished TdP cases from controls. The top performing parameters were the QTc in lead V3 (mean case vs control 480 vs 420 msec, p < 0.001, r = 0.72) and T wave right slope in lead I (mean case vs control -840.29 vs -1668.71 mV/s, p = 0.002, r = 0.45). The addition of T wave right slope to QTc improved prediction accuracy from 79 to 88 %. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that, in addition to QTc, the T wave right slope is correlated strongly with TdP risk. This suggests that a computer-based repolarization measurement tool that integrates additional data beyond the QTc may identify patients with the greatest torsadogenic potential.

• MeSH
• antiarytmika škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• elektrokardiografie metody   MeSH
• fenethylaminy škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• software * MeSH
• sotalol škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• sulfonamidy škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• torsades de pointes chemicky indukované   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• populace MeSH
• programy národního zdraví MeSH
• vládní programy MeSH
• zdraví MeSH
• zdravotní politika MeSH
• Publikační typ
• vládní publikace MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví

Pozdní následky infekčních onemocnění, označované jako pozdní infekční syndrom, představují déletrvající a také výraznější zdravotní problémy, které se mohou vyskytnout po akutní virové, bakteriální nebo parazitární infekci. Jako jeden z klíčových konceptů pro pochopení těchto dlouhodobých efektů se jeví trénovaná imunita, spojená s funkčním přeprogramováním vrozených imunitních buněk prostřednictvím epigenetického a metabolického přepojení. Trvání trénovaných imunitních reakcí se liší v závislosti na povaze podnětu a intenzitě vyvolané imunitní odpovědi. Její nadměrná aktivace zvyšuje riziko autoinflamatorních a autoimunitních poruch, neurodegenerativních syndromů, aterosklerózy a kardiovaskulárních onemocnění, naproti tomu potlačení efektorových funkcí imunitních buněk vede k postinfekční imunitní paralýze.

The late consequences of infectious diseases, referred to as post-acute infection, represent longer-lasting and more pronounced health problems that can occur after an acute viral, bacterial or parasitic infection. A key concept for understanding these long-term effects appears to be trained immunity, associated with functional reprogramming of innate immune cells through epigenetic and metabolic rewiring. The duration of trained immune responses varies depending on the nature of the stimulus and the intensity of the immune response elicited. Its excessive activation increases the risk of autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative syndromes, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, while suppression of the effector functions of immune cells leads to post-infectious immune paralysis.

• MeSH
• infekční nemoci * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické přeprogramování MeSH
• trénovaná imunita * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

The primary methamphetamine / amphetamine admission rate for the United States increased by 127% between 1995 and 2005, from 30 per 100,000 population aged 12 and over, to 68 per 100,000, based on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) T reatment Episode Data Set (TEDS). Methamphetamine treatment admissions, focused in the Pacific and Mountain States early on, have recently shown a steady increase in the Central and Eastern US. More recent data show that in 2006, 8.6% of the 1,800,717 total admissions to TEDS (or 155,643) were primary methampheta- mine admissions. Male clients comprised 54.2 percent of methamphetamine admissions (68.2% of all treatment admissions). Female clients account for 45.8% of methamphetamine admissions (31.8 percent of all treatment admissions). Under the Services Accountability Improvement System (SAIS), of those clients admitted to substance abuse treatment supported by SAMHSA's CSAT discretionary grants program from October 2004 through March 2008, 3,373 clients admitted to using methamphetamine at intake. Clients in treatment substantially decreased methamphetamine use (81.9%) between intake and six months post-intake. Methamphetamine-users also showed the greatest improvement in employment/education status (82.4%). In summary, SAIS data reveal that treatment can provide positive outcomes. In addition to monitoring epidemiology changes and treatment outcomes, other US Federal efforts include identifying and disseminating effective treatment protocols for methamphetamine, the development of an interagency workgroup between SAMHSA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to address the intersection of methamphetamine use and the transmission of infectious diseases, and the upcoming submit Methamphetamine: The National Summit to Promote Public Health, Par tnerships, and Safety for Critically Affected Populations. This event will bring in State Teams to develop actions plans that address local methamphetamine problems. A National Federal Action Plan for Methamphetamine will also be developed by the multiple Federal agencies participating. Dr. Edwin Craft is the Lead GPO and Activities Coordinator for Methamphetamine at the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). During his service with SAMHSA, Dr. Craft has as headed the SAMHSA Office on AIDS; provided leadership for the legislative, policy, planning, and evaluation functions at CSAT; and headed up the Critical Populations Demonstration Program. From 1996 to 2004, Dr. Craft's efforts focused on the translating science to service arena, where development of community-specific treatment practices and tools was the focus. He also provided leadership for development of the publication A Provider's Introduction to Substance Abuse Treatment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Individuals and the recently released accompanying training curriculum. Dr. Craft is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, and helped establish legislation to regulate the profession of counseling in the State of Maryland. Dr. Craft has held state and national offices with the American Counseling Association and the American Mental Health Counselors Association. He is the current Vice-President for Interdisciplinary Affairs of the US Gay and Lesbian Medical Association.

• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH

The radiosensitizing potential of Plumbagin (PLB) against chemo- and radioresistant B16F1 melanoma cells growing in vitro was investigated. Clonogenic assay revealed a sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) of 1.5 for PLB treatment in combination with radiation. PLB pretreatment for 1 h prior to radiation resulted in elevated intracellular ROS levels compared to the group treated with radiation alone. Alkaline comet assay analysis revealed PLB's potential to enhance the radiation induced DNA damage. Cell cycle studies have shown enhanced G2/M arrest for combination treatment of PLB with radiation. Cell death exerted by PLB combination was mainly through programmed cell death, involving the depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in the expression of p53, Bax, Cytochrome c, PARP and Caspase 3 cleavage. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the radiosensitizing potential of PLB to inhibit the growth of melanoma cells in vitro, which may be attributed to the oxidative stress and DNA damage leading to enhanced mitochondria-mediated programmed cell death. Also, this study demonstrate the ability of PLB to augment ionizing radiation induced tumor cell kill which further warrant the avenue for the development of a clinically useful radiosensitizer.

• Klíčová slova
• plumbagin,
• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická MeSH
• apoptóza * MeSH
• chemoradioterapie * MeSH
• chemorezistence MeSH
• cytochromy c MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
• intracelulární membrány MeSH
• kaspasa 3 MeSH
• melanom * terapie   MeSH
• mitochondriální membrány * MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 MeSH
• naftochinony * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• PARP inhibitory MeSH
• Plumbaginaceae MeSH
• poškození DNA MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 MeSH
• radiosenzibilizující látky MeSH
• superoxidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cells of pre-implantation embryos are equipped with many morphological and functional systems through which they can synthesize specific proteins and effectively ensure the protection of early embryonic development. Here we present evidence for the existence of these systems in morphologically normal and abnormal bovine blastocyst stage embryos in vivo at the ultrastructural and actin cytoskeleton levels. The appearance of organelles in the trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cells, responsible for their synthetic activities and their role in the development of early bovine embryos are described. We point out the importance of endocytic processes and the participation of extracellular vesicles in the formation of intercellular contacts and homeostasis of the embryo microenvironment. Several changes in the ultrastructural morphology of embryos produced by different methods (ICSI, parthenogenetic AC/DC electrical activation, IVF with separated sperm) and freezing/thawed embryos are described. We also show alterations occurred in the organelles after viral contamination of embryos with BHV-1 and BVDV viruses, and in embryos from over-conditioned cows. Recorded changes in organelles and appearance of cellular autophagic structures (vesicles, multivesicular bodies and autophagolysosomes) may negatively affect embryo metabolism and lead to the emergence of pathological processes in TE and ICM cells of preimplantation embryos.

• MeSH
• blastocysta fyziologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• embryonální vývoj * fyziologie   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• sperma * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Phylogenomic analyses of hundreds of protein-coding genes aimed at resolving phylogenetic relationships is now a common practice. However, no software currently exists that includes tools for dataset construction and subsequent analysis with diverse validation strategies to assess robustness. Furthermore, there are no publicly available high-quality curated databases designed to assess deep (>100 million years) relationships in the tree of eukaryotes. To address these issues, we developed an easy-to-use software package, PhyloFisher (https://github.com/TheBrownLab/PhyloFisher), written in Python 3. PhyloFisher includes a manually curated database of 240 protein-coding genes from 304 eukaryotic taxa covering known eukaryotic diversity, a novel tool for ortholog selection, and utilities that will perform diverse analyses required by state-of-the-art phylogenomic investigations. Through phylogenetic reconstructions of the tree of eukaryotes and of the Saccharomycetaceae clade of budding yeasts, we demonstrate the utility of the PhyloFisher workflow and the provided starting database to address phylogenetic questions across a large range of evolutionary time points for diverse groups of organisms. We also demonstrate that undetected paralogy can remain in phylogenomic "single-copy orthogroup" datasets constructed using widely accepted methods such as all vs. all BLAST searches followed by Markov Cluster Algorithm (MCL) clustering and application of automated tree pruning algorithms. Finally, we show how the PhyloFisher workflow helps detect inadvertent paralog inclusions, allowing the user to make more informed decisions regarding orthology assignments, leading to a more accurate final dataset.

• MeSH
• Eukaryota genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• software * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

• MeSH
• disparity zdravotního stavu MeSH
• dostupnost zdravotnických služeb MeSH
• ekonomika a organizace zdravotní péče MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• veřejné zdravotnictví MeSH
• zdravotní politika MeSH
• zdravotnické plánování MeSH
• Publikační typ
• zprávy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders, with type 2 DM being the most common form. It ranks as the sixth-leading cause of death worldwide, yet medication adherence and self-care remain low. Given that knowledge significantly influences these outcomes, this paper aims to evaluate the effect of mobile phone-assisted health education programs on patients with type 2 DM. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost, employing keywords relevant to the research topic. The research question was structured using the PICOS framework: (1) Population: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) Intervention: health education via mobile phone; (3) Comparison: conventional health education; (4) Outcome: diabetes self-management, glycemic control, and medication adherence; (5) Study design: randomized controlled trials. Results: The search identified approximately 678 articles discussing health education interventions using mobile phones. After a thorough screening process, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that mobile phone-based education interventions can enhance adherence to diabetes self-management, improve glycemic control, and positively impact clinical parameters such as lipid levels, body mass index, blood pressure, and medication adherence. Conclusion: Health education interventions delivered by healthcare professionals through mobile phones can significantly improve self-care management and prevent complications in patients with type 2 diabetes who maintain controlled blood glucose levels.

• MeSH
• adherence pacienta MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• self-management MeSH
• telemedicína MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• systematický přehled MeSH

The N-PATH (Nephrology Partnership for Advancing Technology in Healthcare) program concluded with the 60th European Renal Association 2023 Congress in Milan, Italy. This collaborative initiative aimed to provide advanced training in interventional nephrology to young European nephrologists. Funded by Erasmus+ Knowledge Alliance, N-PATH addressed the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the shortage of nephrologists. CKD affects >850 million people worldwide, yet nephrology struggles to attract medical talent, leading to unfilled positions in residency programs. To address this, N-PATH focused on enhancing nephrology education through four specialized modules: renal expert in renal pathology (ReMAP), renal expert in vascular access (ReVAC), renal expert in medical ultrasound (ReMUS) and renal expert in peritoneal dialysis (RePED). ReMAP emphasized the importance of kidney biopsy in nephrology diagnosis and treatment, providing theoretical knowledge and hands-on training. ReVAC centred on vascular access in haemodialysis, teaching trainees about different access types, placement techniques and managing complications. ReMUS recognized the significance of ultrasound in nephrology, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and preparing nephrologists for comprehensive patient care. RePED addressed chronic peritoneal dialysis, offering comprehensive training in patient selection, prescription, monitoring, complications and surgical techniques for catheter insertion. Overall, N-PATH's strategy involved collaborative networks, hands-on training, mentorship, an interdisciplinary approach and the integration of emerging technologies. By bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills, N-PATH aimed to revitalize interest in nephrology and prepare proficient nephrologists to tackle the challenges of kidney diseases. In conclusion, the N-PATH program aimed to address the shortage of nephrologists and improve the quality of nephrology care in Europe. By providing specialized training, fostering collaboration and promoting patient-centred care, N-PATH aimed to inspire future nephrology professionals to meet the growing healthcare demands related to kidney diseases and elevate the specialty's status within the medical community.

• Publikační typ
• úvodníky MeSH