INTRODUCTION: The standard procedure in cervical cancer is radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND). Because of the increasing age of women bearing children, fertility has become a major challenge. We present pregnancy results after less radical fertility-sparing surgery in women with IA1, LVSI positive, IA2 and IB1 (<2 cm, infiltration less than half of the cervical stroma). MATERIALS AND METHOD: All women (n = 91) underwent laparoscopic sentinel lymph node mapping with frozen section followed by PLND and "selective parametrectomy" (removal of afferent lymphatic channels from the paracervix) if sentinel nodes (SLN) are negative. If lymph nodes were verified negative by definitive histopathology, patients were treated by simple trachelectomy (IB1) or large cone (IA1/IA2) biopsy 1 week after primary surgery. RESULTS: From 1999 to 2018, 91 women were enrolled in the study (median age 29.1 years, range 21-40). Fertility was spared in 76 (83.5%) women; 13 (17.1%) women did not plan future pregnancy and 63 (82.9%) had pregnancy desires. Fifty-four of 63 women conceived (pregnancy rate 85.7%) and 48 of 63 delivered 58 babies (delivery rate 76.2%). Thirty-nine women delivered in term (67.2%): 13 women between 32 and 36 + 6 weeks of pregnancy, 3 between 28 and 31 + 6 weeks and 3 between 24 and 27 + 6 weeks. Only one woman still plans pregnancy. One woman is currently pregnant. CONCLUSION: The goal of fertility-sparing surgery is to produce good oncological results and promising pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy results after less radical fertility-sparing procedures show promise (pregnancy rate 82.9% and delivery rate 76.2%).
- MeSH
- cervix uteri patologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fertilita MeSH
- hysterektomie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- výsledek těhotenství * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- choriokarcinom klasifikace terapie MeSH
- gestační trofoblastická nemoc * diagnóza klasifikace terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management nemoci MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Interní grantové agentury MZ ČR
1 svazek : ilustrace, tabuky ; 30 cm
Současné znalosti o patogenezi kondylomat, prekanceróz a karcinomů vulvy vedly k změně klasifikace prekanceróz. Projekt si klade za cíle vytvořit diagnosticko – terapeutické algoritmy pro jednotlivé jednotky, rozšířit znalosti o prediktivních faktorech. Projekt plánuje korelovat HPV profily lézí s histologickou charakteristikou, s důrazem na rozlišení morfologických znaků HPV pozitivních a HPV negativních. HPV profily budou korelovány s expresí imunohistochemických markerů, především pl6INK4a (p16). Dále bude vyhodnocen diagnostický přínos protilátek proti minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), DNA topoisomeráze II alfa (TOP IIA), cyclinu E a ProExC (směs protilátek proti MCM2 a TOP IIA). Cílem je dosáhnout zvýšení specificity a senzitivity histopatologického vyšetření a tím nově optimalizovat diagnosticko–terapeutické algoritmy.; Current knowledge about pathogenesis of vulvar lesions including genital warts, precancerous lesions, vulvar cancer has led to an update of classification of precancerous lesions. The aim is to find optimal algorithms for each entity and to enhance our knowledge on predictive factors which can be used for clinical praxis. In this project we plan to correlate HPV profiles of lesions with histopathological characteristics especially morphological diagnostic sings of HPV positive and HPV negative lesions. HPV profiles will be correlated with expression of immunohistochemical markers, mainly p161NK4a(p16). Another predictive factors will be assessed including minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), DNA topoisomerase II Alfa (TOP IIA), cycline E and ProExC (mixture of antibodies against MCM2 and TOP IIA). When combined the predictive factors could improve sensitivity and specificity of histopathological examination. Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms should be clinical outcome of the project.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- cyklin E analýza MeSH
- imunohistochemie metody využití MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- inhibitory topoisomerasy II analýza MeSH
- karcinom diagnóza terapie MeSH
- kondylomata akuminata diagnóza terapie MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lymfadenektomie MeSH
- MCM proteiny analýza antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- mortalita MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery analýza MeSH
- nádory vulvy diagnóza terapie MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prekancerózy diagnóza terapie MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- ženy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Gynekologie. Porodnictví
- NLK Obory
- gynekologie a porodnictví
- onkologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR
The number of patients given neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by fertility-sparing surgery in cervical cancer is still scarce. Only a few centres perform these procedures, and thus, such procedures remain largely in the experimental stage. Patients that do not fulfil the criteria for standard fertility-sparing procedure can be included in studies with NAC followed by fertility-sparing procedure. We must consider that both oncological and pregnancy outcomes are important. Patients with only microscopic disease after NAC are apparently the best candidates for fertility-sparing surgery. Current data are not sufficient to identify the optimal procedure after NAC [abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) or vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) or simple trachelectomy]. Some evidence suggests that pregnancy outcome is better after simple trachelectomy as compared with VRT or ART. Long-term results regarding oncological outcome for this concept are still lacking. Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with histopathological risk factors (lymphovascular space involvement (LVSI), macroscopic residual disease) would decrease a risk of recurrence.
- MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gynekologické chirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru prevence a kontrola MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku patologie chirurgie MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie metody MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití MeSH
- spinocelulární karcinom patologie chirurgie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- výsledek těhotenství MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zachování plodnosti metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: 28 women under 35years with early-stage cervical cancer and strong desire for fertility preservation that do not fulfil standard criteria for fertility-sparing surgery (tumour larger than 2cm or with deep of infiltration more than half of stroma) were included in prospective study. METHODS: Dose-dense neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was performed on all 28 patients in 10-day intervals: cisplatin plus ifosfamide in squamous cell cancer (15 women-53.6%) or cisplatin plus doxorubicin in adenocarcinoma (13 women-46.3%). Patients underwent laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and vaginal simple trachelectomy after NAC. Patients with positive lymph nodes or inadequate free surgical margins underwent radical hysterectomy. RESULTS: No residual disease was found in 6 women (21.4%), microscopic disease was observed in 11 women (39.3%) and macroscopic tumour in was observed in 11 women (39.3%). Ten women (35.7%) lost fertility. Four women (20%) after fertility-sparing surgery recurred, two died of the disease (10%). Fertility was spared in 20 (71.4%) women and 10 of them became pregnant (50%). Eight women delivered ten babies (6 term and four preterm deliveries). There were two miscarriages in second trimester (in one woman) and one in first trimester. One woman underwent four unsuccessful cycles of IVF, one failed to become pregnant and one recurred too early. Two women underwent chemoradiotherapy for recurrence and lost chance for pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Downstaging by NAC in IB1 and IB2 cervical cancer before fertility-sparing surgery is still an experimental procedure, but shows some promise. Long-term results in relation to oncological outcome for this concept are still needed.
- MeSH
- adenokarcinom farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- cervix uteri patologie chirurgie MeSH
- cisplatina aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- doxorubicin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- hysterektomie MeSH
- ifosfamid aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- léčba šetřící orgány metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie metody MeSH
- porod v termínu MeSH
- předčasný porod epidemiologie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití MeSH
- reziduální nádor MeSH
- samovolný potrat epidemiologie MeSH
- spinocelulární karcinom farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- výsledek těhotenství epidemiologie MeSH
- zachování plodnosti metody MeSH
- ženská infertilita epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC) is generally favorable, while lymph node status remains the most important prognostic factor. Sentinel lymph node mapping (SLNM) could help to find women in whom adjuvant therapy could be omitted. This review analyzes different techniques of injection and histopathologic elaboration of SLNM in EC. Results of studies on SLNM in ECs seem to be promising, but only a small series have been published so far. The studies are subdivided into three groups by the technique of injection (hysteroscopic, subserosal and cervical). Range of detection rate for SLNM varies from 45 to 100%. Hysteroscopic injection is not easy to learn; moreover, exact peritumoral injection in large tumors is often impossible. Subserosal administration of tracer is difficult during laparoscopic or robotic surgery. Cervical injection is quite a controversial technique because distribution of SLNs in ECs is different from cervical cancer; moreover, there is no large study using cervical injection with systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy.
- MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny metody MeSH
- hysteroskopie metody MeSH
- laparoskopie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie metody MeSH
- lymfatické metastázy MeSH
- nádory endometria diagnóza patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- robotika MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The endpoint of this prospective study is to evaluate response rate, survival and toxicity of high-dose density neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in bulky IB cervical cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2009, 154 women were enrolled into study. Three patients were withdrawn. Of the 151 women, 119 had stage IB2 cervical cancer (78.8%) and 32 had stage IB1 cancer (21.2%) infiltrating the whole cervical stroma. Women received 3-4cycle cisplatin-75mg/m(2) and ifosfamide-2g/m(2) in cases of squamous-cell cancer or cisplatin-75mg/m(2) and doxorubicin-35mg/m(2) in adenocarcinoma every 10days and then underwent radical hysterectomy type III. Patients who had non-resectable disease underwent chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The overall response rate (reduction of tumor volume more than 50%) was 78.8%. Reduction of tumor volume less than 50% was seen in 15.2%. Tumor progression during chemotherapy occurred in nine patients (6.0%). There were positive lymph-nodes in 26 patients (18.3%) of the 142 that underwent surgery. 38 women underwent adjuvant radiotherapy (26.7%). There were 26 recurrences (17.2%). After surgery 20 women recurred from 142 (14.1%) and after primary radiotherapy 6 from 9 women recurred (66.7%). 25 of 151 women died from disease (16.5%). At the time of the study, surgery was performed in 118 women 5 or more years ago, 19 of them died of disease. Five-year specific survival is 83.6%. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was found in only 7.3% of the women, and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia were found in 1.3%. CONCLUSION: High-dose density NAC appears to be feasible in the treatment IB bulky cervical cancer and toxicity is acceptable. Adjuvant radiotherapy was used only in 26.7%.
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku farmakoterapie mortalita patologie MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Přehledový článek prezentuje aktuální možnosti fertilitu zachovávajících léčebných postupů v onkogynekologii. Tato problematika je velmi aktuální, a to zejména v České republice, kde se plánování těhotenství posunulo v posledních třech desetiletích do pozdějšího věku ženy. Ve věku do 40 let je v současné době nejvíce žen s gynekologickými nádory ve skupině karcinomů děložního hrdla, další skupinu tvoří zhoubné nádory ovarií, méně často se vyskytují zhoubné nádory děložního těla (karcinomy endometria), maligní formy gestační trofoblastické nemoci a nejméně karcinomy vulvy. Zejména u mladých dívek se v ženských reprodukčních orgánech mohou vyskytovat i raritní nádory (rabdomyosarkom dělohy nebo pochvy, sarkomy měkkých tkání vulvy, dělohy nebo melanomy vulvy, pochvy). Rozhodnutí o provedení fertilitu zachovávajících terapeutických postupů musí vždy předcházet týmová rozvaha odborníků řady specializací, ve které má onkogynekolog vedoucí postavení. Velmi důležitá je však i role zkušeného klinického onkologa, histopatologa, radioterapeuta a specializovaného radiodiagnostika. Klíčovou roli o definitivní volbě postupu má však dobře informovaná klientka, v případě jejího souhlasu i její blízcí a u nezletilých zákonní zástupci. V článku je popsán přehled dnes nejužívanějších fertilitu zachovávajících postupů u pacientek s gynekologickými zhoubnými nádory.
This review article presents the currently available options in the field of fertility-preserving therapeutic methods in oncology. The issue is pertinent especially in the Czech Republic, where the recent trends in parenthood planning have lead to pregnancies often being postponed to later ages than was previously seen as usual. In the under-40 age group, the most commonly occurring gynaecological tumours belong to the cervical carcinomas group, other groups include malignant tumours of the ovaries; malignant tumours of the endometrium and malignant forms of the trophoblastic disease are encountered less often and carcinomas of the vulva are the least common type. Especially in young women, certain rare types of tumours can be found in the reproductive system (rhabdomyosarcomas in the uterus or vagina, sarcomas in the soft tissues of the vulva or the uterus, or melanomas in the vulva or vagina). Decisions about carrying out fertility-preserving therapeutic methods must always be preceded by team-based judgment involving specialists in various fields, in which an onco-gynaecologist should have the leading role. The roles of an experienced clinical oncologist, a histo-pathologist, a radiotherapist and a specialised radio-diagnostician are very important as well. The key part in ultimately deciding the course of action, however, has to be taken by the (ideally well-informed) patient herself, people close to her, if she so wishes, and if she is underage, then also her legal guardian. The article describes the most commonly applied fertilitypreserving therapeutic methods in patients with malignant gynaecologic tumours
- Klíčová slova
- gynekologické nádory, konzervativní operace,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dysplazie děložního hrdla chirurgie MeSH
- fertilita MeSH
- gestační trofoblastická nemoc epidemiologie chirurgie MeSH
- gynekologické chirurgické výkony metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie využití MeSH
- nádory dělohy epidemiologie chirurgie patologie MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku chirurgie klasifikace MeSH
- nádory vaječníků chirurgie patologie MeSH
- nádory vulvy chirurgie MeSH
- nádory ženských pohlavních orgánů chirurgie klasifikace MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie využití MeSH
- trachelektomie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in "bulky" and locally advanced cervical cancer has been of interest for the last 25 years, and in many countries, NAC has become the standard of care. In the present paper, we review our 10 years' experience with high-dose-density NAC in cervical cancer management in 141 women (CervNAC I protocol). High-dose-density neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical surgery has resulted in high clinical response rates and seems to be feasible in the management of stage IB bulky cervical cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces tumor volume and positivity of lymph nodes and thus minimizes the need for postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Tumor size reduction and node negativity allows less radical surgical procedures such as modified radical hysterectomy or nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy. Early and especially late toxicity of our high-dose density chemotherapy is acceptable. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery represents a valid alternative to primary chemoradiotherapy in young and sexually active patients. Five-year survival in patients who underwent surgery in our study was 80.6%. Currently, 3 papers with 3 approaches have been published on NAC before fertility-sparing surgery. One of the limitations of fertility-preserving surgery is deep stromal invasion and tumors larger than 2 cm. The idea underlying NAC is to reduce the size of the cervical tumor to preserve fertility. In the present paper, we also review our experience with high-dose-density NAC in fertility-sparing surgery in 15 women (LAP3-NAC protocol).
- MeSH
- adjuvantní chemoterapie MeSH
- fertilita MeSH
- hysterektomie MeSH
- karcinom farmakoterapie patologie chirurgie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku farmakoterapie patologie chirurgie MeSH
- neoadjuvantní terapie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH