PEUGIC (Post Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer) je karcinom v horní části gastrointestinálního traktu, kterému v době diagnózy předcházela v posledních 3 letech horní endoskopie, která tento karcinom neprokázala. Jeho incidence přímo souvisí s kvalitou horní endoskopie, a je tudíž parametrem, jehož sledováním můžeme kvalitu horní endoskopie hodnotit na jednotlivých endoskopických pracovištích. Dle dostupných dat představuje PEUGIC přibližně 10 % všech diagnostikovaných karcinomů horního GIT (gastrointestinálního traktu). Vyskytuje se častěji u žen, v nižším věku než běžné karcinomy a u pacientů s vyšší komorbiditou. Mezi nejčastější příčiny patří nedostatečná kvalita provádění endoskopie, nedostatečné posouzení prekancerózních stavů a ložiskových lézí při endoskopii a neadekvátní rozhodnutí stran další surveillance. V tomto článku se věnujeme epidemiologii PEUGIC, přehledu literatury a analýze hlavních příčin k němu vedoucích.
PEUGIC (Post Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer) is cancer in the upper gastrointestinal tract, which at the time of diagnosis was preceded by gastroscopy in the last 3 years, which did not show this cancer. Its incidence is directly related to the quality of performing upper endoscopy and is therefore a parameter that can be monitored to assess the quality of upper endoscopy at individual endoscopy units. According to available data, PEUGIC accounts for approximately 10 % of all diagnosed cancers of the upper GIT (gastrointestinal tract). It occurs more often in women, at a younger age than common cancers and in patients with higher comorbidities. The most common causes include insufficient quality of endoscopy, insufficient assessment of precancerous conditions and focal lesions during endoscopy and inadequate decisions about further surveillance. In this article, we address the epidemiology of PEUGIC, review the literature, and analyze the main causes leading to it.
- MeSH
- gastrointestinální endoskopie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory jícnu * diagnóza MeSH
- nádory žaludku * diagnóza MeSH
- opožděná diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
AIMS: The main objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity of abdominal ultrasonography (US) in patients with isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma and to compare the frequency of secondary signs on abdominal US and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in these tumours. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with histologically or cytologically verified isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma who underwent abdominal US, contrast-enhanced CT and EUS of the pancreas as part of the diagnostic workup were included in this retrospective study. The sensitivity of abdominal US in detecting the isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma was investigated and the frequency of secondary signs of isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma on abdominal US and EUS was compared. RESULTS: In 5 of 24 patients (21%) with isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma, a hypoechogenic pancreatic lesion was directly visualised on abdominal US. Secondary signs were present on US in 21 patients (88%). These included dilatation of the common bile duct and/or intrahepatic bile ducts in 19/24 (79%), dilatation of the pancreatic duct in 3/24 (13%), abnormal contour/inhomogeneity of the pancreas in 1/24 (4%), and atrophy of the distal parenchyma in 1/24 (4%). Pancreatic duct dilatation was observed more frequently on EUS than on abdominal US (P=0.002). For other secondary signs, there was no significant difference in their detection on abdominal US and EUS (P=0.61-1.00). CONCLUSION: Abdominal US is capable of detecting secondary signs of isoattenuating pancreatic carcinoma with high sensitivity and has the potential to directly visualise these tumours.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
AIMS: Sufficient visibility of the mucosa during upper endoscopy is crucial for successful diagnosis, especially for early neoplastic lesions. Data documenting the effect of administration of mucolytic solution prior to gastroscopy in order to improve mucosal visibility are limited in Europe. The aim of the study was to assess the score of mucosal visibility in the upper gastrointestinal tract after administration of the mucolytic solution defined by us. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a monocentric, double-blind, randomized study involving 134 patients indicated for diagnostic upper endoscopy. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three arms, with mucolytic solution (100 mL water + 400 mg N-acetylcysteine + 20 mg simethicone), without the solution , and with 100 mL pure water. During the examination, 11 photographs were taken in defined areas. The visibility score was given by the sum of the score 0-5 from 5 defined localities evaluated by a blinded endoscopist and subsequently by two blinded endoscopists. Other parameters monitored were examination time and a semiquantitative evaluation of residual gastric fluid. RESULTS: The basic characteristics of the group (sex, age, indications for examination) were comparable between arms. The visibility score was similar in all arms - 17.4 ± 1.9 vs. 17.0 ± 2.0 vs. 17.6 ± 1.8 (P=0.32). The examination time and the amount of residual fluid in the stomach were comparable in all arms. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of the mucolytic solution in our study did not increase the mucosal visibility score in the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02967094.
- MeSH
- acetylcystein MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- expektorancia * MeSH
- gastrointestinální endoskopie * MeSH
- gastroskopie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- voda MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to demonstrate that an administration of mucolytic solution with a maximum dose of simethicone and n -acetylcysteine before upper endoscopy improves mucosal visibility compared to a group without administration of mucolytic solution or water. METHODS: This study was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized into four groups, with the administration of 100 ml of water + 600 mg n -acetylcysteine + 400 mg simethicone, 100 ml of water + 400 mg n -acetylcysteine + 20 mg simethicone, 100 ml of water, and without any water or mucolytic solution. During the examination, a total of 10 images were taken in the defined areas. The overall visibility score was given by the sum of the 0-5 scores of the five areas and was assessed by the endoscopist performing the procedure and the blinded endoscopists using static images. RESULTS: A total of 129 patients were randomized. The group of patients did not differ in age, sex distribution, and indications significantly. The overall visibility score as assessed by the endoscopist performing the procedure was significantly higher in the group with the maximum dose of mucolytic solution compared to the group without solution or water (18.9 ± 2.9 vs. 16.6 ± 3.3, P = 0.023). This difference was not evident by the blinded evaluation of static photographs. CONCLUSION: Administration of mucolytic solution with a maximum dose of n -acetylcysteine and simethicone before upper endoscopy improved mucosal visibility in the upper gastrointestinal tract compared with the group without any preparation while evaluated by performing endoscopist.
- MeSH
- acetylcystein * MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- expektorancia * MeSH
- gastrointestinální endoskopie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- simethikon MeSH
- voda MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Karcinom z prstenčitých buněk (signet ring cell carcinoma – SRCC) je vzácný typ vysoce maligního adenokarcinomu, který produkuje mucin a postihuje převážně žaludek, vaječníky a tenké střevo. Primární lokalizace SRCC v tračníku je raritní a prognóza tohoto typu nádoru je vysoce nepříznivá. Prezentujeme kazuistiku 44leté ženy léčené pro Crohnovou chorobou od roku 2000 a poslední tři roky na biologické terapii ustekinumabem s rozvojem klinické, laboratorní a endoskopické remise. Pacientka byla v počátkem roku 2021 došetřována pro nově vzniklé pasážové obtíže, koloskopicky bylo zjištěno stenotické postižení tračníku (sigmatu) a z histologického vzorku verifikován primární kolorektální karcinom z prstenčitých buněk, který v tomto případě klinicky imitoval aktivitu Crohnovy choroby. Vzhledem k metastatickému charakteru postižení již v době diagnózy (játra, pobřišnice) a k přetrvávajícím symptomům poruchy střevní pasáže bylo přistoupeno k ileostomii jako definitivnímu chirurgickému řešení a byla zahájena paliativní chemoterapie. Prognóza pacientky byla infaustní a nemocná zemřela do 5 měsíců od stanovení diagnózy v hospicové péči.
Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare type of highly malignant adenocarcinoma that produces mucin and predominantly affects the stomach, ovaries, and the small intestine. Primary localisation in the colon is rare, and the prognosis of this type of adenocarcinoma is very poor. We present a case report of a 44-year-old woman who suffered from Crohn‘s disease beginning in the year 2000. During the last three years of her treatment, she was treated using biological therapy with ustekinumab. The treatment led to clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic remission. In February 2021, she had widely metastatic primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the colon, which mimicked the IBD activity in the case of her colon obstruction. Because of the extensive infiltration of her liver and peritoneum at the time of the diagnosis, in addition to the symptoms of the passage disorders she was experiencing, she proceeded with an end ileostomy and palliative treatment was started. The patient‘s prognosis was unfavourable, and she died within 5 months of the diagnosis in hospice care.
- MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- ileostomie MeSH
- karcinom z prstenčitých buněk * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- kolonoskopie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- paliativní péče MeSH
- stenóza diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- gastrointestinální nemoci diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- gastroskopie * metody normy MeSH
- kvalita zdravotní péče MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- terminologie jako téma MeSH
- zlepšení kvality MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
