BACKGROUND & AIMS: Despite strong evidence for improved preservation of donor livers by machine perfusion, longer post-transplant follow-up data are urgently needed in an unselected patient population. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes after transplantation of hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE)-treated donor livers based on real-world data (i.e., IDEAL-D stage 4). METHODS: In this international, multicentre, observational cohort study, we collected data from adult recipients of HOPE-treated livers transplanted between January 2012 and December 2021. Analyses were stratified by donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD), sub-divided by their respective risk categories. The primary outcome was death-censored graft survival. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of primary non-function (PNF) and ischaemic cholangiopathy (IC). RESULTS: We report on 1,202 liver transplantations (64% DBD) performed at 22 European centres. For DBD, a total number of 99 benchmark (8%), 176 standard (15%), and 493 extended-criteria (41%) cases were included. For DCD, 117 transplants were classified as low risk (10%), 186 as high risk (16%), and 131 as futile (11%), with significant risk profile variations among centres. Actuarial 1-, 3-, and 5-year death-censored graft survival rates for DBD and DCD livers were 95%, 92%, and 91%, vs. 92%, 87%, and 81%, respectively (log-rank p = 0.003). Within DBD and DCD strata, death-censored graft survival was similar among risk groups (log-rank p = 0.26, p = 0.99). Graft loss due to PNF or IC was 2.3% and 0.4% (DBD), and 5% and 4.1% (DCD). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows excellent 5-year survival after transplantation of HOPE-treated DBD and DCD livers with low rates of graft loss due to PNF or IC, irrespective of their individual risk profile. HOPE treatment has now reached IDEAL-D stage 4, which further supports its implementation in routine clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05520320. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates the excellent long-term performance of hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) treatment of donation after circulatory and donation after brain death liver grafts irrespective of their individual risk profile in a real-world setting, outside the evaluation of randomised-controlled trials. While previous studies have established safety, feasibility, and efficacy against the current standard, according to the IDEAL-D evaluation framework, HOPE treatment has now reached the final IDEAL-D stage 4, which further supports its implementation in routine clinical practice.
- MeSH
- dárci tkání statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- perfuze * metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- přežívání štěpu * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- terapeutická hypotermie metody MeSH
- transplantace jater * metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- uchovávání orgánů * metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Limb ischaemia is a clinically relevant complication of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) with femoral artery cannulation. No selective distal perfusion or other advanced techniques were used in the past to maintain adequate distal limb perfusion. A more recent trend is the shift from the reactive or emergency management to the pro-active or prophylactic placement of a distal perfusion cannula to avoid or reduce limb ischaemia-related complications. Multiple alternative cannulation techniques to the distal perfusion cannula have been developed to maintain distal limb perfusion, including end-to-side grafting, external or endovascular femoro-femoral bypass, retrograde limb perfusion (e.g., via the posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis or anterior tibial artery), and, more recently, use of a bidirectional cannula. Venous congestion has also been recognized as a potential contributing factor to limb ischaemia development and specific techniques have been described with facilitated venous drainage or bilateral cannulation being the most recent, to reduce or avoid venous stasis as a contributor to impaired limb perfusion. Advances in monitoring techniques, such as near-infrared spectroscopy and duplex ultrasound analysis, have been applied to improve decision-making regarding both the monitoring and management of limb ischaemia. This narrative review describes the evolution of techniques used for distal limb perfusion during peripheral VA ECMO.
- MeSH
- arteria femoralis * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ischemie prevence a kontrola etiologie MeSH
- katetrizace metody MeSH
- končetiny krevní zásobení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mimotělní membránová oxygenace * metody MeSH
- perfuze metody MeSH
- periferní katetrizace metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: While 4 randomized controlled clinical trials confirmed the early benefits of hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE), high-level evidence regarding long-term clinical outcomes is lacking. The aim of this follow-up study from the HOPE-ECD-DBD trial was to compare long-term outcomes in patients who underwent liver transplantation using extended criteria donor allografts from donation after brain death (ECD-DBD), randomized to either HOPE or static cold storage (SCS). METHODS: Between September 2017 and September 2020, recipients of liver transplantation from 4 European centers receiving extended criteria donor-donation after brain death allografts were randomly assigned to HOPE or SCS (1:1). Follow-up data were available for all patients. Analyzed endpoints included the incidence of late-onset complications (occurring later than 6 months and graded according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification and the Comprehensive Complication Index) and long-term graft survival and patient survival. RESULTS: A total of 46 patients were randomized, 23 in both arms. The median follow-up was 48 months (95% CI: 41-55). After excluding early perioperative morbidity, a significant reduction in late-onset morbidity was observed in the HOPE group (median reduction of 23 Comprehensive Complication Index-points [p=0.003] and lower incidence of major complications [Clavien-Dindo ≥3, 43% vs. 85%, p=0.009]). Primary graft loss occurred in 13 patients (HOPE n=3 vs. SCS n=10), resulting in a significantly lower overall graft survival (p=0.029) and adverse 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival probabilities in the SCS group, which did not reach the level of significance (HOPE 0.913, 0.869, 0.869 vs. SCS 0.783, 0.606, 0.519, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our exploratory findings indicate that HOPE reduces late-onset morbidity and improves long-term graft survival providing clinical evidence to further support the broad implementation of HOPE in human liver transplantation.
The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristic influence of physical therapeutic procedures of vacuum-compression therapy (VCT) on microvascular perfusion (MiP) and macrovascular perfusion (MaP) of the lower limb in diabetic patients. A sample of nine patients with a medical history of type 2 diabetes was used for the purpose of this study. Most of the subjects' medical conditions included venous and neurological complications of the lower limb, whereas the rest of the subjects entered the treatment due to injury recovery or their phlebological disease. The PeriFlux System 5000 (Perimed, Sweden) diagnostic device was used to measure MiP. The MaP was evaluated based on the perfusion index (PI) using the Extremiter monitoring device (Embitron, Czech Republic) designed to perform VCT procedures. The study found that MiP and MaP increase as an effect of VCT procedures and at the same time PI clearly reflects the effect of the applied vacuum and compression phases, verifying the method's vital influence on peripheral perfusion disorders.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- diabetická retinopatie MeSH
- dolní končetina patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- perfuze metody MeSH
- vakuum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Machine perfusion (MP) has evolved as a promising approach for the ex situ preservation in organ transplantation. However, the literature on the use of MP in human vascularized composite allografts is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hypothermic MP with an acellular perfusate in human upper extremities and compare with the current gold standard of static cold storage (SCS). METHODS: Six upper extremities were assigned to either MP (n = 3) or SCS (n = 3) conditions for 24 h. MP-extremities were perfused with oxygenated Steen solution at a constant pressure of 30 mm Hg and 10°C. RESULTS: Median total ischemia time was 213 min (range, 127-222 min). Myoglobin, creatine-kinase (CK) showed increased levels at the start of MP (medians: myoglobin: 4377 ng/mL, CK: 1442 U/L), peaking 6 h after perfusate exchange (medians: myoglobin: 9206 ng/mL, CK: 3995 U/L) at timepoint 24. Lactate levels decreased from a median of 6.9-2.8 mmol/L over time. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha peaked in the SCS-group after 8 h, followed by a decrease. Increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha expression in the MP group was delayed until 20 h. Perfusion pressure, temperature, and circuit flow were maintained at median of 30.88 mm Hg, 9.77°C, and 31.13 mL/min, respectively. Weight increased 1.4% in the SCS group and 4.3% in the MP group over 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: Hypothermic ex situ perfusion with an oxygenated acellular Steen solution may extend the allowable extracorporeal preservation time by a factor of 4-6 compared to SCS and holds promise to be beneficial for vascularized composite allograft recipients and victims of traumatic major limb amputation.
- MeSH
- alografty MeSH
- cytokiny analýza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- končetiny krevní zásobení chirurgie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nízká teplota MeSH
- perfuze metody MeSH
- replantace metody MeSH
- roztoky pro uchovávání orgánů MeSH
- teplá ischemie MeSH
- uchovávání orgánů metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Europe is currently the most active region in the field of pancreatic islet transplantation, and many of the leading groups are actually achieving similar good outcomes. Further collaborative advances in the field require the standardization of islet cell product isolation processes, and this work aimed to identify differences in the human pancreatic islet isolation processes within European countries. METHODS: A web-based questionnaire about critical steps, including donor selection, pancreas processing, pancreas perfusion and digestion, islet counting and culture, islet quality evaluation, microbiological evaluation, and release criteria of the product, was completed by isolation facilities participating at the Ninth International European Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (EPITA) Workshop on Islet-Beta Cell Replacement in Milan. RESULTS: Eleven islet isolation facilities completed the questionnaire. The facilities reported 445 and 53 islet isolations per year over the last 3 years from deceased organ donors and pancreatectomized patients, respectively. This activity resulted in 120 and 40 infusions per year in allograft and autograft recipients, respectively. Differences among facilities emerged in donor selection (age, cold ischemia time, intensive care unit length, amylase concentration), pancreas procurement, isolation procedures (brand and concentration of collagenase, additive, maximum acceptable digestion time), quality evaluation, and release criteria for transplantation (glucose-stimulated insulin secretion tests, islet numbers, and purity). Moreover, even when a high concordance about the relevance of one parameter was evident, thresholds for the acceptance were different among facilities. CONCLUSIONS: The result highlighted the presence of a heterogeneity in the islet cell product process and product release criteria.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kultivované buňky transplantace MeSH
- Langerhansovy ostrůvky cytologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- odběr tkání a orgánů metody normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- perfuze metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- počet buněk normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- primární buněčná kultura metody normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- separace buněk metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- studená ischemie normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- transplantace Langerhansových ostrůvků metody normy MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- výběr dárců metody normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
The purpose of calculating the capillary filtration coefficient is to experimentally evaluate edema formation in models of pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury. For many years, the obtaining of this coefficient implies a series of manual maneuvers during ex-vivo reperfusion of pulmonary arterial pressure, venous pressure and weight, as well as the calculation of the Kfc formula. Through automation, the calculation of capillary filtration coefficient could be easier and more efficient. To describe an automatic method designed in our laboratory to calculating the capillary filtration coefficient and compare with traditional determination of capillary filtration coefficient as gold standard method. An automatic three valve perfusion system was constructed, commanded by a mastery module connected to a graphical user interface. To test its accuracy, cardiopulmonary blocks of Wistar rats were harvested and distributed in manual (n=8) and automated (n=8) capillary filtration coefficient determination groups. Physiological parameters as pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary venous pressure, weight and capillary filtration coefficient were obtained. Results: Capillary filtration coefficient, pulmonary arterial pressure, venous arterial pressure shown no statistical significance difference between the groups. The automated perfusion system for obtaining Kfc was standardized and validated, giving reliable results without biases and making the process more efficient in terms of time and personal staff.
- MeSH
- arteria pulmonalis fyziologie MeSH
- kapilární permeabilita fyziologie MeSH
- kapiláry fyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- orgánové kultury - kultivační techniky MeSH
- perfuze přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- plicní tlak v zaklínění fyziologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- venae pulmonales fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Léčba maligního melanomu se v posledním desetiletí výrazně změnila. Biologická léčba dokáže nabídnou velmi dobrou kontrolu onemocnění a kompletní odpovědi již nejsou výjimkou. Nic-méně chirurgie zůstává metodou první volby a především u časných melanomů může vést ke komplet-nímu vyléčení. Již téměř samozřejmou součástí stagingu časného melanomu je sentinelová biopsie. U lokoregionálně pokročilých nádorů zůstává stále zásadní role lymfadenektomií. Jisté pochybnosti se mohou vyskytnout u izolované hypertermické perfuze. Již menší roli má chirurgie v terapii vzdálených metastáz, ovšem u solitárních metastáz může vést i k vyléčení.
The treatment of melanoma has changed substantially in the last decade. Biologic therapy offers very good disease control and even complete responses are quite common. Nevertheless surgery is still the treatment of first choice and mostly in early melanomas can lead to complete cure. The surgery has major role in diagnostics, removal of the primary tumor. Nearly certain part of staging in early mela-nomas is the sentinel node biopsy. In locoregionally advanced melanomas still remains the crucial role of lymphadenectomies. Some doubts can appear concerning isolated hyperthermic perfusions. Lesser role has surgery in treatment of distant metastases, but in solitary metastases can have curative potential.
- Klíčová slova
- ilioinguinální disekce, mnohočetný končetinový relaps,
- MeSH
- axila chirurgie MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny metody MeSH
- cytodiagnostika metody MeSH
- disekce klasifikace metody MeSH
- končetiny patologie MeSH
- kyčel chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfadenektomie klasifikace metody MeSH
- melanom * chirurgie diagnóza patologie MeSH
- metastázy nádorů patologie terapie MeSH
- perfuze metody MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- staging nádorů klasifikace MeSH
- třísla chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Surgical factors and direct cytotoxicity of bile salts on cholangiocytes may play a role in the development of ischemic cholangiopathy (IC) after liver transplantation (LTx). There is no validated consensus on how to protect the bile ducts during procurement, static preservation, and LTx. Meanwhile, IC remains the most troublesome complication after LTx. AIM: To characterize bile duct management techniques during the LTx process among European transplant centers in cases of donation after brain death (DBD) and circulatory death (DCD). METHOD: An European Liver and Intestine Transplant Association-European Liver Transplant Registry web survey designed to conceal respondents' personal information was sent to surgeons procuring and/or transplanting livers in Europe. RESULTS: Sixty-five percent of responses came from large transplant centers (>50 procurements/y). In 8% of DBDs and 14% of DCDs the bile duct is not rinsed. In 46% of DBDs and 52% of DCDs surgeons prefer to remove the gallbladder after graft reperfusion. Protocols concerning preservation solutions (nature, pressure, volume) are extremely heterogeneous. In 54% of DBDs and 61% of DCDs an arterial back table pressure perfusion is performed. Steroids (20%-10%), heparin (72%-60%), prostacyclin (3%-7%), and fibrinolytics (4%-11%) are used as donor-protective interventions in DBD and DCD cases, respectively. In 2% of DBD and 6% of DCD cases a hepatic artery reperfusion is performed first. In 4% of DBD and 6% of DCD cases, fibrinolytics are administered through the hepatic artery during the bench and/or implantation. CONCLUSION: This European web survey shows for the first time the heterogeneity in the management of bile ducts during procurement, preservation, and transplantation in Europe. In the context of sharing more marginal liver grafts, an expert meeting must be organized to formulate guidelines to be applied to protect liver grafts against IC.
- MeSH
- cholangitida etiologie MeSH
- ischemie etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odběr tkání a orgánů škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- perfuze škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- pooperační komplikace etiologie MeSH
- přežívání štěpu MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- reperfuze škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- transplantace jater škodlivé účinky MeSH
- uchovávání orgánů škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- žlučové cesty krevní zásobení transplantace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
