OBJECTIVE: Precise control over the ultrasound field parameters experienced by biological samples during sonication experiments in vitro may be quite challenging. The main goal of this work was to outline an approach to construction of sonication test cells that would minimize the interaction between the test cells and ultrasound. METHODS: Optimal dimensions of the test cell were determined through measurements conducted in a water sonication tank using 3D-printed test objects. The offset of local acoustic intensity variability inside the sonication test cell was set to value of ±50% of the reference value (i.e., local acoustic intensity measured at last axial maximum in the free-field condition). The cytotoxicity of several materials used for 3D printing was determined using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. RESULTS: The sonication test cells were 3D printed from polylactic acid material, which was not toxic to the cells. Silicone membrane HT-6240, which was used to construct the bottom of the test cell, was found to reduce ultrasound energy minimally. Final ultrasound profiles inside the sonication test cells indicated the desired variability of local acoustic intensity. The cell viability in our sonication test cell was comparable to that of commercial culture plates with bottoms constructed with silicone membrane. CONCLUSION: An approach to construction of sonication test cells minimizing the interaction of the test cell and ultrasound has been outlined.
Ultrasound has been extensively applied to the diagnosis of and guided interventions for knee disorders. However, although it is commonly affected during sports injuries, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is not usually incorporated in the majority of ultrasound scanning protocols. In the past, because of its oblique trajectory and deeper location, the ACL was considered to be a challenging structure for ultrasound imaging. Owing to advances in ultrasound technology and knowledge of knee sono-anatomy, an increasing number of studies are investigating the clinical value of ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of ACL injuries. In this regard, the present review aims to elaborate on the sono-anatomy of the ACL, to summarize the evidence for ultrasound imaging for ACL lesions and to investigate whether it is useful in the pre-operative preparation and post-operative follow-up of ACL reconstruction.
- MeSH
- kolenní kloub chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligamentum cruciatum anterius diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- poranění předního zkříženého vazu * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- rekonstrukce předního zkříženého vazu * metody MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Shear-wave elastography (SWE) is a novel ultrasound technique for quantifying tissue elasticity. The aim of this study was to identify differences in atherosclerotic plaque elasticity measured using SWE among individuals with symptomatic, asymptomatic progressive and asymptomatic stable carotid plaques. Consecutive patients from the Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics Associated with a Progression Rate of the Plaque and a Risk of Stroke in Patients with the Carotid Bifurcation Plaque Study were screened for this research. Neurosonography examination of carotid arteries was performed to identify plaque stenosis of ≥50% using B-mode ultrasound and SWE imaging to measure the mean, maximal and minimal elasticity. The set consisted of 97 participants-74 with asymptomatic stable stenosis, 12 with asymptomatic progressive stenosis and 11 with symptomatic stenosis. The mean elasticity in the asymptomatic stable plaque group was significantly higher than in the asymptomatic progressive (52.2 vs. 30.4 kPa; p < 0.001) and symptomatic (52.2 vs. 36.4 kPa; p = 0.033) plaque groups. No significant differences were found between asymptomatic progressive and symptomatic (p > 0.1) plaque groups. Asymptomatic stable, asymptomatic progressive and symptomatic plaques did not differ in echogenicity, calcifications, homogeneity, occurrence of ulcerated surface, or intra-plaque hemorrhage (p > 0.05 in all cases). SWE was a helpful modality for differentiating between stable and unstable atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries.
- MeSH
- aterosklerotický plát diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- elastografie * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stenóza arteria carotis diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Tumor oxygenation and vascularization are important parameters that determine the aggressiveness of the tumor and its resistance to cancer therapies. We introduce dual-modality ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging (US-PAI) for the direct, non-invasive real-time in vivo evaluation of oxygenation and vascularization of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of B-cell mantle cell lymphomas. The different optical properties of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin make it possible to determine oxygen saturation (sO2) in tissues using PAI. High-frequency color Doppler imaging enables the visualization of blood flow with high resolution. Tumor oxygenation and vascularization were studied in vivo during the growth of three different subcutaneously implanted patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lymphomas (VFN-M1, VFN-M2 and VFN-M5 R1). Similar values of sO2 (sO2 Vital), determined from US-PAI volumetric analysis, were obtained in small and large VFN-M1 tumors ranging from 37.9 ± 2.2 to 40.5 ± 6.0 sO2 Vital (%) and 37.5 ± 4.0 to 35.7 ± 4.6 sO2 Vital (%) for small and large VFN-M2 PDXs. In contrast, the higher sO2 Vital values ranging from 57.1 ± 4.8 to 40.8 ± 5.7 sO2 Vital (%) (small to large) of VFN-M5 R1 tumors corresponds with the higher aggressiveness of that PDX model. The different tumor percentage vascularization (assessed as micro-vessel areas) of VFN-M1, VFN-M2 and VFN-M5 R1 obtained by color Doppler (2.8 ± 0.1%, 3.8 ± 0.8% and 10.3 ± 2.7%) in large-stage tumors clearly corresponds with their diverse growth and aggressiveness. The data obtained by color Doppler were validated by histology. In conclusion, US-PAI rapidly and accurately provided relevant and reproducible information on tissue oxygenation in PDX tumors in real time without the need for a contrast agent.
- MeSH
- hemoglobiny metabolismus MeSH
- hypoxie buňky MeSH
- kyslík metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfom z plášťových buněk diagnostické zobrazování patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- mikrocévy diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- mikrovaskulární denzita MeSH
- multimodální zobrazování MeSH
- myši MeSH
- optoakustické techniky * MeSH
- oxyhemoglobiny metabolismus MeSH
- patologická angiogeneze diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- transplantace nádorů MeSH
- tumor burden MeSH
- ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Transcranial sonography (TCS) can reveal pathology in brain structures including insula. This study compared insula echogenicity among 22 patients with Wilson's disease (WD), 21 patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease (EO-PD) and 24 healthy patients. Echogenicity of predefined brain structures (insula, lentiform nucleus, caudate nucleus, substantia nigra and raphe nuclei) was evaluated using digitized analysis of TCS fusion imaging with magnetic resonance. Cortical, subcortical and cerebellar atrophy and ventricle diameters were determined from magnetic resonance images. The mean echogenicity index of insula did not differ between males and females (p = 0.92), but the echogenicity of insula was higher in patients with WD than in patients with EO-PD and healthy patients (p < 0.05). The substantia nigra echogenicity was higher in patients with EO-PD, and lentiform nucleus echogenicity was higher in patients with WD (p < 0.05). The echogenicity of insula correlated with lentiform nucleus echogenicity (r = 0.75) but not with age (r = -0.14), disease duration (r = -0.36), symptom severity (r = 0.28), cortical (r = 0.11) nor subcortical (r = 0.05) atrophy.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hepatolentikulární degenerace diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- mozková kůra diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- multimodální zobrazování MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- ultrasonografie dopplerovská transkraniální * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Examination of the common carotid artery (CCA) based on an ultrasound video sequence is an effective method for detecting cardiovascular diseases. Here, we propose a video processing method for the automated geometric analysis of CCA transverse sections. By explicitly compensating the parasitic phenomena of global movement and feature drift, our method enables a reliable and accurate estimation of the movement of the arterial wall based on ultrasound sequences of arbitrary length and in situations where state-of-the-art methods fail or are very inaccurate. The method uses a modified Viola-Jones detector and the Hough transform to localize the artery in the image. Then it identifies dominant scatterers, also known as interest points (IPs), whose positions are tracked by means of the pyramidal Lucas-Kanade method. Robustness to global movement and feature drift is achieved by a detection of global movement and subsequent IP re-initialization, as well as an adaptive removal and addition of IPs. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using simulated and real ultrasound video sequences. Using the Harris detector for IP detection, we obtained an overall root-mean-square error, averaged over all the simulated sequences, of 2.16 ± 1.18 px. The computational complexity of our method is compatible with real-time operation; the runtime is about 30-70 ms/frame for sequences with a spatial resolution of up to 490 × 490 px. We expect that in future clinical practice, our method will be instrumental for non-invasive early-stage diagnosis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.
- MeSH
- arteriae carotides diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- interpretace obrazu počítačem metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rozpoznávání automatizované metody MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- ultrasonografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We analyzed the accuracy of transvaginal sonography in detection of pelvic carcinomatosis in ovarian cancer patients and factors (age, body mass index, performance status, ascites, stage, histotype, tumor grade) influencing the performance of ultrasound. In this prospective study, all 191 consecutively included patients underwent a pre-operative ultrasound staging examination according to institutional protocol. Peritoneal spread was assessed on the basis of peri-operative findings or histology. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the detection of carcinomatosis was 0.90 (0.84-0.93); the sensitivity was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 75%-%90), specificity 96% (95% CI: 89%-99%), positive predictive value 96% (95% CI: 89%-99%), negative predictive value 83% (95% CI: 74%-90%) and overall accuracy 89% (95% CI: 84%-93%). We report that transvaginal sonography is clinically useful in the detection of pelvic carcinomatosis.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- karcinom diagnostické zobrazování sekundární MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory pánve diagnostické zobrazování sekundární MeSH
- nádory vaječníků diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- pánev diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- sekundární malignity diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- ultrasonografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) can be difficult in the early stages of the disease. The aim of the study described here was to assess the correlation between transcranial sonography (TCS) and (123)I-FP-CIT ([(123)I]ioflupane, N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-[(123)I]iodophenyl)nortropane) SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) findings and the diagnosis of PD. A total of 49 patients were enrolled in the study: 29 patients with PD, 7 patients with other parkinsonian syndromes, 11 patients with essential tremor and 2 with psychogenic movement disorder. Substantia nigra echogenicity was measured using TCS. SPECT was performed using DaTSCAN ([(123)I]ioflupane). TCS and SPECT findings were correlated in 84% of patients, with κ = 0.62 (95% confidence interval: 0.38-0.86). TCS-measured substantia nigra echogenicity and SPECT-measured striatal binding ratio were negatively correlated (r = -0.326, p = 0.003). TCS/SPECT sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for the diagnosis of PD were 89.7%/96.6%, 60.0%/70.0%, 76.5%/82.4% and 80.0%/93.3%, respectively. Both positive TCS and SPECT findings correlated significantly with the diagnosis of PD (κ = 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.27-0.76, and κ = 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.49-0.90, respectively).
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- esenciální tremor ultrasonografie MeSH
- jednofotonová emisní výpočetní tomografie metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parkinsonské poruchy ultrasonografie MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- radiofarmaka MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- substantia nigra MeSH
- tropany MeSH
- ultrasonografie dopplerovská transkraniální metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This article describes a novel method for highly accurate and effective localization of the transverse section of the carotis comunis artery in ultrasound images. The method has a high success rate, approximately 97%. Unlike analytical methods based on geometric descriptions of the object sought, the method proposed here can cover a large area of shape variation of the artery under study, which normally occurs during examinations as a result of the pressure on the examined tissue, tilt of the probe, setup of the sonographic device, and other factors. This method shows great promise in automating the process of determining circulatory system parameters in the non-invasive clinical diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases. The method employs a Viola-Jones detector that has been specially adapted for efficient detection of transverse sections of the carotid artery. This algorithm is trained on a set of labeled images using the AdaBoost algorithm, Haar-like features and the Matthews coefficient. The training algorithm of the artery detector was modified using evolutionary algorithms. The method for training a cascade of classifiers achieves on a small number of positive and negative training data samples (about 500 images) a high success rate in a computational time that allows implementation of the detector in real time. Testing was performed on images of different patients for whom different ultrasonic instruments were used under different conditions (settings) so that the algorithm developed is applicable in general radiologic practice.
- MeSH
- algoritmy * MeSH
- arteriae carotides ultrasonografie MeSH
- interpretace obrazu počítačem metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítačové systémy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rozpoznávání automatizované metody MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- software MeSH
- ultrasonografie metody MeSH
- umělá inteligence MeSH
- vylepšení obrazu metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Sonodynamic therapy, an effect of low-power ultrasound field and the anticancer drug cisplatin, was studied in vitro on human melanoma cells A375. The viability of cells has been studied by standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide viability assay according to different modes of treatment: application of cisplatin alone, exposure of ultrasound field alone, exposure to ultrasound followed by cisplatin and application of cisplatin followed by exposure to ultrasound. Ultrasound was used at a therapeutic intensity of 1 W∙cm(-2) for 10 min. Concentration of cisplatin in the cell suspension was always 2.3 μM. The results show that sonodynamic therapy is one of the possibilities of how to intensify standard cytostatic therapy. This conclusion is supported by reducing the viability of studied cells, especially 72 h after the treatment. The time sequence of application of ultrasonic field and cytostatics appears to be a significant factor affecting the changes in cell viability. Maximum suppression of viability has been found when applying the experimental design involving application of cisplatin followed by exposure to ultrasound; the final value of viability of combined affected cells was more than 10% lower than for cisplatin treatment alone.
- MeSH
- cisplatina terapeutické užití MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom terapie ultrasonografie MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- protinádorové látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- ultrazvuková terapie metody MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
