• MeSH
• agrese psychologie   MeSH
• davové chování MeSH
• fotbal dějiny   psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nahuštění v prostoru MeSH
• sociální chování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotbal statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• sportovní úrazy etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotbal MeSH
• kardiomegalie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myokarditida MeSH
• náhlá smrt MeSH
• tělovýchovné lékařství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sportovní úrazy mortalita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• arteria poplitea zranění   MeSH
• kolenní kloub MeSH
• poranění kolena MeSH
• sportovní úrazy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Chronotype refer to individuals' time-of-day preferences for activities, which can be classified as "morning types = (M-types)", "evening types = (E-types)", and "neither types (N-types)". The primary aim of this study was to compare the chronotype distribution of Czech First League (1L) and Czech National Football League (2L) male elite football players, which was divided into two secondary aims: (i) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 1L, and (ii) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 2L. The present cross-sectional study employed a self-reported standardized questionnaire, the Composite Scale of Morningness, to study the chronotype distribution among the male elite football players. The chronotype distribution of 139 (85 from 1L with mean age ± S.D. = 25.5 ± 3.7 years and 54 from 2L age = 24.4 ± 4.5 years) players was assessed. Overall, 61 (71.8%) of the participants from 1L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. Similarly, 40 (74.1%) participants from 2L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. The statistical analysis of the 1L players showed a significantly higher presence of N-types compared to M- and E-types (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The same results were detected in 2L, where the N-type was identified in the majority of football players (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The statistical comparison of the number of presented chronotypes did not show a significant difference (F = 3.29, p > .05, V = .16) between players of the 1L and 2L. Thus, N-types are dominant among Czech elite football players, and the chronotype distribution of male elite football players from the Czech First League and the Czech National Football League does not vary.

• MeSH
• americký fotbal * MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotbal * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Příspěvek se zabývá základní charakteristikou amerického fotbalu a herní funkcí quarterbacka. Autoři zkoumají jeho herní aktivitu ve 2O sledovaných utkáních ve třech různých soutěžích - České lize amerického fotbalu, Národní fotbalové lize a National Collegiate Athletic Association. Získaná statistická data jsou využita k porovnání vztahu mezi četností házených přihrávek v jednotlivých pokusech hry v poměru k ostatním útočným akcím, k porovnání způsobu hry českých a amerických družstev. Autoři ze získaných údajů konstatují, že americká družstva více preferují herní systém s vyšší mírou četnosti házených přihrávek, což je podmíněno a dáno do souvislosti s lépe zvládnutými herními činnostmi jednotlivců, dokonale zpracovanou metodikou tréninku quarterbacka spolu s jeho výsadním postavením v hierarchii družstva. Součástí příspěvku je i základní charakteristika hry sledované herní funkce, popis profilu úspěšného quarterbacka a prezentace požadavků kladených na tuto herní funkci.

The current study is focused on the brief characteristics of American football and the position of quarterback. The authors analyse quarterback's activity during the game in 20 matches in three various competitions in the Czech Republic and in the U.S.A. The obtained data give the possibility to evaluate the quarterback´s actions in particular downs and also show specific differences between the Czech and the American leagues. The authors also explain the basic rules of this sport and provide overall preview into the position of quarterback. They present a potential profile of the successful quarterback, his personality features, physical dispositions and way of winner´s thinking.

• MeSH
• americký fotbal * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sportovní výkon * MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: Recreational football is an intense, versatile form of exercise with multiple high- and odd-impact actions. Recreational football is therefore hypothesized to be suitable for bone modeling and bone health. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of recreational football on bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone turnover markers (BTM). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Google Scholar were searched prior to September 2021. A manual database search was also performed using the following key terms, either singly or in combination: recreational football/soccer, street football/soccer, recreational small-sided games, effect, influence, impact, bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, bone turnover marker, bone health, osteogenesis, CTX, osteocalcin, P1NP. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Randomised and matched controlled trials with participants allocated to a recreational football group or any other type of training intervention or passive control group were included. The primary outcome measures were total BMD, lower limb BMD, total BMC, lower limb BMC, osteocalcin, procollagen type 1N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX). A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Comprehensive Meta-analysis V.2 software (Biostat, Englewood, New Jersey, USA) was used for the meta-analyses. RISK OF BIAS: Agreement between the two reviewers was assessed using RoB2 tool and k statistics for full-text screening and rating of relevance and risk of bias. The k agreement rate between reviewers was k = 0.92. RESULTS: The football interventions included were based on studies having a duration of 12-64 weeks with one 5-year follow-up study and with a training frequency of 1-3 sessions/wk. Training sessions were 45-60 min sessions of 3v3 - 7v7 small-sided games. The subjects covered an age span from 9 to 73 years. Five studies examined recreational football effects in females, nine studies in males and three studies included both sexes. Recreational football training produced a statistically significant effect (mean difference = 0.02 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.03, P = 0.02) on lower limb BMD and negligible effects for total BMD compared to no-exercise controls. The recreational football effects on total and lower limb BMC, when compared to both no-exercise controls and exercise controls, were negligible. A moderate to large significant increase in osteocalcin, P1NP and CTX was observed for recreational football compared to both no-exercise controls and exercise controls. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, recreational football training regimes lasting 12-64 weeks have a large osteogenic impact on bone turnover markers in comparison with no-exercise controls as well as exercise controls, and beneficial effects on lower limb BMD compared to no-exercise controls. Short and medium duration recreational football interventions have negligible effects on whole-body BMD and BMC (total and lower limb), with magnitudes similar to those of other exercise modes.

• MeSH
• americký fotbal * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotbal * MeSH
• kostní denzita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• osteokalcin MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

• MeSH
• fotbal MeSH
• krk MeSH
• poranění krku MeSH
• skóre závažnosti úrazu MeSH
• sportovní úrazy MeSH
• uzavřené poranění hlavy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• tělovýchovné lékařství