Randomized controlled trials
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elektronický časopis
- MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- kardiologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- elektronické časopisy
2nd ed. 9, 437 s. : il.
- MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Farmacie. Farmakologie
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
BACKGROUND: Music therapy is a promising approach widening the potential applications of psychotherapy. Music influences both, psychologic and physiologic parameters, and children are especially responsive to this form of therapy. Many aspects of its action mechanisms remain to be elucidated, underscoring the need for evidence-based medicine (EBM) for clinical use of music therapy. AIMS: This review seeks to highlight some of the issues of music therapy research and to initiate a discussion about the need for international multicenter cooperation to bring scientifically sound evidence of the benefits of music therapy in pediatric patients. METHODS: Scientific bibliographic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials on use of music therapy for children. Identified articles were evaluated according to criteria for scientific quality. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were identified. Most of the trials were biased by the number of participants, and some trials showed the need to improve design of control groups. Indeed, the novelty of this area of study has produced a large number of different studies (with variability in diagnoses, interventions, control groups, duration, and/or outcome parameters), and there is a need for a more homogeneous and systematic approach. Available studies highlight the need to address reproducibility issues. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis identifies the need for a subsequent series of clinical studies on the efficacy of music in the pediatric population, with more focus on eligibility criteria with respect to EBM and reproducibility.
Aim: To report a trial protocol to determine if a self-care program enhances quality of life and sense of coherence in community-dwellers aged 65 years or over. Design: A randomized controlled trial with a two-group pretest and posttest will be conducted in a community activity center involving a sample of 64 community-dwellers who are 65 years or over. Methods: The intervention group will receive Resource Enhancement and Activation Program, a structured 12-week self-care program comprising 24 activities based on a salutogenic framework. The control group will receive the routine service. Both outcome and process evaluations will be used. Outcomes will be measured using standardized tools and these include quality of life, sense of coherence, satisfaction with life, activation measure, well-being, depression, loneliness and resilience. Focus group interviews will be conducted to explore participants’ views on the program. Conclusion: This study will provide evidence on the feasibility and effectiveness of a self-care program that is based on a salutogenic framework to promote quality of life and sense of coherence among older community-dwellers.
- MeSH
- denní stacionář pro seniory * metody MeSH
- komunitní ošetřovatelská péče MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- péče o sebe * klasifikace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- bezafibrát terapeutické užití MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- cholesterol diagnostické užití metabolismus MeSH
- hypertriglyceridemie prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech MeSH
- pravastatin terapeutické užití MeSH
- simvastatin terapeutické užití MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a promising treatment for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Three recent randomized trials (ARREST trial, Prague OHCA study, and INCEPTION trial) that addressed the clinical benefit of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest yielded seemingly diverging results. The evidence for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, derived from three recent randomized controlled trials, is not contradictory but rather complementary. Excellent results can be achieved with a very high level of dedication, provided that strict selection criteria are applied. However, pragmatic implementation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation does not necessarily lead to improved outcome of refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Centres that are performing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or aspire to do so should critically evaluate whether they are able to meet the pre-requisites that are needed to conduct an effective extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation programme.
CONTEXT: Carbohydrate-restricted diets are widely used as an effective treatment tool for many chronic diseases. The impact of these diets on physical health is well known, but their impact on psychological health is less well described in the scientific literature. This is an important aspect to focus on, especially if the diets are to be sustainable in the long term. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature describing the effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and ketogenic diets on psychological outcomes, as observed in randomized controlled trials. Additionally, the potential synergistic effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and exercise or social factors on these outcomes was researched. DATA SOURCES: Five databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE Complete) were searched without restriction of publication date. DATA EXTRACTION: The first data extraction was made in October 2020 and the second in May 2022. Abstract screening was performed by 3 independent reviewers. The quality of studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. DATA ANALYSIS: Sixteen randomized controlled studies were included in the analysis. Five studies focused on clinical populations, 9 on obese/overweight populations, and 2 on healthy populations; all studies examined adult people. Four psychological outcomes were identified (quality of life, mental health, mood, and fatigue), and they were examined in connection with a very low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diet. CONCLUSION: Daily low-carbohydrate intake may not negatively affect psychological well-being, and low-carbohydrate diets and ketogenic diets are no worse than other diets in this respect. An intervention of 12 weeks or longer can bring benefits in psychological well-being. The synergistic effect of diet and exercise or social factors was not reviewed due to lack of evidence.
JBI recently began the process of updating and revising its suite of critical appraisal tools to ensure that these tools remain compatible with recent developments within risk of bias science. Following a rigorous development process led by the JBI Effectiveness Methodology Group, this paper presents the revised critical appraisal tool for the assessment of risk of bias for randomized controlled trials. This paper also presents practical guidance on how the questions of this tool are to be interpreted and applied by systematic reviewers, while providing topical examples. We also discuss the major changes made to this tool compared to the previous version and justification for why these changes facilitate best-practice methodologies in this field.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma * MeSH
- zkreslení výsledků (epidemiologie) MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the best tool to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical interventions. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement is an evidence-based approach to improve the quality of RCTs reporting. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reporting quality of published RCTs concerning multiple sclerosis from 2000 to 2015 according to a checklist based on the CONSORT statement. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for English-language RCTs involving patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Trials were considered eligible when participants were randomly assigned to at least two medicinal treatment arms and included patients with MS. Quality of reporting was assessed using a 39-item questionnaire based on the CONSORT checklist. Articles were grouped in three 5-year periods and comparisons were made using descriptive statistics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The search identified 102 eligible articles for analysis. 20 of the 38 items of the checklist (52.6%) were addressed in 75% or more of the studies. Reporting of more than 75% of CONSORT items (>75% CONSORT compliance) was increased during the three five-year time periods from 2000 to 2015 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Quality of reporting in RCTs focusing on multiple sclerosis is showing improvement over time, but still remains unsatisfactory. Further improvement of reporting is necessary to assess the validity of clinical research.
- MeSH
- impakt faktor časopisů MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- periodika jako téma MeSH
- publikování normy MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma normy MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
