The COVID-19 Pandemic contributed to accelerating the process of using information and communication technologies and digital technologies in healthcare management and delivery within healthcare systems. At that time, the Czech healthcare system faced the same problems as other European systems and struggled with a temporary limitation of direct provision of healthcare services. It was solved by switching to telemedicine. The Czech healthcare system used telemedicine to a minimal extent until then. Despite adopting the law on healthcare digitisation, it is still one of the countries with a lower level of digitisation of healthcare processes. The article presents the results of an exploratory expert investigation focused on the implementation and development of telemedicine in the Czech Republic. The conducted research aimed to identify problems related to the implementation of telemedicine in practice, place them in the broader framework of the healthcare system and structure them, propose possible solutions, and identify the future challenges of telemedicine in the Czech Republic. We based our study on the results of a three-phase QUAL-QUAN-QUAL research. Data collection in the first phase took the form of individual semi-structured interviews with patients (25) with practical experience in the field of telemedicine, followed by the second quantitative phase of the questionnaire survey with patients (650). The third qualitative phase included semi-structured interviews with experts (17) with practical experience in telemedicine. The introduction and expansion of telemedicine require several fundamental changes. These include adjustments to the legislative environment and changes to the technological infrastructure, organisation of care and work. Several barriers have been identified at the healthcare system level, healthcare providers, healthcare professionals and patients.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie * MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rozhovory jako téma MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• telemedicína * organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Telemedicína již dávno nepředstavuje revoluční přístup k poskytování zdravotní péče, naopak se v posledních letech stále více integruje do různých medicínských oborů, včetně pediatrie. Rychlý technologický pokrok a rostoucí potřeba efektivní a dostupné zdravotní péče vedou k rozšíření telemedicínských řešení, jež umožňují lékařům a pacientům komunikovat a spolupracovat na dálku. V oblasti pediatrie přináší telemedicína nejen nové možnosti diagnostiky a sledování dětí, ale také usnadňuje přístup ke specializované péči, což je obzvláště významné v odlehlých regionech nebo v případě centralizovaných specializovaných pracovišť. Tento článek se zaměřuje na přehled aktuálních možností využití telemedicíny v pediatrii, její přínosy, omezení a výzvy spojené s implementací do každodenní klinické praxe.

Telemedicine is no longer considered a revolutionary approach to delivering healthcare; rather, it has increasingly integrated into various medical fields, including pediatrics, in recent years. Rapid technological advancements and the growing demand for efficient and accessible healthcare have driven the expansion of telemedicine solutions, enabling physicians and patients to communicate and collaborate remotely. In pediatrics, telemedicine not only introduces new possibilities for diagnosis and monitoring but also facilitates access to specialized care, which is particularly important in remote regions or for centralized specialized facilities. This article provides an overview of the current applications of telemedicine in pediatrics, highlighting its benefits, limitations, and the challenges associated with its implementation in everyday clinical practice.

• MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• dětská psychiatrie metody   organizace a řízení   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dostupnost zdravotnických služeb organizace a řízení   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pediatrie * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• zubní lékařství dětské organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) is increasingly being used in contemporary health care provision owing to its portability, accessibility, ability to facilitate communication, improved interprofessional collaboration, and benefits for health outcomes. However, there is limited discourse on patient safety in real-world mHealth implementation, especially as care settings extend beyond traditional center-based technology usage to home-based care. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore health care professionals' perspectives on the safety aspects of mHealth integration in real-world service provision, focusing on Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and Wuhan city in mainland China. In Hong Kong SAR, real-world mHealth care provision is largely managed by the Hospital Authority, which has released various mobile apps for home-based care, such as Stoma Care, Hip Fracture, and HA Go. In contrast, mHealth care provision in Wuhan is institutionally directed, with individual hospitals or departments using consultation apps, WeChat mini-programs, and the WeChat Official Accounts Platform (a subapp within the WeChat ecosystem). METHODS: A multicenter qualitative study design was used. A total of 27 participants, including 22 nurses and 5 physicians, from 2 different health care systems were interviewed individually. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 32.19 (SD 3.74) years, and the mean working experience was 8.04 (SD 4.05) years. Most participants were female (20/27, 74%). Nearly half of the participants had a bachelor's degree (13/27, 48%), some had a master's degree (9/27, 33%), and few had a diploma degree (3/27, 11%) or a doctoral degree (2/27, 7%). Four themes emerged from the data analysis. Considering the current uncertainties surrounding mHealth implementation, participants emphasized "liability" concerns when discussing patient safety. They emphasized the need for "change management," which includes appropriate referral processes, adequate resources and funding, informed mHealth usage, and efficient working processes. They cautioned about the risks in providing mHealth information without ensuring understanding, appreciated the current regulations available, and identified additional regulations that should be considered to ensure information security. CONCLUSIONS: As health care systems increasingly adopt mHealth solutions globally to enhance both patient care and operational efficiency, it becomes crucial to understand the implications for patient safety in these new care models. Health care professionals recognized the importance of patient safety in making mHealth usage reliable and sustainable. The promotion of mHealth should be accompanied by the standardization of mHealth services with institutional, health care system, and policy-level support. This includes fostering mHealth acceptance among health care professionals to encourage appropriate referrals, accommodate changes, ensure patient comprehension, and proactively identify and address threats to information security.

• MeSH
• bezpečnost pacientů * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH
• Hongkong MeSH

Digital transformation is widely understood as a process where technology is used to modify an organization's products and services and to create new ones. It is rapidly advancing in all sectors of society. Researchers have shown that it is a multidimensional process determined by human decisions based on ideologies, ideas, beliefs, goals, and the ways in which technology is used. In health care and health, the end result of digital transformation is digital health. In this study, a detailed literature review covering 560 research articles published in major journals was performed, followed by an analysis of ideas, beliefs, and goals guiding digital transformation and their possible consequences for privacy, human rights, dignity, and autonomy in health care and health. Results of literature analyses demonstrated that from the point of view of privacy, dignity, and human rights, the current laws, regulations, and system architectures have major weaknesses. One possible model of digital health is based on the dominant ideas and goals of the business world related to the digital economy and neoliberalism, including privatization of health care services, monetization and commodification of health data, and personal responsibility for health. These ideas represent meaningful risks to human rights, privacy, dignity, and autonomy. In this paper, we present an alternative solution for digital health called human-centric digital health (HCDH). Using system thinking and system modeling methods, we developed a system model for HCDH. It uses 5 views (ideas, health data, principles, regulation, and organizational and technical innovations) to align with human rights and values and support dignity, privacy, and autonomy. To make HCDH future proof, extensions to human rights, the adoption of the principle of restricted informational ownership of health data, and the development of new duties, responsibilities, and laws are needed. Finally, we developed a system-oriented, architecture-centric, ontology-based, and policy-driven approach to represent and manage HCDH ecosystems.

• MeSH
• digitální technologie MeSH
• digitální zdraví * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidská práva MeSH
• péče orientovaná na pacienta * MeSH
• soukromí MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

V súčasnosti, aj napriek významnému pokroku v terapii akútnych kardiovaskulárnych (KV) príhod, miera kontroly krvného tlaku a dyslipidémií, ako hlavných rizikových faktorov KV-ochorení (KVO), stagnuje a tradičné prístupy často zlyhávajú. Iniciatívy v oblasti digitálnej medicíny sa začali objavovať už predtým, ako pandémia COVID-19 zásadne ovplyvnila spôsob poskytovania zdravotnej starostlivosti. Artériová hypertenzia je ideálnym kandidátom na vzdialený manažment a digitálne riešenia v tejto oblasti rýchlo pribúdajú. Štúdie preukázali, že metódy telemedicíny signifikantne znižujú systolický, ako aj diastolický tlak pacientov a pomáhajú zlepšovať dosahovanie cieľových hodnôt tlaku a adherenciu k terapii. Bolo však taktiež preukázané, že metódy mHealth (mobile Health) museli byť spojené so súbežnou konzultáciou so zdravotníkom. Aplikácie na monitorovanie vlastného zdravia, prípadne ,,selfcouching‘‘, ktoré fungovali na pasívnom zbere dát, nepreukázali vyššie uvedené výsledky. Taktiež sa ukázalo, že existujú mnohé prekážky v implementácii týchto technológií, ako sú prístrojové (používanie validovaných tlakomerov a metód merania), finančné (úhrady zo zdravotného poistenia, náklady pre pacienta), legislatívne (hlavne ochrana osobných údajov) a taktiež neexistujúca štandardizácia v tejto oblasti. Metódy telemedicíny sa začali uplatňovať aj pri manažmente dyslipidémií, lebo sa zistilo, že vzdialený manažment pacienta so súbežným informovaním samotného pacienta o jeho KV-riziku môže výrazne dopomôcť k zlepšeniu adherencie k terapii a v dosahovaní cieľových hodnôt lipidových parametrov.

Currently, despite significant advances in the treatment of acute cardiovascular (CV) events, rates of blood pressure control and dyslipidemia, as major risk factors for CV disease (CVD), are stagnant and traditional approaches often fail. Initiatives in digital medicine have already started to emerge before the COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally impacted the way healthcare is delivered. Arterial hypertension is an ideal candidate for remote management, and digital solutions in this area are rapidly gaining traction. Studies have shown that telemedicine methods significantly reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of patients and help improve achievement of target blood pressure values and adherence to therapy. However, it was also shown that mHealth (mobile Health) methods had to be associated with concurrent consultation with a healthcare professional. Self-monitoring or “selfcouching” apps that worked on passive data collection did not show the above results. It has also been shown that there are many barriers to the implementation of these technologies, such as instrumentation (use of validated blood pressure monitors and measurement methods), financial (health insurance reimbursement, cost to the patient), legislative (mainly privacy) and also the lack of standardization in this area. Telemedicine methods have also started to be applied in the management of dyslipidemia, where it has been found that remote patient management with simultaneous information to the patient about his/her CV risk can significantly help to improve adherence to therapy and in achieving target values of lipid parameters.

• MeSH
• adherence pacienta MeSH
• digitální zdraví MeSH
• dyslipidemie prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• hypertenze * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měření krevního tlaku metody   MeSH
• telemedicína * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: The growing use of leadless pacemaker (LP) technology requires safe and effective solutions for retrieving and removing these devices over the long term. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate retrieval and removal of an active helix-fixation LP studied in worldwide regulatory clinical trials. METHODS: Subjects enrolled in the LEADLESS II phase 1 investigational device exemption, LEADLESS Observational, or LEADLESS Japan trials with an attempted LP retrieval at least 6 weeks postimplantation were included. The retrieval success rate was evaluated for all attempted retrievals. Site-reported complications associated with LP retrievals were quantified, with the severity and relationship adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee. RESULTS: There were 1,423 successful LP implants and 234 chronic LP retrieval attempts in 233 subjects. The overall retrieval success rate was 87.6% (205 of 234 attempts). The most common reason for failed retrieval (86.2%, 25 of 29 attempts) was inability to access the LP docking button. The mean time from implantation to attempted retrieval was 3.2 years (range 0.2-9.0 years) and did not significantly influence the retrieval success (P = 0.71). The clinical events committee adjudicated 11 complications in 9 subjects as being retrieval related (3.9%, 9 of 233 subjects). CONCLUSIONS: The safety and efficacy of chronic LP retrieval of an active helix-fixation device was demonstrated in an international clinical trial setting, with implant durations up to 9 years.

• MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kardiostimulátor * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odstranění implantátu * metody   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

Background/Objectives: Health and social care systems around the globe are currently undergoing a transformation towards personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision medicine (5PM), considering the individual health status, conditions, genetic and genomic dispositions, etc., in personal, social, occupational, environmental, and behavioral contexts. This transformation is strongly supported by technologies such as micro- and nanotechnologies, advanced computing, artificial intelligence, edge computing, etc. Methods: To enable communication and cooperation between actors from different domains using different methodologies, languages, and ontologies based on different education, experiences, etc., we have to understand the transformed health ecosystem and all its components in terms of structure, function and relationships in the necessary detail, ranging from elementary particles up to the universe. In this way, we advance design and management of the complex and highly dynamic ecosystem from data to knowledge level. The challenge is the consistent, correct, and formalized representation of the transformed health ecosystem from the perspectives of all domains involved, representing and managing them based on related ontologies. The resulting business viewpoint of the real-world ecosystem must be interrelated using the ISO/IEC 21838 Top Level Ontologies standard. Thereafter, the outcome can be transformed into implementable solutions using the ISO/IEC 10746 Open Distributed Processing Reference Model. Results: The model and framework for this system-oriented, architecture-centric, ontology-based, policy-driven approach have been developed by the first author and meanwhile standardized as ISO 23903 Interoperability and Integration Reference Architecture. The formal representation of any ecosystem and its development process including examples of practical deployment of the approach, are presented in detail. This includes correct systems and standards integration and interoperability solutions. A special issue newly addressed in the paper is the correct and consistent formal representation Conclusions: of all components in the development process, enabling interoperability between and integration of any existing representational artifacts such as models, work products, as well as used terminologies and ontologies. The provided solution is meanwhile mandatory at ISOTC215, CEN/TC251 and many other standards developing organization in health informatics for all projects covering more than just one domain.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Biomedicínské inženýrství se stalo nedílnou součástí moderní kardiologické péče, čímž se otevřely nové možnosti pro diagnostiku a léčbu srdečních onemocnění. Tento interdisciplinární obor propojuje technické a medicínské znalosti, aby vytvořil inovativní řešení, která zvyšují kvalitu života pacientů. Biomedicínští inženýři jsou v rámci kardiologie nejčastěji zaměstnáváni v oborech, jako je elektrofyziologie, neinvazivní kardiologie, intervenční kardiologie, telemedicína a v dalších specializovaných odvětvích, kde kromě klinické práce využívají své odborné znalosti k optimalizaci technologií a zdravotnických přístrojů. Dále se podílejí na vývoji a zdokonalování technologií jako jsou biosenzory, implantabilní zařízení, pokročilé metody zpracování signálů a využití umělé inteligence pro diagnostiku. Spolupráce mezi lékaři a inženýry je klíčová pro zlepšení péče o pacienty a umožňuje vývoj efektivních léčebných postupů. Tento článek se zaměřuje na úlohu biomedicínských inženýrů v kardiologii, jejich profesní postavení v českém zdravotnictví a budoucí výzvy, které obor přináší.

Biomedical engineering has become an integral part of modern cardiac care, opening up new possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. This interdisciplinary field combines technical and medical expertise to create innovative solutions that improve the quality of life for patients. Within cardiology, biomedical engineers are most commonly employed in fields such as electrophysiology, non-invasive cardiology, interventional cardiology, telemedicine and other specialised fields where, in addition to clinical work, they use their expertise to optimise technologies and medical devices. They are also involved in the development and improvement of technologies such as biosensors, implantable devices, advanced signal processing methods and the use of artificial intelligence for diagnostics. Collaboration between physicians and engineers is key to improving patient care and enabling the development of effective treatments. This article focuses on the role of biomedical engineers in cardiology, their professional status in the Czech health care system and the future challenges of the field.

• MeSH
• 3D tisk MeSH
• augmentovaná realita MeSH
• biomedicínské inženýrství * MeSH
• kardiologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• telemedicína MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Proposed in the early 1980s as a solution for managing complications of portal hypertension, the percutaneous creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt has consistently gained a central role. Increasingly lower complication rates have been observed thanks to improvements in both technologies and the skills of interventional radiologists. PURPOSE: This document is aimed at interventional radiologists and provides best practice recommendations for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation, describing patient selection, intraprocedural management and follow-up, in addition to recommendations in paediatric settings. METHODS: The CIRSE Standards of Practice Committee established a writing group consisting of seven European clinicians with recognised expertise in the creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. The writing group reviewed the existing literature performing a pragmatic evidence search using PubMed to select relevant publications in the English language and involving human subjects, preferably published from 2009 to 2024. The final recommendations were developed by consensus. RESULTS: TIPS creation has an established role in the successful management of portal hypertension and its complications. This Standards of Practice document provides up-to-date recommendations for patient selection, materials, its safe performance, and follow-up with complications management.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• intervenční radiologie * normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• portální hypertenze * chirurgie   MeSH
• přehledová literatura jako téma MeSH
• transjugulární intrahepatální portosystémový zkrat * normy   MeSH
• výběr pacientů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH

BACKGROUND: This study aims to review the existing knowledge on the cost-effectiveness and item costs related to the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients at different stages. METHODS: The study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search involved several steps: finding and identifying relevant articles, filtering them according to the set criteria, and examining the final number of selected articles to obtain the primary information. The number of articles published between 2013 and September 2024 in the Web of Science and PubMed databases was considered. The CHEERS checklist was used for the risk of bias assessment. Ultimately, 36 studies were included. RESULTS: Regarding the cost-effectiveness of GERD treatment, Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) appeared to be the dominant solution for non-refractory patients. However, this might change with the adoption of the novel drug vonoprazan, which is more effective and cheaper. With advancements in emerging technologies, new diagnostic and screening approaches such as Endosheath, Cytosponge, and combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring catheters should be considered, with potential implications for optimal GERD management strategies. DISCUSSION: The new diagnostic methods are reliable, safe, and more comfortable than standard procedures. PPIs are commonly used as the first line of treatment for GERD. Surgery, such as magnetic sphincter augmentation or laparoscopic fundoplication, is only recommended for patients with treatment-resistant GERD or severe symptoms. OTHER: Advances in emerging technologies for diagnostics and screening may lead to a shift in the entire GERD treatment model, offering less invasive options and potentially improving patients' quality of life.

• MeSH
• analýza nákladů a výnosů * MeSH
• gastroezofageální reflux * diagnóza   terapie   ekonomika   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• inhibitory protonové pumpy * terapeutické užití   ekonomika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH