Despite positive prior results obtained by using event-related potentials (ERPs) in psychiatric patients, they are not routinely used in the clinical setting. This may in part be due to problems regarding a lack of transportable equipment availability. It can be difficult for these patients to repeatedly visit electrophysiological laboratories. To address this issue, we propose using a new, fully portable device for visually evoked potentials (VEP) and cognitive function assessment, that can be used for quick examinations (https://www.veppeak.com). Our device, called "VEPpeak", is built into a headset with a color LED visual stimulator. It weighs 390 g and is connected to a notebook (PC) with evaluation software via USB. In this pilot study, we verified the device's usability in 31 patients with schizophrenia. We used the oddball paradigm with the recognition of colors for the P300 wave and choice reaction time evaluation. The examination lasted only about ten minutes. The results indicated good reproducibility of large cognitive potentials (P300) with prolonged P300 latencies and reduced amplitudes in patients compared to 15 control subjects. The P300 latency and reaction time prolongation in patients correlated with their age and the sedative effect of the pharmacotherapy.

• MeSH
• evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• kognice fyziologie   MeSH
• kognitivní evokované potenciály P300 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• psychiatrie * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Various disease conditions can alter EEG event-related responses and fMRI-BOLD signals. We hypothesized that event-related responses and their clinical alterations are imprinted in the EEG spectral domain as event-related (spatio)spectral patterns (ERSPat). We tested four EEG-fMRI fusion models utilizing EEG power spectra fluctuations (i.e., absolute spectral model - ASM; relative spectral model - RSM; absolute spatiospectral model - ASSM; and relative spatiospectral model - RSSM) for fully automated and blind visualization of task-related neural networks. Two (spatio)spectral patterns (high δ4 band and low β1 band) demonstrated significant negative linear relationship (pFWE < 0.05) to the frequent stimulus and three patterns (two low δ2 and δ3 bands, and narrow θ1 band) demonstrated significant positive relationship (p < 0.05) to the target stimulus. These patterns were identified as ERSPats. EEG-fMRI F-map of each δ4 model showed strong engagement of insula, cuneus, precuneus, basal ganglia, sensory-motor, motor and dorsal part of fronto-parietal control (FPCN) networks with fast HRF peak and noticeable trough. ASM and RSSM emphasized spatial statistics, and the relative power amplified the relationship to the frequent stimulus. For the δ4 model, we detected a reduced HRF peak amplitude and a magnified HRF trough amplitude in the frontal part of the FPCN, default mode network (DMN) and in the frontal white matter. The frequent-related β1 patterns visualized less significant and distinct suprathreshold spatial associations. Each θ1 model showed strong involvement of lateralized left-sided sensory-motor and motor networks with simultaneous basal ganglia co-activations and reduced HRF peak and amplified HRF trough in the frontal part of the FPCN and DMN. The ASM θ1 model preserved target-related EEG-fMRI associations in the dorsal part of the FPCN. For δ4, β1, and θ1 bands, all models provided high local F-statistics in expected regions. The most robust EEG-fMRI associations were observed for ASM and RSSM.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Although deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is generally a successful therapy, adverse events and insufficient clinical effect can complicate the treatment in some patients. We studied clinical parameters and cortical oscillations related to STN-DBS to identify patients with suboptimal responses. High-density EEG was recorded during a visual oddball three-stimuli paradigm in DBS "off" and "on" conditions in 32 PD patients with STN-DBS. Pre-processed data were reconstructed into the source space and the time-frequency analysis was evaluated. We identified a subgroup of six patients with longer reaction times (RT) during the DBS "on" state than in the DBS "off" state after target stimuli. These subjects had lower motor responsiveness to DBS and decreased memory test results compared to the other subjects. Moreover, the alpha and beta power decrease (event-related desynchronizations, ERD), known as an activation correlate linked to motor and cognitive processing, was also reduced in the DBS "on" condition in these patients. A subgroup of PD patients with a suboptimal response to STN-DBS was identified. Evaluation of RT could potentially serve as a biomarker for responsiveness to STN-DBS.

• MeSH
• hluboká mozková stimulace * MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nucleus subthalamicus * MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * terapie   MeSH
• reakční čas MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Studies examining event-related potentials (ERP) in patients affected by attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have found considerable evidence of reduced target P300 amplitude across different perceptual modalities. P300 amplitude has been related to attention-driven context comparison and resource allocation processes. Altered P300 amplitude in ADHD can be reasonably assumed to be related to ADHD typical cognitive performance deficits. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can increase the amplitude of endogenous brain oscillations. Because ERP components can be viewed as event-related oscillations (EROs), with P300 translating into the delta (0-4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) frequency range, an increase of delta and theta ERO amplitudes by tACS should result in an increase of P300 amplitudes in ADHD patients. In this pilot study, 18 adult ADHD patients (7 female) performed three consecutive blocks of a visual oddball task while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Patients received either 20 min of tACS or sham stimulation at a stimulation intensity of 1 mA. Individual stimulation frequency was determined using a time-frequency decomposition of the P300. Our preliminary results demonstrate a significant increase in P300 amplitude in the stimulation group which was accompanied by a decrease in omission errors pre-to-post tACS. However, studies including larger sample sizes are advised.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha patofyziologie   MeSH
• kognitivní evokované potenciály P300 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek fyziologie   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• přímá transkraniální stimulace mozku metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

PURPOSE: The aim of this neurophysiological study was to monitor changes in the visual and cognitive function of HIV-infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Eleven adult Czech HIV+ patients, with a mean age of 35 years and CD4 cell count ≥ 230 × 106 cells/L of blood at the time of enrollment, underwent four to six examinations over the course of 2.5 years to evaluate pattern-reversal and motion-onset visual evoked potentials (P-VEPs and M-VEPs), visually driven oddball event-related potentials (ERPs) and Montreal Cognitive Assessments. In addition to evaluating the intraindividual change in the observed parameters, we also compared patient data to data from eleven age- and gender-matched controls. RESULTS: We did not find any significant differences in P-VEPs between the patients and controls or in the paired comparison of the first and last visit. The only significant finding for P-VEPs was a linear trend in prolongation of the 20' P-VEP P100 peak time. In M-VEPs, we found a significant intergroup difference in the N160 peak time recorded during the first visit for peripheral M-VEPs only. During the last visit, all N160 peak times for patients differed significantly from those of the control group. The only intervisit difference close to the level of significance was for peripheral M-VEPs, which confirmed the trend analysis. No significant differences between patients and controls were found in the ERPs, but the P300 peak time showed a significant difference between the first and last visits, as confirmed by the trend. Patient reaction time was not significantly delayed at the first visit; however, it was prolonged with time, as confirmed by the trend. CONCLUSION: Our aim was to evaluate whether antiretroviral treatment in HIV+ patients is sufficient to preserve brain visual function. The optic nerve and primary visual cortex function tested by the P-VEPs seem to be preserved. The prolongation of the M-VEPs suggests an individually detectable decline in CNS function, but these changes did not show a progression during the follow-up. From a longitudinal perspective, the trends in peak time prolongation of the 20' P-VEP, peripheral M-VEP, ERP and reaction time suggest a faster decline than that caused by aging in healthy populations, as previously described in a cross-sectional study.

• MeSH
• antiretrovirové látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroretinografie MeSH
• evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• HIV infekce farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• kognice fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• počet CD4 lymfocytů MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• reakční čas fyziologie   MeSH
• vnímání pohybu fyziologie   MeSH
• zraková ostrost fyziologie   MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• zrakové korové centrum fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Spatial and temporal resolution of brain network activity can be improved by combining different modalities. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides full brain coverage with limited temporal resolution, while electroencephalography (EEG), estimates cortical activity with high temporal resolution. Combining them may provide improved network characterization. NEW METHOD: We examined relationships between EEG spatiospectral pattern timecourses and concurrent fMRI BOLD signals using canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) with its 1st and 2nd temporal derivatives in voxel-wise general linear models (GLM). HRF shapes were derived from EEG-fMRI time courses during "resting-state", visual oddball and semantic decision paradigms. RESULTS: The resulting GLM F-maps self-organized into several different large-scale brain networks (LSBNs) often with different timing between EEG and fMRI revealed through differences in GLM-derived HRF shapes (e.g., with a lower time to peak than the canonical HRF). We demonstrate that some EEG spatiospectral patterns (related to concurrent fMRI) are weakly task-modulated. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): Previously, we demonstrated 14 independent EEG spatiospectral patterns within this EEG dataset, stable across the resting-state, visual oddball and semantic decision paradigms. Here, we demonstrate that their time courses are significantly correlated with fMRI dynamics organized into LSBN structures. EEG-fMRI derived HRF peak appears earlier than the canonical HRF peak, which suggests limitations when assuming a canonical HRF shape in EEG-fMRI. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study examining EEG-fMRI relationships among independent EEG spatiospectral patterns over different paradigms. The findings highlight the importance of considering different HRF shapes when spatiotemporally characterizing brain networks using EEG and fMRI.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie metody   MeSH
• funkční zobrazování neurálních procesů metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nervová síť diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• neurovaskulární vazba fyziologie   MeSH
• psycholingvistika MeSH
• velký mozek diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• zraková percepce fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Electroencephalography (EEG) oscillations reflect the superposition of different cortical sources with potentially different frequencies. Various blind source separation (BSS) approaches have been developed and implemented in order to decompose these oscillations, and a subset of approaches have been developed for decomposition of multi-subject data. Group independent component analysis (Group ICA) is one such approach, revealing spatiospectral maps at the group level with distinct frequency and spatial characteristics. The reproducibility of these distinct maps across subjects and paradigms is relatively unexplored domain, and the topic of the present study. To address this, we conducted separate group ICA decompositions of EEG spatiospectral patterns on data collected during three different paradigms or tasks (resting-state, semantic decision task and visual oddball task). K-means clustering analysis of back-reconstructed individual subject maps demonstrates that fourteen different independent spatiospectral maps are present across the different paradigms/tasks, i.e. they are generally stable.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• elektroencefalografie metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• interpretace obrazu počítačem metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mapování mozku metody   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• počítačové zpracování signálu MeSH
• psychomotorický výkon fyziologie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• rozhodování fyziologie   MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• zraková percepce fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Objective: The poor metabolic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) has a negative impact on the developing brain. Hyperglycemia and glycemic fluctuations disrupt mainly executive functions. To assess a hypothesized deficit of the executive functions, we evaluated visual processing and reaction time in an oddball task. Methods: Oddball visual event-related potentials (ERPs), reaction time, and pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were examined in a cohort of twenty-two 12- to 18-year-old T1D patients without diabetic retinopathy at normal glycemia and in nineteen 10- to 21-year-old healthy controls. Results: The P100 peak time of the VEPs was significantly prolonged in T1D patients compared with the control group (p < 0.017). In contrast to the deteriorated sensory response, the area under the curve of the P3b component of the ERPs was significantly larger (p = 0.035) in patients, while reaction time in the same task did not differ between groups (p = 0.713). Conclusions: The deterioration on a sensory level, enhanced activity during cognitive processing, and balanced behavioral response support the view that neuroplasticity counterbalances the neural impairment by enhanced cognitive processing to achieve normal behavioral performance in T1D adolescents.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• diabetická retinopatie metabolismus   MeSH
• evokované potenciály MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin analýza   MeSH
• hyperglykemie patofyziologie   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mozek patofyziologie   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• pohyb těles MeSH
• reakční čas * MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Adaptive interactions with the outer world necessitate effective connections between cognitive and executive functions. The primary motor cortex (M1) with its control of the spinal cord motor apparatus and its involvement in the processing of cognitive information related to motor functions is one of the best suited structures of this cognition-action connection. The question arose whether M1 might be involved also in situations where no overt or covered motor action is present. METHODS: The EEG data analyzed were recorded during an oddball task in one epileptic patient (19 years) with depth multilead electrodes implanted for diagnostic reasons into the M1 and several prefrontal areas. RESULTS: The main result was the finding of an evoked response to non-target stimuli with a pronounced late component in all frontal areas explored, including three loci of the M1. The late component was implicated in the evaluation of predicted and actual action and was synchronized in all three precentral loci and in the majority of prefrontal loci. CONCLUSION: The finding is considered as direct evidence of functional involvement of the M1 in cognitive activity not related to motor function. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results contribute to better understanding of neural mechanisms underlying cognition.

• MeSH
• elektroencefalografie metody   MeSH
• kognice fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motorické korové centrum fyziologie   MeSH
• světelná stimulace metody   MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

PURPOSE: The implantation of an intraocular telescope increases life quality in patients with end-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The present study monitored changes in electrophysiological markers of visual processing before and during seventeen months after a novel mirror telescope implantation in two patients (OV-male 90 years, MZ-female 70 years) with the final-stage form of AMD. METHODS: Visual evoked potentials were recorded to high-contrast pattern-reversal (PR-VEP for check size 40' and 10'), low-contrast motion-onset stimuli (in visual periphery M-VEP M20°, and in central part M-VEP C8°), and event-related potentials (ERPs) in the oddball visual paradigm. RESULTS: MZ's more systematic responses showed attenuation and prolongation of the M-VEP M20° and the PR-VEP 40' immediately after the telescope implantation with a slow amplitude recovery with unchanged prolonged latency. The implantation completely eradicated the M-VEP C8° without any restoration. The PR-VEP 10' were not readable. Only a part of OV's PR-VEP 40' and M-VEP M20' were of a repeatable and expected morphology. These OV's VEPs were consistent with MZ's findings. The ERPs did not show any effect of implantation in both patients. Post-implantation visual acuity and reaction time overcame the pre-implantation levels. CONCLUSIONS: The mirror telescope preserved peripheral vision in contrast to classic telescopes; however, the telescope concurrently reduced the luminance of the magnified retinal image, which was likely responsible for the prolongation of the VEP latencies.

• MeSH
• čočky * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makulární degenerace * patofyziologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• rozpoznávání obrazu fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• teleskopy * MeSH
• zraková ostrost MeSH
• zraková percepce fyziologie   MeSH
• zrakové evokované potenciály * MeSH
• zrakové protézy * normy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH