Parvovirus B19 způsobuje klasické dětské exantémové onemocnění známé jako 5. dětská nemoc (erythema infectiosum) se sezónním výskytem, zpravidla se zvýrazněním ve 3až 5letých cyklech. Výrazně vyšší incidence je pozorována celosvětově od roku 2023. stejně jako u předchozích nápadných vln dalších virových onemocnění (např. rsV a chřipky) se i v tomto případě nabízí souvislost s covidovou pandemií (skokové promoření po 2letých sociálních restrikcích). Článek přináší pohled hematologa, demonstrovaný na souboru pacientů se symptomatickou parvovirovou infekcí prokázanou metodou pcr na klinice dětské hematologie a onkologie 2. lF uk a Fn Motol za období 12 let (02/2012–06/2024). cílem není epidemiologická analýza, ale zviditelnění problematiky v českém periodiku a zdokumentování pestrosti hematologické manifestace této infekce.
Parvovirus B19 is the causative agent of classical childhood illness known as the 5th disease or erythema infectiosum. the occurrence has a seasonal character, with more dominant waves every 3 to 5 years. remarkably higher incidence since 2023 is observed globally. similarly to recent distinct waves od rsV and influenza, even in this case we can suspect a connection with covid pandemic (rapid contagion after 2 years of social restrictions). the article describes a cohort of patients with pcr confirmed symptomatic parvovirus B19 infection during a period of 12 years (02/2012-06/2024) at the department of pediatric Hematology and oncology, Motol university Hospital. We do not aim at thorough epidemiological analysis, but rather focus on bringing the topic to the czech pediatric community and describe hematological variety of parvovirus B19 infection.
- MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic etiology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Erythema Infectiosum * diagnosis epidemiology drug therapy MeSH
- Anemia, Hemolytic diagnosis etiology MeSH
- Immunosuppression Therapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Parvovirus B19, Human * pathogenicity MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Antilymphocyte Serum * therapeutic use MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic * drug therapy MeSH
- Cyclosporine * therapeutic use MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Immunosuppressive Agents * therapeutic use MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Horses MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Rabbits MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Letter MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (hMDS) and aplastic anemia (AA) are rare hematopoietic disorders characterized by pancytopenia with hypoplastic bone marrow (BM). hMDS and idiopathic AA share overlapping clinicopathological features, making a diagnosis very difficult. The differential diagnosis is mainly based on the presence of dysgranulopoiesis, dysmegakaryocytopoiesis, an increased percentage of blasts, and abnormal karyotype, all favouring the diagnosis of hMDS. An accurate diagnosis has important clinical implications, as the prognosis and treatment can be quite different for these diseases. Patients with hMDS have a greater risk of neoplastic progression, a shorter survival time and a lower response to immunosuppressive therapy compared with patients with AA. There is compelling evidence that these distinct clinical entities share a common pathophysiology based on the damage of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) by cytotoxic T cells. Expanded T cells overproduce proinflammatory cytokines (interferon‐γ and tumor necrosis factor‐α), resulting in decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of HSPCs. The antigens that trigger this abnormal immune response are not known, but potential candidates have been suggested, including Wilms tumor protein 1 and human leukocyte antigen class I molecules. Our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these BM failure syndromes has been improved by next‐generation sequencing, which has enabled the identification of a large spectrum of mutations. It has also brought new challenges, such as the interpretation of variants of uncertain significance and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. The present review discusses the main clinicopathological differences between hMDS and acquired AA, focuses on the molecular background and highlights the importance of molecular testing.
- MeSH
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune etiology genetics MeSH
- Immunity genetics immunology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases etiology genetics MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Bone Marrow Failure Disorders etiology genetics MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
... Specialized techniques in bone marrow diagnosis -- Bone marrow reporting and quality assurance -- Anemias ... ... -- Aplastic anemia -- Congenital & acquired erythroblastopenia -- Congenital & acquired erythrocytosis ...
4th Edition 2 svazky ; 29 cm
- MeSH
- Bone Marrow Diseases MeSH
- NML Fields
- hematologie a transfuzní lékařství
- NML Publication type
- monografie
... BAIN 1020 -- 804 149 Approach to the Anemias ROBERTT. ... ... and Intravascular Hemolytic Anemias MARC MICHEL 1040 -- 829 152 Hemolytic Anemias: Red Blood Cell Membrane ... ... STABLER 1069 -- 156 Aplastic Anemia and Related Bone Marrow Failure States 1077 -- 852 GROVER C. ... ... of Human mmunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 2238 -- LARRY W. ... ... COHEN -- 364 Antiretroviral Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency -- Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency ...
26th edition 2 svazky : ilustrace ; 30 cm
- Conspectus
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NML Fields
- vnitřní lékařství
- NML Publication type
- kolektivní monografie
... Longo z - Anemia and Polycythemia 385 jehn W. Adamson, Dan L. ... ... Longo -- 93 Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias 683 -- John W. ... ... Benz, Jr. 95 Megaloblastic Anemias 698 -- A. ... ... Victor Hojfbrand -- 96 Hemolytic Anemias 708 -- Lucio Luzzatto -- 97 Anemia Due to Acute Blood Loss 723 ... ... Longo -- 98 Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes Including -- Aplastic Anemia and Myelodysplasia 723 -- Neal ...
20th edition. 2 svazky (xli, 3528, I-214 stran) : ilustrace ; 29 cm
- MeSH
- Internal Medicine * MeSH
- Conspectus
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NML Fields
- vnitřní lékařství
- NML Publication type
- kolektivní monografie
- učebnice vysokých škol
Alogenní transplantace kmenových buněk krvetvorby (HSCT) je v současné době úspěšně používána v léčbě řady nemaligních onemocnění krvetvorby. Jedná se zejména o získaná a vrozená selhání kostní dřeně. Metodou volby je transplantace od HLA identického sourozence (matched sibling donor - MSD), lepších výsledků je dlouhodobě dosahováno s použitím štěpu kostní dřeně. Přípravné režimy a prevence reakce štěpu proti hostiteli se liší v závislosti na základním onemocnění, věku a klinickém stavu pacienta, druhu dárce a štěpu kmenových buněk. Transplantace od MSD je metodou volby první linie u dětí a mladších dospělých s těžkou formou aplastické anémie (severe aplastic anemia - SAA). U hemoglobinopatií a syndromů vrozeného selhání kostní dřeně je v poslední době trend k léčbě alogenní transplantací od MSD v mladším věku, před rozvojem závažných komplikací a orgánového postižení v důsledku přetížení železem. Zároveň s trvale se zlepšujícími výsledky nepříbuzenských transplantací se také jejich indikace v nemaligní hematologii postupně rozšiřují. Hlavním cílem HSCT v posledních letech není jen zvyšování procenta přežívajících pacientů, ale také co nejlepší kvalita jejich života, minimalizace časných komplikací i pozdních následků léčby.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is currently successfully used in the treatment of many non-malignant hematopoietic disorders, including acquired and inherited bone marrow failure. HSCT from a HLA-identical sibling donor (MSD) is the treatment of choice, better results are achieved using bone marrow graft. Conditioning regimens and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis are different in dependence on the underlying disease, age and clinical condition of the patient, type of donor and stem cell graft. Transplantation from MSD is the first-line treatment for children and young adults with SAA. Patients with hemoglobinopathies and inherited bone marrow failure syndromes with available MSD should be referred for transplantation as soon as possible, before the development of serious complications and iron overload-related tissue damage. Indications for HSCT from matched unrelated donor in the treatment of non-malignant hematopoietic disorders are expanding in dependence on very good results in the last two decades. The aim of successfully HSCT is not only to increase the percentage of surviving patients but also to improve the quality of life with the minimum of early complications and late effects.
- MeSH
- Agranulocytosis diagnosis genetics therapy MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Fanconi Anemia diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Hemoglobinopathies diagnosis classification therapy MeSH
- Transplantation, Homologous MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Bone Marrow Diseases diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Anemia, Sickle Cell mortality therapy MeSH
- Thalassemia diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation * MeSH
- Rare Diseases MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
Anémie, definovaná jako pokles koncentrace hemoglobinu pod dolní hranici normálních hodnot, je projevem mnoha chorobných stavů a pro adekvátní terapii pacienta je vždy nutné diferenciálně diagnosticky upřesnit její příčinu. Článek využívá morfologického dělení anemií na makrocytární, normocytární a mikrocytární a jako zvláštní skupinu vyčleňuje anémie se zvýšeným počtem retikulocytů v periferní krvi. Popsány jsou jednak klinické jednotky známé a obecně rozšířené, jako anémie sideropenická či anémie chronických chorob, ale také jednotky raritní, na které je však třeba v diagnostice anemického pacienta vždy pomýšlet. Incidence těchto vzácných onemocnění se navíc zvyšuje v důsledku zavedení molekulárně genetických metod do diagnostiky, prodlužující se délky přežití nemocných a také rapidně se zvyšující migrace z oblastí s endemickým výskytem těchto onemocnění. U každé klinické jednotky je popsána etiologie, základní patofyziologické mechanismy a klinické příznaky spolu s diagnostickými vyšetřeními. Terapie je, z důvodu diferenciálně diagnostického zaměření článku, zmíněna jen okrajově. Autoři jsou členy Centra pro vzácné choroby krvetvorby ÚHKT, které se zaměřuje zejména na vrozené a získané choroby červené krevní řady.
Anemia, defined as hemoglobin level under lower normal limit, is a symptom of different pathologic conditions and the accuratedifferential diagnosis is necessary to determine the cause of anemia. The article uses the morphological classification of anemiato distinguish macrocytic, normocytic and microcytic types of anemias and divides anemias with increased amount of peripheralblood reticulocytes as a special group. It describes commonly known clinical units as iron deficiency anemia or anemia ofchronic disease, as so as rare clinical units, which are always need to think about in a differential diagnosis of an anemic patient.There is an increasing incidence of rare blood disorders due to introduction of molecular genetics methods into diagnostics,prolonged overall survival of patients and increasing migration from areas with endemic occurrence of these diseases. Etiology,basic pathophysiological mechanisms, main clinical features together with important diagnostic examinations are described byeach clinical unit. Due to the differential diagnostic focus of the article only basic knowledge about therapy is mentioned. Theauthors are members of the IHBT Center for Rare Disorders of Hematopoiesis, which is focused mainly on congenital and acquireddisorders of red blood cell.
- MeSH
- alpha-Thalassemia diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Anemia * diagnosis classification pathology MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic pathology MeSH
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune etiology pathology MeSH
- beta-Thalassemia diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Spherocytosis, Hereditary pathology MeSH
- Iron Deficiencies MeSH
- Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan diagnosis pathology therapy MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Fanconi Anemia pathology MeSH
- Hemoglobinopathies MeSH
- Anemia, Hypochromic diagnosis etiology pathology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Anemia, Macrocytic MeSH
- Anemia, Megaloblastic diagnosis etiology MeSH
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes pathology MeSH
- Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal diagnosis pathology therapy MeSH
- Reticulocyte Count MeSH
- Anemia, Sickle Cell diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Iron MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (AATP) is a rare hematological disorder characterized by severe thrombocytopenia and a complete or near-to complete absence of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, while granulopoiesis, as well as erythropoiesis are usually preserved. Although autoimmune mechanisms are believed to be causative, the exact underlying pathogenesis is not known. To date, only few cases have been reported and management of this disease remains controversial with immunosuppression being the treatment modality of choice in the majority of patients. In this article, we report a case of newly acquired AATP without an associated autoimmune disease, refractory to corticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and second-generation TPO (thrombopoietin) agonists, which have recently been approved for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Finally, in accordance with other reports, disease progression into aplastic anemia has occurred.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic diagnosis drug therapy etiology MeSH
- Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic complications diagnosis drug therapy MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Anemia * etiology chemically induced classification MeSH
- Anticoagulants classification adverse effects MeSH
- Anemia, Aplastic MeSH
- Adaptation, Biological MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Dyspnea * etiology MeSH
- Anemia, Hemolytic diagnosis classification MeSH
- Anemia, Hypochromic MeSH
- Blood Cell Count MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasms MeSH
- Hypertension, Pulmonary MeSH
- Polycythemia diagnosis classification MeSH
- Thromboembolism diagnosis etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH