beans Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Syrové fazole obsahují několik toxických látek a mohou vyvolat otravu. To naneštěstí v české populaci není všeobecně známo, běžně se proto vyskytují případy jejich pojídání dětmi i dospělými, což vede k toxickým projevům. Za posledních 10 let Toxikologické informační středisko (TIS) odpovídalo téměř na 500 dotazů laiků i zdravotníků na první pomoc a léčení těchto otrav. Příznaky zpravidla zahrnovaly zvracení, bolest břicha a průjem. Pro první pomoc a inaktivaci fasinu i kyanogenních glykosidů, které se vyskytují především v okrasných a exotických fazolích, je třeba podat aktivní uhlí, zahájit sledování a popřípadě symptomatickou terapii s náhradou tekutin. Od výplachu žaludku i podání laxativ se ustupuje, endoskopické odstranění fazolí se nedoporučuje. Příznaky kyanidové toxicity s nutností podání antidota TIS dosud nezaznamenal, a nejsou ani popsány v publikovaných kazuistikách, nelze je však vyloučit po konzumaci jihoamerických fazolí. Je třeba více informovat veřejnost o toxicitě syrových fazolí a významu jejich původu, neboť podle vzhledu fazolové boby rozlišit nelze.
Raw beans contain several toxic substances and can cause poisoning. Unfortunately, this is not generally known in the Czech population, so there are common cases of ingestions by children and adults, leading to toxic manifestations. Over the last 10 years, the Toxicological Information Center (TIC) has answered almost 500 calls from lay people and healthcare professionals concerning the first aid and treatment of these poisonings. Symptoms usually included vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. For first aid and inactivation of fasin and cyanogenic glycosides, which occur mainly in decorative and exotic beans, it is necessary to administer activated charcoal and start observation and symptomatic treatment, if needed, including fluid replacement therapy. Gastric lavage and laxative administration are abandoned, and endoscopic removal of beans is not recommended. Symptoms of cyanide toxicity with the need for antidote have not yet been reported to TIC, neither in the published case reports, but cannot be ruled out after consumption of South American beans. There is an urgent need to inform the public about the toxicity of raw beans and the importance of their origin, as they cannot be distinguished according to the appearance of the beans.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fazol * otrava toxicita MeSH
- jedovaté rostliny otrava toxicita MeSH
- kyanidy otrava toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- noxy otrava toxicita MeSH
- otrava rostlinami diagnóza terapie MeSH
- semena rostlinná otrava toxicita MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- syrová strava otrava toxicita MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
World review of nutrition and dietetics ; Vol. 60
260 s. : obr., tab.
- Klíčová slova
- potraviny - hodnota nutriční - monografie,
Aspergillus chevalieri and Penicillium steckii grew best at 30 degrees C and at pH of 6.5-7.5. Among the carbon sources employed, sucrose supported maximum growth of A. chevalieri while glucose was best for P. steckii. Growth of both organisms was optimal on ammonium tartrate as the sole source of nitrogen. A. chevalieri and P. steckii grew in synthetic media containing, respectively, soluble or insoluble cellulose as the sole carbon source, releasing a cellulolytic enzyme into the medium. The enzymes from each organism were separated and partially purified by molecular exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography into two components. There was synergism between the components of enzymes from each organism in that they together released more glucose units from insoluble cellulose than could be predicted from their activities alone. The molar mass of the enzymes estimated from the elution volume on Sephadex was approximately 110 kg/mol for A. chevalieri and 94 kg/mol for P. steckii.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus enzymologie růst a vývoj účinky záření MeSH
- celulasa biosyntéza MeSH
- dusík metabolismus MeSH
- gelová chromatografie MeSH
- kakaovník mikrobiologie MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- Penicillium enzymologie růst a vývoj účinky záření MeSH
- substrátová specifita MeSH
- světlo MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- uhlík metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Na podkladě literárního příběhu se rozvádějí poznatky o postavení semen bobovitých rostlin ve výživě.
- MeSH
- Fabaceae chemie otrava škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kontaminace potravin analýza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is an endogenous bioluminescence phenomenon present in all biological samples with an active oxidative metabolism, even without an external pre-illumination. To verify the potential of UPE for non-invasive monitoring of metabolism and growth in germinating plants, the aim of this study was to investigate the UPE from a model system - germinating mung bean seedlings (Vigna radiata) - and analyze the statistical properties of UPE during the growth in two different conditions of imbibition (pure water and 1% sucrose). We found that in all days and in both conditions, photocount distributions of UPE time series follow the negative binomial distribution whose parameters changed during the growth due to the increasing ratio of signal-to-detector dark count. Correspondingly for both groups, the mean values of UPE increased during the seedlings growth, while the values of Fano factor show a decreasing trend towards 1 during the 6day period. While our results do not show any significant difference in hypocotyl length and weight gain between the two groups of mung seedlings, there is an indication of a tiny suppressing effect of sucrose on UPE intensity. We believe that UPE can be exploited for a sensitive non-invasive analysis of oxidative metabolism during the plant development and growth with potential applications in agricultural research.
- MeSH
- fotony * MeSH
- klíčení * MeSH
- vigna chemie růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Biological systems manifest continuous weak autoluminescence, which is present even in the absence of external stimuli. Since this autoluminescence arises from internal metabolic and physiological processes, several works suggested that it could carry information in the time series of the detected photon counts. However, there is little experimental work which would show any difference of this signal from random Poisson noise and some works were prone to artifacts due to lacking or improper reference signals. Here we apply rigorous statistical methods and advanced reference signals to test the hypothesis whether time series of autoluminescence from germinating mung beans display any intrinsic correlations. Utilizing the fractional Brownian bridge that employs short samples of time series in the method kernel, we suggest that the detected autoluminescence signal from mung beans is not totally random, but it seems to involve a process with a negative memory. Our results contribute to the development of the rigorous methodology of signal analysis of photonic biosignals.
- MeSH
- klíčení fyziologie MeSH
- luminiscence * MeSH
- vigna růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
