INTRODUCTION: The subject of this study was the creation of a new type of laboratory walking stress test for the Special Forces of the Army of the Czech Republic. This study developed a test model that has been validated in practice and that reflects the fact that the performance of endurance without and with a load varies considerably. Especially, if we focus on operators, as their activities are always performed with loads/full gear (equipment, weapons, equipment, etc.). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 24 men/operators from the Special Forces of the Army of the Czech Republic volunteered for this study. The maximal exercise test/spiroergometry was designed to include performance at a load of 55 kg/121 lb, a constant speed of 5.3 km/h, and an increase in incline angle of 1 degree after each elapsed minute. The test was performed on a treadmill under standard time, location, and temperature conditions. During the test, the following values were recorded: VO2 = oxygen consumption indicating the intensity of the exercise was monitored, VO2/kg = oxygen consumption converted to body weight, VO2/HR = pulse oxygen (the amount of oxygen converted in one heartbeat), HR = heart rate, VE = ventilation, volume of air exhaled in 1 min, breathe frequency (BF) = respiratory rate in 1 min. RESULTS: Out of the total number of 24 respondents, the study found these mean values of variables. The variable mapping the oxygen consumption, which indicates the intensity of VO2 loading, was 3.8, with the lowest value being 3.2 and the highest being 4.5. After converting oxygen consumption to bodyweight, VO2/kg was 46, the lowest value of 38.8, and the highest 53.0 were measured for this variable. Pulse oxygen, i.e., the amount of oxygen calculated per heart contraction VO2/HR, was 20.5, the lowest value 16.0, and the highest 26.0. The average HR heart rate was 183.5, with the lowest value being recorded at 164 and the highest value is 205. Ventilation, i.e., the amount of exhaled air per minute in VE, was measured at 144.9, the lowest value was 114.7, and the highest was 176.6. The BF in 1 min was 58.5, the lowest value 35, and the highest 70. The mean time load was 10:20 min, the shortest test length was 7:25 min, and the longest was 13:23 min. These values correspond to the degree of inclination of the ascent, i.e., the mean value was 10 degrees, the smallest achieved slope was 7 degrees, and the largest 13 degrees. CONCLUSION: The designed weighted walking test proved to be fully functional and effective in measurement. The further established protocol corresponds to the requirements of the current needs of the Special Forces of the Army of the Czech Republic. Last but not least, the walking stress test is applied for the external and internal selection and screening of operators. Data obtained from testing were used to develop deployment requirements for patrol/nuclear combat missions.

• MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• cvičení * fyziologie   MeSH
• kyslík MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku * fyziologie   MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The existence of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons poses a significant problem in terms of possible proliferation of technologies and materials, despite international agreements and regulations. The role of military forces in operations can be to support counter-proliferation initiatives to prevent their acquisition, deployment, or employment. The article analyzes the current situation in the field of site exploitation under CBRN environments, with a specific focus on biological threats. It describes a current state and a research question, which is addressed on the basis of scenario analysis methodology. The result is a scenario for the activities of troops in CBRN environments, which illustrates the possible operational reality during the localization of biological sites, their characterization and exploitation. The following application part presents proposals for the division of phases of the exploitation process and a proposal for the determination of CBRN and medical specialists of the Czech Armed Forces as the implementation elements.

• MeSH
• biologické bojové látky MeSH
• nasazení ozbrojených sil * MeSH
• odborná způsobilost MeSH
• ozbrojené síly klasifikace   MeSH
• techniky plánování MeSH
• výzkum organizace a řízení   MeSH
• zbraně hromadného ničení * MeSH

• MeSH
• Betacoronavirus MeSH
• COVID-19 MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby MeSH
• vakcíny proti COVID-19 MeSH
• virové vakcíny MeSH
• Publikační typ
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• infekční lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

Food and catering and its impact on health and life satisfaction of coalition soldiers during their deployment on a military operation in the Middle East area was the aim of our research. Our fundamental research question was how food and catering in the military operational environment affects the life satisfaction and health of deployed soldiers.

• MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osobní uspokojení * MeSH
• ozbrojené síly * MeSH
• stravovací služby * MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Dánsko MeSH
• Spojené království MeSH
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

Východiská: Chronický bolestivý stav nedostatočne reagujúci na tradičnú analgetickú liečbu výrazne znižuje kvalitu života pacientov. Ciele: Cieľom práce bolo zistiť, či hyperbarická oxygenoterapia (HBOT) môže u závažných algických stavov s nedostatočným efektom farmakoterapie ovplyvniť bolesť ako aj ďalšie symptómy. Metodika: V práci uvádzame poznatky zo štúdií uverejnených v elektronických databázach a v časopisoch do mája 2015, zameraných na účinok HBOT na neuropatickú bolesť, bolesť u fibromyalgie a komplexný regionálny bolestivý syndróm. Výsledky: V pokusoch na zvieratách bola neuropatická bolesť demonštrovaná nasadením ligatúr na nervus ischadicus. Opakované aplikácie HBOT viedli k dlhodobej antinociceptívnej fáze, k inhibícii aktivácie astrocytov, ako aj k zmierneniu zápalu. U pacientov s neuralgiou trigeminu sa po HBOT dostavil rýchly a dlhotrvajúci analgetický účinok. U pacientov s fibromyalgiou úpravou abnormálnej mozgovej funkcie došlo k zvýšeniu prahu bolesti, k zníženiu počtu tender points a k zníženej spotrebe analgetík. Okrem toho sa zlepšil spánok, kognitívne funkcie a zvýšila sa energia pre denné úlohy. U komplexného regionálneho bolestivého syndrómu HBOT zvýšenou koncentráciou kyslíka ovplyvnila lokálnu hypoxiu, čo viedlo k zmierneniu bolesti a edému, ako aj k vzostupu rozsahu pohybu. Záver: HBOT u vyššie uvedených závažných diagnóz mala signifikantný analgetický účinok, navyše ovplyvnila aj ďalšie symptómy negatívne pôsobiace na kvalitu života.

Background: Chronic painful condition insufficiently responding to traditional analgesic treatment significantly worsens the patients´ quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether the hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can influence pain and other symptoms in severe algic conditions with insufficient effect of pharmacotherapy. Methods: In the paper, we present findings from studies published in electronic databases and journals up to May 2015, aimed at the effect of HBOT on neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia and complex regional pain syndrome. Results: In animal experiments, neuropathic pain has been demonstrated by deployment of ligatures on nervus ischadicus. Repeated application of HBOT leads to a long-term antinociceptive phase, to inhibition of astrocytes activation as well as inflammation alleviation. Patients with trigeminal neuralgia got a quick and long-lasting analgesic effect after HBOT. In patients with fibromyalgia, brain function modification has increased pain threshold, decreased the number of tender points and reduced the use of analgesics. In addition, it improved sleep, cognitive functions and increased the energy for daily tasks. In the complex regional painful syndrome, the higher oxygen concentration of HBOT influenced the local hypoxia resulting in reduced pain and edema and increased the range of motion. Conclusion: In the above mentioned serious diagnoses, HBOT had a significant analgesic effect and additionally it also influenced other symptoms that negatively affect the quality of life.

• MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• hyperbarická oxygenace * využití   MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• komplexní regionální syndromy bolesti diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• neuralgie diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH

AIMS: Manual thrombectomy has been proposed as a strategy to reduce thrombus burden during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the effectiveness of manual thrombectomy in reducing thrombus burden is uncertain. In this substudy of the TOTAL (ThrOmbecTomy versus PCI ALone) trial, we compared the thrombus burden at the culprit lesion using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients treated with thrombectomy vs. PCI-alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: The TOTAL trial (N = 10 732) was an international, multicentre, randomized trial of thrombectomy (using the Export catheter, Medtronic Cardiovascular, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. The OCT substudy prospectively enrolled 214 patients from 13 sites in 5 countries. Optical coherence tomography was performed immediately after thrombectomy or PCI-alone and then repeated after stent deployment. Thrombus quantification was performed by an independent core laboratory blinded to treatment assignment. The primary outcome of pre-stent thrombus burden as a percentage of segment analysed was 2.36% (95% CI: 1.73-3.22) in the thrombectomy group and 2.88% (95% CI: 2.12-3.90) in the PCI-alone group (P = 0.373). Absolute pre-stent thrombus volume was not different (2.99 vs. 3.74 mm(3), P = 0.329). Other secondary outcomes of pre-stent quadrants of thrombus, post-stent atherothrombotic burden, and post-stent atherothrombotic volume were not different between groups. CONCLUSION: Manual thrombectomy did not reduce pre-stent thrombus burden at the culprit lesion compared with PCI-alone. Both strategies were associated with low thrombus burden at the lesion site after the initial intervention to restore flow.

• MeSH
• čas zasáhnout při rozvinutí nemoci MeSH
• infarkt myokardu chirurgie   MeSH
• koronární angioplastika metody   MeSH
• koronární trombóza chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci koronárních tepen chirurgie   MeSH
• optická koherentní tomografie MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• stenty MeSH
• trombektomie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Kazuistika popisuje případ pacienta, s náhodně ultrasonograficky verifikovaným hypoechogenním ložiskem jater. Následné CT vyšetření ukázalo vztah ložiska ke stěně duodena. V rámci došetřování byly postupně vyloučeny malignita, absces či zánětlivé onemocnění duodena s fistulací do jater. Následná ezofagogastroduodenoskopie prokázala vřed bulbu duodena s penetrací do jater. Terapeuticky byl zvolen konzervativní postup s nasazením maximální perorální dávky inhibitorů protonové pumpy s úplnou restitucí stavu. Pacient byl po celou dobu asymptomatický.

Case report describes a patient with accidentally discovered hypoechogenic liver mass diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography and confirmed by CT scan and also the relationship to the wall of the duodenum was founded. The patient was examined and gradually the malignancy, abscess or an inflammatory disease of the duodenum with the liver fistula were excluded. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was done and the deep duodenal bulb ulcer with penetration into the liver was detected. It was decided about conservative therapeutical approach with the deployment of the maximum oral dose of proton pump inhibitors with full condition restitution. The patient was asymptomatic throughout.

• MeSH
• antikoagulancia škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• asymptomatické nemoci terapie   MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci jater diagnóza   etiologie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• perforace peptického vředu diagnóza   etiologie   komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• ultrasonografie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• lékařská informatika MeSH
• telemedicína MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• lékařská informatika

One of the key requirements of the biodefense system of the Czech Armed Forces is a capability to identify the biological warfare agents (BWA). In this regard the Central Military Health Institute that is responsible for the biodefense in the Czech Armed Forces took part in 10thAnnual international comparative exercise of the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) military biological laboratories. The aim of this test was the identification of Bacillus anthracis in unknown samples which were contaminated by different disinfectants. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was chosen as optimal method for this exercise because of a robustness, speed and flexibility of this method. Due to the presence of a disinfectant the identification procedure could only be conducted after including an additional step to sample preparation. Tandem mass spectrometry was selected as a confirmatory method for the exercise. Our test result was in full agreement with the exercise design. This exercise confirmed that method of provisional identification deployable in mobile component of biodefense system of the Czech Armed Forces is sensitive and robust for use in the field conditions. The tandem mass spectrometry analysis confirmed PCR results and verified the valuable confirmatory role of mass spectrometry in the identification of biological agents.

• MeSH
• Bacillus anthracis genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky metody   přístrojové vybavení   využití   MeSH
• biologické bojové látky MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   genetika   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• laboratoře MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nebezpečné látky izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce metody   přístrojové vybavení   využití   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• vojenská věda MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Current RFID technology deployment is limited by safety, procedural and physical limitations in healthcare field. It is important to define and ensure safe operation of technologies without actual deployment in real operation. Potential problems could arise due to the consequences of technical and physical characteristics of RFID technology and its improper location. This article deals with manipulation of blood products and the definition of suitable places for radio identification. Each suitable place must undergo laboratory experiments and tests. The results can provide a convenient base for defining efficient and safe deployment of RFID technology in Blood Centers with substantial financial savings for Czech healthcare.

• MeSH
• identifikace na rádiové frekvenci - prostředky organizace a řízení   MeSH
• krevní banky MeSH
• označování výrobků metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH