• MeSH
• aktivační analýza MeSH
• kovy analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radiometrie MeSH
• spektrální analýza MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy analýza   MeSH
• znečištění životního prostředí analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

The aim of solidification of ashes is to reduce the bioavailability of toxic heavy metals. The review focuses on comparison of water leachability of raw ashes and ashes solidified with cement. The leachates of raw ashes were toxic due to increased concentrations of trace elements, in particular Cd, As, and Se. On solidification leachability of most of the toxic metals significantly decreased, but their ecotoxicity did not decrease to the expected extent.

• MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• látky znečišťující vzduch analýza   MeSH
• stopové prvky izolace a purifikace   toxicita   MeSH
• testy toxicity MeSH
• těžké kovy izolace a purifikace   toxicita   MeSH

The title method was used for phytoremediation of soils. The experiments were performed with leaves of willow (S. smithiana, S. alba, S. rubens and S. dasyclados) grown in soil contaminated with heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Pb), The ability of the leaves to accumulate these metals was confirmed. The total contents of metals in 0.02 mol l?1 Tris buffer (pH 7.5) and in 1 mol l?1 sodium hydroxide extracts were determined. Size exclusion chromatography combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for separation and determination of metals in the extracts. The metals in the extracts are present mainly in low-molecular-weight fractions (M ? 2 kDa). These fractions were obtained by preparative size exclusion chromatography and refined by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The compounds in the fractions were analyzed by amino acid analysis and MALDI mass spectrometry. The results show that majority of heavy metals in willow biomass remained in insoluble residue whereas the extracts contain substantial amounts of chelating agents, which suggests their role in metal detoxication processes in willow plants.

• MeSH
• chromatografie afinitní metody   MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• regenerace a remediace životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• Salix metabolismus   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• stopové prvky izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   MeSH

• MeSH
• fyziologie výživy MeSH
• nutriční nároky MeSH
• stopové prvky normy   metabolismus   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
• vnitřní lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

• MeSH
• antropologie fyzická MeSH
• dietetika MeSH
• fyziologie výživy MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň MeSH
• paleopatologie MeSH
• stopové prvky MeSH
• těžké kovy MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Antropologie
• NLK Obory
• antropologie

• MeSH
• archeologie MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň chemie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   MeSH
• věkové skupiny MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH

It is well known that road transport emits various trace elements into the environment, which are deposited in soils in the vicinity of roads, so-called roadside soils, and thus contributes to the deterioration of their chemical state. The aim of this work was to determine concentrations of some metals and metalloids (arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn)) in soils from crossroads with traffic signals, which are characterized by deceleration of vehicles and increased emissions of elements related mainly to brake and tyre wear. The results confirmed a moderate enrichment of soils with Cu, Pb, and Zn (enrichment factor (EF) values > 2) and significant enrichment for Sb (EF > 5), while the other elements showed no or minimal enrichment. The age of crossroads proved to have a positive influence on the accumulation of some elements in soils with the largest differences for Cu, Fe, Pb, Sb, and Zn (p < 0.001). Traffic volumes expressed as the average daily traffic intensity (ADTI) also positively influenced soil concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn, while distance to the crossroad had a significant negative effect on the soil concentration of Cu, Sb, and Zn (p < 0.001). The stable isotopic ratios of Pb, 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb, ranging from 1.1414 to 1.2046 and from 2.0375 to 2.1246, respectively, pointed to the mixed natural-anthropic origin of Pb in the soils of crossroads with a visible contribution of traffic-related sources. Based on the above findings combined with covariance among the studied elements using statistical methods applied to compositionally transformed data, it was possible to show that Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn clearly originated from road traffic.

• MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu * analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• půda MeSH
• stopové prvky * analýza   MeSH
• těžké kovy * analýza   MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH
• velkoměsta MeSH

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a slowly progressive, largely non-reversible pulmonary disease that is characterized by airflow limitation. The disease encompasses multiple structural and functional components, but inflammation is at the core of the disease affecting both the lungs and other organs. A number of studies have shown an increased oxidant burden and con-sequently increased markers of oxidative stress in the air-spaces, breath, blood and urine in patients with COPD. The presence of oxidative stress has important conse-quences for the pathogenesis of COPD. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is regarded as one of the causes of COPD, as it is known to damage tissues. As for antioxidants, there are various enzymes eliminating over-produced ROS. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) can be clas-sified into copper/zinc-SOD (CuZn-SOD), manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD) and iron-SOD (Fe-SOD), depending on differences in metals that are necessary for the activity. Trace elements such as Zn, Se, Mn, Cu and Fe are consid-ered to be essential for living organisms, and their supple-mentation effectively suppresses oxidative stress, inflam-mation and fibrosis, suggesting that the essential elements can potentially be used as therapeutic agents in the treat-ment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Trace elements concentrations in COPD patients are related to the role of each of the elements in the immune system.

• MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc * terapie   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mangan analýza   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• měď analýza   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• selen analýza   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• stopové prvky analýza   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zinek analýza   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• genetické nemoci vrozené MeSH
• lékařská genetika MeSH
• stopové prvky MeSH
• vrozené poruchy metabolismu MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• vnitřní lékařství

• MeSH
• hořčice rodu Brassica účinky léků   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin růst a vývoj   účinky léků   MeSH
• stopové prvky toxicita   MeSH
• těžké kovy toxicita   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH