neurotransmitter
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Studovali jsem vztahy neurotransmiterových a neuromodulačních systémů, zejména serotonergního, noradrenergního a glutamátergního, na animálních modelech bolesti, stresu, úzkosti a schizofrenie. N-feruloylserotonin ovlivňoval nocicepci pouze u potkanů s vyšším prahem bolesti, kteří byli také více úzkostní. Tato serotoninu podobná látka měla selektivní anxiolytické účinky u více úzkostných zvířat. Agonista alfa2 adrenergních receptorů – medetomidin potencoval analgézii vyvolanou selektivním blokátorem NMDA receptorů, ketaminem. Blokáda NMDA receptorů ketaminem brání rozvoji neuropatické bolesti v modelu avulze brachiálního plexu. Léze kyselinou chinolinovou v rané ontogeze zvyšuje vnímání akutní i neuropatické bolesti v dospělosti. Tato léze zpomaluje proces učení a zhoršuje paměťové schopnosti. Úzkostné chování i modulace bolesti jsou hierarchicky organizovány. Interakce intenzity vyvolávajícího podnětu a fenotypu nebo genotypu chování rozhoduje o tom, jaký systém antinocicepce bude aktivován, a tedy i jaké chování bude realizováno.
The relationships of neurotransmitter and neuromodulatory systems, especially serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic, were studied on animal models of pain, stress, anxiety and schizophrenia. N-feruloylserotonin influenced the nociception in rats with higher pain threshold only. These animals were also more anxious. This serotonin-like substance exhibited selective anxiolytic effects in more anxious animals. Medetomidine – an alpha2 adrenergic agonist – potentiated ketamine-induced analgesia. Ketamine is selective blockader of NMDA receptors. Ketamine- blockade of NMDA receptors suppressed the development of neuropathic pain in the model of the brachial plexus avulsion. The CNS lesion induced by quinolinic acid in early postnatal period increased the perception of both acute and neuropathic pain in adulthood. The same lesion decelerated the learning processes and worsened memory ability. Both anxious behavior and pain modulation are hierarchically organized. Interaction of stimulus intensity and phenotype or genotype of behavior is decisive which system of antinociception will be activated and therefore which type of behavior will be realized.
- MeSH
- bolest farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- fyziologický stres patofyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- neurotransmiterové látky fyziologie MeSH
- receptory N-methyl-D-aspartátu antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- schizofrenie patofyziologie MeSH
- úzkost farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- acetylcholin farmakologie fyziologie MeSH
- neurony fyziologie MeSH
- synaptické membrány MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Inherited disorders of neurotransmitter metabolism are a group of rare diseases, which are caused by impaired synthesis, transport, or degradation of neurotransmitters or cofactors and result in various degrees of delayed or impaired psychomotor development. To assess the effect of neurotransmitter deficiencies on intelligence, quality of life, and behavior, the data of 148 patients in the registry of the International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders (iNTD) was evaluated using results from standardized age-adjusted tests and questionnaires. Patients with a primary disorder of monoamine metabolism had lower IQ scores (mean IQ 58, range 40-100) within the range of cognitive impairment (<70) compared to patients with a BH4 deficiency (mean IQ 84, range 40-129). Short attention span and distractibility were most frequently mentioned by parents, while patients reported most frequently anxiety and distractibility when asked for behavioral traits. In individuals with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, self-stimulatory behaviors were commonly reported by parents, whereas in patients with dopamine transporter deficiency, DNAJC12 deficiency, and monoamine oxidase A deficiency, self-injurious or mutilating behaviors have commonly been observed. Phobic fears were increased in patients with 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency, while individuals with sepiapterin reductase deficiency frequently experienced communication and sleep difficulties. Patients with BH4 deficiencies achieved significantly higher quality of life as compared to other groups. This analysis of the iNTD registry data highlights: (a) difference in IQ and subdomains of quality of life between BH4 deficiencies and primary neurotransmitter-related disorders and (b) previously underreported behavioral traits.
- MeSH
- chování MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp * MeSH
- inteligence MeSH
- internacionalita MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce etiologie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- neurotransmiterové látky nedostatek MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis of epilepsy involves dysregulation of the neurotransmitter system contributing to hyper-excitability of neuronal cells. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs known to play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. METHODS: The present review was prepared following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, employing a comprehensive search strategy to identify and extract data from published research articles. Keywords suchas epilepsy, micro RNA (micro RNAs, miRNA, miRNAs, miR), neurotransmitters (specific names), and neurotransmitter receptors (specific names) were used to construct the query. RESULTS: A total of 724 articles were identified using the keywords epilepsy, microRNA along with select neurotransmitter and neurotransmitter receptor names. After exclusions, the final selection consisted of 17 studies, most of which centered on glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. Singular studies also investigated miRNAs affecting cholinergic, purinergic, and glycine receptors. CONCLUSION: This review offers a concise overview of the current knowledge on miRNA-mediated regulation of neurotransmitter receptors in epilepsy and highlights their potential for future clinical application.
- MeSH
- epilepsie * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- receptory neurotransmiterů * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
