non-targeted analysis
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
Lipid oxidation is one of the most important processes occurring in living cells and has been investigated through stable end-products. Currently, new insights into many physiological and pathophysiological processes provide a measurement of the first products of oxidation, e.g., oxidized glycerophosphatidylcholines (oxGPCs). Here, we evaluate the capacity of untargeted global metabolomics to measure oxGPCs in serum samples. This evaluation covered analytical reproducibility and data quality as well as the ability to capture metabolic alterations in diverse conditions. The analytical evaluation was performed based on the quality control samples, while the comparative analysis was based on the model of the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The novelty of this approach arises not only from the measurement of oxGPCs instead of lipid peroxide-derived aldehydes but also from the stratification of the patients according to body mass index (BMI). Such a scenario was dictated by the fact that, despite the well-known relationship between obesity and T2DM development, there are lean individuals suffering from T2DM as well as obese people with normal glucose homeostasis. Our results provided evidence to support the ability of nontargeted metabolomics to measure oxGPCs. Comparative analysis of measured oxGPCs revealed differences in the level of oxGPCs either between different stages of disease development (insulin resistance, prediabetes) or BMI groups (normal weight, overweight, obese). The obtained results provided new insights into the metabolic processes leading to the development of T2DM and opened new paths in the investigation of the impact of body mass in T2DM progress.
- MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu krev metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glycerylfosforylcholin krev chemie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolom fyziologie MeSH
- metabolomika metody MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The management of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) has undergone a paradigm shift with the development of androgen receptor axis-targeted (ARAT) agents. The updated results with final overall survival (OS) data of the phase III PROSPER, SPARTAN, and ARAMIS trials have recently been reported. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis and network meta-analysis to indirectly compare the efficacy and safety of currently available treatments. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Multiple databases were searched for articles published before January 2021. Studies that compared OS and adverse events (AEs) in patients with nmCRPC were considered eligible. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Three studies (N.=4117) met our eligibility criteria. Formal network meta-analyses were conducted. ARAT agent is associated with significantly longer OS compared to placebo (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.83, P<0.001), with similar results shown for patients with both N1 and N0 disease (pooled HR 0.61 and pooled HR 0.76, respectively). In the network meta-analysis, apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide were more effective than placebo, with similar efficacies in terms of OS. For AEs (including any AEs, grade 3 or grade 4 AEs, grade 5 AEs, serious AEs, and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation), darolutamide was shown to be likely well tolerated. Quality of Life was preserved in treatment arms irrespective of the drug. CONCLUSIONS: All three ARAT agents are efficacious options for the treatment of nmCRPC, whereas darolutamide appears to have the most favorable tolerability profile. These findings may facilitate individualized treatment strategies and inform future direct comparative trials.
- MeSH
- antagonisté androgenních receptorů * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prostaty rezistentní na kastraci * farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- protinádorové látky * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
Clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC) is a recently described rare renal malignancy that displays characteristic gross, microscopic and immunohistochemical differences from other renal tumour types. However, CCPRCC remains a very poorly understood entity. We therefore sought to elucidate some of the molecular mechanisms involved in this neoplasm by carrying out targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify associated mutations, and in addition examined the expression of non-coding (nc) RNAs. We identified multiple somatic mutations in CCPRCC cases, including a recurrent [3/14 cases (21%)] non-synonymous T992I mutation in the MET proto-oncogene, a gene associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using a microarray approach, we found that the expression of mature (n = 1105) and pre-miRNAs (n = 1105), as well as snoRNA and scaRNAs (n = 2214), in CCPRCC cases differed from that of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) or papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) tumours. Surprisingly, and unlike other renal tumour subtypes, we found that all five members of the miR-200 family were over-expressed in CCPRCC cases. As these miRNAs are intimately involved with EMT, we stained CCPRCC cases for E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin and found that the tumour cells of all cases were positive for all three markers, a combination rarely reported in other renal tumours that could have diagnostic implications. Taken together with the mutational analysis, these data suggest that EMT in CCPRCC tumour cells is incomplete or blocked, consistent with the indolent clinical course typical of this malignancy. In summary, as well as describing a novel pathological mechanism in renal carcinomas, this study adds to the mounting evidence that CCPRCC should be formally considered a distinct entity. Microarray data have been deposited in the GEO database [GEO accession number (GSE51554)].
- MeSH
- DNA nádorová chemie genetika MeSH
- epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA chemie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- nádory ledvin genetika patologie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- nekódující RNA chemie genetika MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- RNA nádorová genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Non-target analysis (NTA) employing high-resolution mass spectrometry is a commonly applied approach for the detection of novel chemicals of emerging concern in complex environmental samples. NTA typically results in large and information-rich datasets that require computer aided (ideally automated) strategies for their processing and interpretation. Such strategies do however raise the challenge of reproducibility between and within different processing workflows. An effective strategy to mitigate such problems is the implementation of inter-laboratory studies (ILS) with the aim to evaluate different workflows and agree on harmonized/standardized quality control procedures. Here we present the data generated during such an ILS. This study was organized through the Norman Network and included 21 participants from 11 countries. A set of samples based on the passive sampling of drinking water pre and post treatment was shipped to all the participating laboratories for analysis, using one pre-defined method and one locally (i.e. in-house) developed method. The data generated represents a valuable resource (i.e. benchmark) for future developments of algorithms and workflows for NTA experiments.
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * chirurgie patologie radioterapie MeSH
- radioterapie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- farmakoterapie metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic farmakoterapie komplikace radioterapie MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv MeSH
- radioterapie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Optimálním léčebným postupem u nemocných s nemalobuněčným plicním karcinomem v časných stadiích (I-IIla) je plieni resekce. I u těchto operovaných pacientů nacházíme rozdíly v přežití v závislosti na některých nejčastéji uváděných prognostických faktorech. Během sledovaného období 12 let (1986-1997) byli k operaci indikováni 362 pacienti, z nichž plieni karcinom byl potvrzen u 350 nemocných. Tento soubor byl analyzován podle morfologického typu nádoru, stadia onemocnění, pohlaví, věku, zjišťované komorbidity a podle typu jednotlivé adjuvantní terapie ve vztahu k přežití. Dále jsme hodnotili senzitivitu a specificitu stážování (shodu klinického a patologického určení stadia) a vliv predoperačné a chirurgicky zjištěné shody stážování na přežití. Epidermoidní karcinom byl nalezen u 193 pacientů (55 %), adenokarcinom u 124 nemocných (36 %), velkobuněčný (anaplastický) karcinom ve 29 pripadech (8 %) a malobuněčný u 4 pacientů (1 %). Časná pooperační úmrtnost je 4 %. Pětileté přežití našeho souboru je 26 % (90 pacientů). Další výsledky jsou uvedeny v textu. Chirurgická léčba zůstává jistě optimálním terapeutickým postupem. Přežívání pacientů po operaci se za poslední desítky let výrazně neliší, i když nyní jsou k dispozici lepší diagnostické metody. Další cestou do budoucnosti bude zřejmě užití predoperační chemoterapie a biologicky cílené terapie. K dosahování stále lepších výsledků přežití je nutné zpřesnit určování stadií nemoci, užívání nových, více účinných neoadjuvantních i adjuvantních kombinací léčby, jak u časně diagnostikovaných, tak i pokročilých onemocnění.
Surgery is the most effective treatment of lung cancer (LC) in early stage disease (I-IIIa) of non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Even in resectable patients there are differences in survival accordingly to some prognostic factors. In 12 years period (1986-1997) there were 363 resected patients, in 350 of them lung cancer was confirmed. This group was analysed according to morphologic types, stages, and sex of patients, co morbidity and the type subsequent adjuvant therapy in relation to survival. Sensitivity and specificity of staging methods were also evaluated as well as the impact of staging accuracy to survival. Epidermoid cancer was found in 193 patients (55%), adenocarcinoma in 124 (36%), large cell- anaplastic type in 29 patients (8%) and small cell lung cancer in 4 patients (1%). Early postoperative mortality is 4%. 5 year after surgical resection survive 26% (90 patients). Other results are given in the text. Surgery of LC remains optimal therapeutic method. Survival of patients after lung resection doesn't change significantly in last years, even that we can use much more better diagnostic methods now. The way for the future seems to be the preoperative chemotherapy and the biologic target therapy. We need more precious staging procedures and more effective adjuvant therapeutic schedules in early as well as more advanced stages.
- MeSH
- bronchogenní karcinom chirurgie patologie terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic chirurgie terapie MeSH
- přežití MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
... Overview of studies to support the development of the analysis grid 55 -- 4. ... ... Content analysis 147 -- 7.1. Analysis grid 147 -- 7.2. Summary of main findings 150 -- 7.3. ... ... Advertising on non-linear AV media services and other online services 167 -- 7.5. ... ... services and other online services, including a content analysis 3 -- 8.2. ... ... Are minors specifically targeted by alcohol advertising? ...
184 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- alkoholické nápoje ekonomika statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- hromadné sdělovací prostředky statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- inzerce jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- marketing statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- mladiství MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- adiktologie
- sociologie
- ekonomie, ekonomika, ekonomika zdravotnictví
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy