parallel processing
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119 s. ; 22 cm
- MeSH
- kinezika MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- patologický nystagmus etiologie MeSH
- vestibulární aparát patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- vývojová biologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology allows laboratories to investigate virome composition in clinical and environmental samples in a culture-independent way. There is a need for bioinformatic tools capable of parallel processing of virome sequencing data by exactly identical methods: this is especially important in studies of multifactorial diseases, or in parallel comparison of laboratory protocols. RESULTS: We have developed a web-based application allowing direct upload of sequences from multiple virome samples using custom parameters. The samples are then processed in parallel using an identical protocol, and can be easily reanalyzed. The pipeline performs de-novo assembly, taxonomic classification of viruses as well as sample analyses based on user-defined grouping categories. Tables of virus abundance are produced from cross-validation by remapping the sequencing reads to a union of all observed reference viruses. In addition, read sets and reports are created after processing unmapped reads against known human and bacterial ribosome references. Secured interactive results are dynamically plotted with population and diversity charts, clustered heatmaps and a sortable and searchable abundance table. CONCLUSIONS: The Vipie web application is a unique tool for multi-sample metagenomic analysis of viral data, producing searchable hits tables, interactive population maps, alpha diversity measures and clustered heatmaps that are grouped in applicable custom sample categories. Known references such as human genome and bacterial ribosomal genes are optionally removed from unmapped ('dark matter') reads. Secured results are accessible and shareable on modern browsers. Vipie is a freely available web-based tool whose code is open source.
- MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genomika metody MeSH
- internet * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiota genetika MeSH
- software * MeSH
- viry genetika MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The paper describes a novel control strategy for simultaneous manipulation of several microscale particles over a planar microelectrode array using dielectrophoresis. The approach is based on a combination of numerical nonlinear optimization, which gives a systematic computational procedure for finding the voltages applied to the individual electrodes, and exploitation of the intrinsic noise, which compensates for the loss of controllability when two identical particles are exposed to identical forces. Although interesting on its own, the proposed functionality can also be seen as a preliminary achievement in a quest for a technique for separation of two particles. The approach is tested experimentally with polystyrene beads (50 microns in diameter) immersed in deionized water on a flat microelectrode array with parallel electrodes. A digital camera and computer vision algorithm are used to measure the positions. Two distinguishing features of the proposed control strategy are that the range of motion is not limited to interelectrode gaps and that independent manipulation of several particles simultaneously is feasible even on a simple microelectrode array.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- elektroforéza metody MeSH
- hluk MeSH
- mikromanipulace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- mikrosféry MeSH
- počítačové zpracování signálu přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- zpětná vazba * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Audio-visual integration has been shown to be present in a wide range of different conditions, some of which are processed through the dorsal, and others through the ventral visual pathway. Whereas neuroimaging studies have revealed integration-related activity in the brain, there has been no imaging study of the possible role of segregated visual streams in audio-visual integration. We set out to determine how the different visual pathways participate in this communication. We investigated how audio-visual integration can be supported through the dorsal and ventral visual pathways during the double flash illusion. Low-contrast and chromatic isoluminant stimuli were used to drive preferably the dorsal and ventral pathways, respectively. In order to identify the anatomical substrates of the audio-visual interaction in the two conditions, the psychophysical results were correlated with the white matter integrity as measured by diffusion tensor imaging.The psychophysiological data revealed a robust double flash illusion in both conditions. A correlation between the psychophysical results and local fractional anisotropy was found in the occipito-parietal white matter in the low-contrast condition, while a similar correlation was found in the infero-temporal white matter in the chromatic isoluminant condition. Our results indicate that both of the parallel visual pathways may play a role in the audio-visual interaction.
- MeSH
- akustická stimulace MeSH
- anizotropie MeSH
- bílá hmota fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování mozku MeSH
- sluchová percepce fyziologie MeSH
- světelná stimulace MeSH
- teorie detekce signálu fyziologie MeSH
- zobrazování difuzních tenzorů MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
- zraková percepce fyziologie MeSH
- zrakové dráhy fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
PURPOSE: To investigate the fundamental connectivity architecture of neural structures involved in the goal-directed processing of target events. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a standard oddball task. In the task, two types of visual stimuli - rare (target) and frequent - were randomly presented, and subjects were instructed to mentally count the target stimuli. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM), in combination with Bayes factors was used to compare competing neurophysiological models with different intrinsic connectivity structures and input regions within the network of brain regions underlying target stimulus processing. RESULTS: Conventional analysis of fMRI data revealed significantly greater activation in response to the target stimuli (in comparison to the frequent stimuli) in several brain regions, including the intraparietal sulci and supramarginal gyri, the anterior and posterior cingulate gyri, the inferior and middle frontal gyri, the superior temporal sulcus, the precuneus/cuneus, and the subcortical grey matter (caudate and thalamus). The most extensive cortical activations were found in the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the right lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). These three regions were entered into the DCM. A comparison on a group level revealed that the dynamic causal models in which the ACC and alternatively the IPS served as input regions were superior to a model in which the PFC was assumed to receive external inputs. No significant difference was observed between the fully connected models with ACC and IPS as input regions. Subsequent analysis of the intrinsic connectivity within two investigated models (IPS and ACC) disclosed significant parallel forward connections from the IPS to the frontal areas and from the ACC to the PFC and the IPS. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that during target stimulus processing there is a bidirectional frontoparietal information flow, very likely reflecting parallel activation of two distinct but partially overlapping attentional or attentional/event-encoding neural systems. Additionally, a simple hierarchy within the right frontal lobe is suggested with the ACC exerting influence over the PFC.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duševní procesy fyziologie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mozek fyziologie MeSH
- světelná stimulace MeSH
- zraková percepce genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
