parametric mapping
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1st ed. vii, 647 s. : il. ; 29 cm
- MeSH
- mapování mozku MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Statistika
- NLK Obory
- statistika, zdravotnická statistika
Výskyt muzikálních halucinací je spojován nejčastěji s hypakuzí, psychiatrickým onemocněním (např. obsedantně kompulzivní poruchou, schizofrenií, afektivními poruchami), fokální mozkovou lézí, epilepsií a intoxikacemi. Metodika: 60letá žena hospitalizovaná v Psychiatrickém centru Praha pro 4 roky trvající muzikální halucinace a 3 roky se rozvíjející obsedantně kompulzivní poruchu (OKP) byla vyšetřena 18FDG PET a léčena repetitivní transkraniální magnetickou stimulací (rTMS). Od 15 let je léčena pro epilepsií (v 50 letech prodělala anteromesiobazální resekci pravého temporálního laloku). V 58 letech u ní byla zjištěna hypakuze. Pacientka byla léčena fluvoxaminem, sertralinem, haloperidolem, tiapridem, melperonem, lamotriginem, gabapentinem a při hospitalizaci escitalopramem a risperidonem. Tato léčba byla bez efektu na muzikální halucinace a obsedantně kompulzivní příznaky. Výsledky: U pacientky byl detekován snížený metabolizmus pravého předního mediálního temporálního laloku. Zvýšený metabolizmus byl nalezen v orbitofrontální kůře bilaterálně – BA 11, středním/dolním frontálním gyru – BA 46 bilaterálně a levém nc. putamen. Na základě PET vyšetření byla zahájena rTMS frontálně bilaterálně (1 Hz, intenzita 100 % motorického prahu, 900 pulzů na každou hemisféru, v 17 sezeních). Během léčby rTMS nedošlo k významné změně obsedantně kompulzivních příznaků (škála Y – BOCS), ale došlo k redukci muzikálních halucinací (vizuální analogová škála) o 44 %. Diskuze: Hypometabolizmus v pravém temporálním laloku odpovídá místu po částečné resekci laloku. Hypermetabolizmus prefrontálně a v bazálních gangliích je v souladu s diagnózou OKP, ale i muzikálních halucinací. Závěr: Podle našich znalostí jde o první pozorování, že rTMS aplikovaná prefrontálně může snižovat intenzitu muzikálních halucinací.
Musical hallucinations are associated with hypacusis, psychiatric disorders (obsessive – compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, mood disorders, etc.), brain focal lesion, epilepsy and intoxication. Methods: A 60 year-old woman (with a history of epilepsy since age of 15, anteromesiobasal resection of the right temporal lobe at the age of 50 and hypacusis from the age of 58) was hospitalized at the Psychiatric centre Prague with musical hallucinations which started at age of 56 and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) since age 57. She was treated with fluvoxamine, sertraline, haloperidole, tiapride, melperone, lamotrigine, gabapentine and with escitalopram and risperidone during current hospitalizations. These CNS drugs had no effect on the musical hallucinations or obssessive- compulsive symptoms. She was assessed with 18FDG PET. Results: 18FDG PET detected a decreased metabolism in the right anterior temporal lobe and an increased metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex BA 11, middle/inferior frontal gyrus BA 46 bilateraly, and left ncl. putamen. Based on the PET scan we started to administer rTMS over the prefrontal cortex bilaterally (1 Hz, 100 % motor treshold, 900 pulses under each hemispheres in 17 sessions). We did not see a clinical improvement in the specific rating scale for OCD (Y– BOCS), but rTMS led to a reduction (Visual analog scale) in musical hallucinations by 44 %. Discussion: Hypometabolism in the right temporal lobe reflects the state after anteromesiobasal resection of the right temporal lobe. Hypermetabolism in the prefrontal cortex and nc. putamen is in agreement with neuroimaging findings for OCD and musical hallucinations. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report on influencing musical hallucinations with prefrontal rTMS.
- MeSH
- epilepsie etiologie komplikace terapie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- halucinace MeSH
- hluboká mozková stimulace trendy využití MeSH
- hudba psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody trendy využití MeSH
- nedoslýchavost komplikace MeSH
- obsedantně kompulzivní porucha etiologie terapie MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to use statistical parametric mapping of interictal positron-emission tomography using [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) to compare the brain metabolisms of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE)/hippocampal sclerosis and controls. Another aim of this study was to analyze the potential differences among patients in terms of epilepsy duration, side of hippocampal sclerosis, histopathological findings, insult in their history, and postoperative outcomes. METHODS: We analyzed FDG-PET scans from 49 patients with MTLE/hippocampal sclerosis and 24 control subjects. We analyzed the differences in regional glucose metabolism between the patients and the control group and within the patient group using multiple variables. RESULTS: We observed widespread hypometabolism in the patient group in comparison with the control group in temporal and extratemporal areas on the epileptogenic side (ES). On the nonepileptogenic side (NES), we observed the most hypometabolism in the thalamus and the anterior and middle cingulate gyrus. In the group of patients with more severe hippocampal sclerosis, we observed statistically significant hypometabolism in the insula on the ES. In patients with poor postoperative outcomes, we found statistically significant hypometabolism in the insula on the ES and the temporal pole (TP) on the NES. Patients with any insult in their history showed hypermetabolism in the TP on both sides. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there are widespread changes in metabolism in patients with MTLE in comparison to controls, either inside or outside the temporal lobe. There are significant differences among these patients in terms of postoperative outcomes, degree of hippocampal sclerosis, and insults in their history.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- epilepsie temporálního laloku diagnostické zobrazování farmakoterapie patologie chirurgie MeSH
- fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 metabolismus MeSH
- glukosa metabolismus MeSH
- hipokampus diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mozek metabolismus MeSH
- mozková kůra patologie MeSH
- pooperační období MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie metody MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- skleróza diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus patologie MeSH
- spánkový lalok patologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
xvi, 288 s. : il.
OBJECTIVE: An extension of single- and multi-channel blind deconvolution is presented to improve the estimation of the arterial input function (AIF) in quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). METHODS: The Lucy-Richardson expectation-maximization algorithm is used to obtain estimates of the AIF and the tissue residue function (TRF). In the first part of the algorithm, nonparametric estimates of the AIF and TRF are obtained. In the second part, the decaying part of the AIF is approximated by three decaying exponential functions with the same delay, giving an almost noise free semi-parametric AIF. Simultaneously, the TRF is approximated using the adiabatic approximation of the Johnson-Wilson (aaJW) pharmacokinetic model. RESULTS: In simulations and tests on real data, use of this AIF gave perfusion values close to those obtained with the corresponding previously published nonparametric AIF, and are more noise robust. CONCLUSION: When used subsequently in voxelwise perfusion analysis, these semi-parametric AIFs should give more correct perfusion analysis maps less affected by recording noise than the corresponding nonparametric AIFs, and AIFs obtained from arteries. SIGNIFICANCE: This paper presents a method to increase the noise robustness in the estimation of the perfusion parameter values in DCE-MRI.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- arterie patologie MeSH
- kontrastní látky chemie farmakokinetika MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- perfuze MeSH
- počítačová simulace MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- vylepšení obrazu * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Individuals with osteoporosis are predisposed to hip fracture during trips, stumbles or falls, but half of all hip fractures occur in those without generalised osteoporosis. By analysing ordinary clinical CT scans using a novel cortical thickness mapping technique, we discovered patches of markedly thinner bone at fracture-prone regions in the femurs of women with acute hip fracture compared with controls. METHODS: We analysed CT scans from 75 female volunteers with acute fracture and 75 age- and sex-matched controls. We classified the fracture location as femoral neck or trochanteric before creating bone thickness maps of the outer 'cortical' shell of the intact contra-lateral hip. After registration of each bone to an average femur shape and statistical parametric mapping, we were able to visualise and quantify statistically significant foci of thinner cortical bone associated with each fracture type, assuming good symmetry of bone structure between the intact and fractured hip. The technique allowed us to pinpoint systematic differences and display the results on a 3D average femur shape model. FINDINGS: The cortex was generally thinner in femoral neck fracture cases than controls. More striking were several discrete patches of statistically significant thinner bone of up to 30%, which coincided with common sites of fracture initiation (femoral neck or trochanteric). INTERPRETATION: Femoral neck fracture patients had a thumbnail-sized patch of focal osteoporosis at the upper head-neck junction. This region coincided with a weak part of the femur, prone to both spontaneous 'tensile' fractures of the femoral neck, and as a site of crack initiation when falling sideways. Current hip fracture prevention strategies are based on case finding: they involve clinical risk factor estimation to determine the need for single-plane bone density measurement within a standard region of interest (ROI) of the femoral neck. The precise sites of focal osteoporosis that we have identified are overlooked by current 2D bone densitometry methods.
- MeSH
- denzitometrie metody MeSH
- fraktury krčku femuru diagnostické zobrazování etiologie MeSH
- kostní denzita fyziologie MeSH
- krček femuru diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteoporóza komplikace diagnóza MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients are monitored periodically for cardiac involvement, including cardiac MRI with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA). Texture analysis (TA) offers an alternative approach to assess late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) without relying on GBCA administration, impacting DMD patients' care. The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of selected TA features in the LGE assessment of DMD patients. RESULTS: We developed a pipeline to extract TA features of native T1 parametric mapping and evaluated their prognostic value in assessing LGE in DMD patients. For this evaluation, five independent TA features were selected using Boruta to identify relevant features based on their importance, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to reduce the number of features, and hierarchical clustering to target multicollinearity and identify independent features. Afterward, logistic regression was used to determine the features with better discrimination ability. The independent feature inverse difference moment normalized (IDMN), which measures the pixel values homogeneity in the myocardium, achieved the highest accuracy in classifying LGE (0.857 (0.572-0.982)) and also was significantly associated with changes in the likelihood of LGE in a subgroup of patients with three yearly examinations (estimate: 23.35 (8.7), p-value = 0.008). Data are presented as mean (SD) or median (IQR) for normally and non-normally distributed continuous variables and numbers (percentages) for categorical ones. Variables were compared with the Welch t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and Chi-square tests. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. CONCLUSION: IDMN leverages the information native T1 parametric mapping provides, as it can detect changes in the pixel values of LGE images of DMD patients that may reflect myocardial alterations, serving as a supporting tool to reduce GBCA use in their cardiac MRI examinations.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- Duchennova muskulární dystrofie * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- gadolinium MeSH
- kontrastní látky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Facial allotransplantation requires a detailed arterial and venous assessment for surgical planning. Target vessels are often depleted by multiple reconstructive attempts or the severe facial injury itself. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the diagnostic performance of computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography in the preoperative assessment. METHODS: Four-dimensional (three spatial planes plus time) computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images including 126 potential vessels (76 arteries and 50 veins) from five candidates were analyzed independently by two radiologists using a four-point image quality scale. Computed tomographic versus magnetic resonance image quality was compared directly, using a computed tomographic angiography consensus read as reference standard. Vessels with metal artifact on magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or both underwent separate analyses to determine the impact of metal implants on image quality. RESULTS: Considering all 126 vessels, the mean computed tomographic image quality was superior to that of magnetic resonance angiography. When considering individual vessels, all except for major neck vessels were better visualized by computed tomography. Images of 26 vessels were degraded by metal artifact; magnetic resonance image quality was inferior for those vessels. Considering images of major vessels with no metal artifact, there was no significant mean image quality difference between computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomographic angiography should be used as the first-choice modality for preoperative imaging of facial transplant patients because, when compared with magnetic resonance imaging, the visualization of small vessels is far superior and images have fewer artifacts. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic, II.
- MeSH
- chirurgické laloky krevní zásobení MeSH
- čtyřrozměrná počítačová tomografie metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- homologní transplantace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční angiografie metody MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- obličej krevní zásobení chirurgie MeSH
- odchylka pozorovatele MeSH
- předoperační péče metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- vzorkové studie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
[1st ed.] xiii, 528 s., obr.