Od počátku operačních výkonů na karotidách byla snaha o nalezení nejbezpečnější techniky karotické endarterektomie a zajištění dostatečné perfuze mozku během výkonu, podobně i endovaskulární výkony se modernizovaly z prosté balonkové angioplastiky na zavádění stentů a vyvíjely se protektivní systémy k zabránění periprocedurálních embolizací. Druhá polovina minulého století se stala důležitou etapou prověřování a srovnávání výsledků karotické endarterektomie a karotického stentingu, hledání a ustálení indikačních kritérií v kontextu s velice účinnou antiagregační léčbou. Na přelomu století s příchodem moderních technik regionální anestezie a intravenózní analgosedace se postupně odklání většina cévních pracovišť od operace karotid v celkové anestezii a dochází k renesanci technik everzní endarterektomie. Z cévního pohledu chirurgie karotid prošla dlouhým, bedlivě sledovaným vývojem a obhájila si své místo první volby v řešení karotických stenóz.
Since the beginning of carotid surgery, there has been an effort to find the safest technique for carotid endarterectomy and ensure sufficient brain perfusion during the procedure. Similarly, endovascular procedures have been modernized from simple balloon angioplasty to stent placement, and protective systems have been developed to prevent periprocedural embolization. The second half of the last century became an important stage in examining and comparing the results of carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting, searching for and establishing indication criteria in the context of highly effective antiplatelet therapy. At the turn of the century, with the advent of modern techniques of regional anesthesia and intravenous analgosedation, most vascular departments gradually moved away from carotid surgery under general anesthesia and there was a renaissance of eversion endarterectomy techniques. From a vascular perspective, carotid surgery underwent a long, closely monitored development and defended its place as the first choice in the treatment of carotid stenoses.
Cílem této práce je prezentovat případ, kdy došlo na podkladě ruptury společné karotické tepny ke vzniku pseudoaneurysmatu u pacienta, který v minulosti podstoupil operaci a ra- dioterapii krku pro maligní nádor. Endovaskulární léčba byla preferována před chirurgickou vzhledem k terénu postradiační fibrózy v dané krční oblasti a zahrnovala embolizaci zevní karotické tepny (ACE) a zavedení samoexpandibilního stentgraftu přes krček pseudoaneu- rysmatu na přechodu společné (ACC) a vnitřní (ACI) karotické tepny.
The aim of this report is to present a case where a rupture of the common carotid artery led to the formation of a pseudoaneurysm in a patient who previously underwent surgery and radiotherapy of the neck for a malignant tumor. Endovascular treatment was preferred over surgery due to post-radiation fibrosis in the affected cervical area and involved embolization of the external carotid artery and the placement of a self-expanding stent-graft across the neck of the pseudoaneurysm at the junction of the common and internal carotid artery.
Background: The accurate measurement of the distances within the airways during bronchoscopy is necessary for diagnostic purposes; however, a reliable and simple device does not exist. Methods: The LJ system, consisting of a probe, a box with a display, an encoder, and a microcontroller, has been developed, and its prototype has been tested in vitro and validated in clinical practice in suitable procedures of interventional bronchoscopy. Results: In vitro, the device measurements showed a good correlation with the control performed with a digital caliper. Subsequently, ten patients were included in a pilot study evaluating this novel prototype of a measurement device. The device was used on four patients with tracheal stenosis indicated for Y-stent placement, four patients indicated for open surgery, and two cases of tracheoesophageal fistula. The measurements have been validated using computed tomography imaging or by direct inspection and measurement during open surgical procedures. Conclusions: The first experience and pilot study evaluating this novel instrument for distance measurements during interventional bronchology procedures showed that the LJ device can provide precise readings of the distance from the vocal cords, the lengths of tracheal stenoses, or the size of tumorous and other lesions. Its use might be widened to other endoscopic indications.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Sparse data exist on the impact of upper urinary tract (UUT) decompression on the risk of UUT recurrence in patients with bladder cancer (BCa). This study aims to evaluate whether Double J stenting (DJS) can increase the risk of UUT recurrence compared to percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 1550 patients with cTa-T3NanyM0 BCa who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) between at 12 tertiary care centers (1990-2020). Patients with complete follow-up, no prior history of UUT cancer, and who required UUT decompression for preoperative hydronephrosis were selected. Hydronephrosis grade was defined according to established scoring systems. UUT recurrence was diagnosed through imaging, urinary cytology, and confirmed by selective cytology and ureteroscopy when possible. Propensity scores were computed to determine overlap weights and balance groups. Kaplan-Meier analyses estimated UUT recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific (CSS), and overall survival (OS) before and after weighting. Cox regression analyses before and after weighting were fitted to predict UUT recurrence. RESULTS: Of 524 included patients, 132 (25%) and 392 (75%) patients were managed with DJS and PCN placement, respectively. Patients who received PCN had higher grade (≥ 3) of obstruction (34% vs. 14%) and pT3-4 tumors (70% vs. 36%) than patients with DJS. During a median follow-up of 19 months, 2-years UUT-RFS did not differ between groups (95% for PCN vs 92% for DJS, weighted HR 1.41, 95% CI, 0.55-3.59). There was no difference in 2-years weighted CSS (74% vs. 74%) and OS (67% vs 69%). Main limitations were the short follow-up and inclusion of patients uniquely undergoing RC. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ureteral DJS does not increase the risk of developing UUT recurrence in BCa patients with hydronephrosis requiring UUT decompression. However, UUT recurrence was rare, and associations were weak, with findings susceptible to bias. Randomized trials are needed to validate these results.
- MeSH
- Cystectomy MeSH
- Hydronephrosis etiology MeSH
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell surgery pathology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms * surgery pathology MeSH
- Ureteral Neoplasms surgery pathology MeSH
- Follow-Up Studies MeSH
- Nephrostomy, Percutaneous MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Neoplasms, Second Primary surgery pathology MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Stents * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND: We would like to present an unusual case of simultaneous stenosis of renal graft artery and vein diagnosed four months after transplantation. both treated by stent placement. Our aim is to point at the fact that renal graft venous stenosis is very rarely reported in the literature and - as it is not easy to diagnose by routine US - it could be overlooked. If early detected it can be treated by stent placement. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of 36-old-male with renal failure who received a kidney graft from deceased donor. The patient experienced delayed graft function. No rejection was found in the biopsy. Four months after transplantation the kidney function deteriorated to sCr 280 μmol/l. Graft artery stenosis together with graft vein stenosis was revealed. Both lesions were dilated with stent placement, the graft function returned to 230 μmol/l and became stable for 10 years. Ten years after stent placement graft function deteriorated to 300 μmol/l. An in stent restenosis of arterial stent was detected. It was successfully dilated by the balloon, the graft function returned to 230 μmol/l and stays stable for another 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: An unusual simultaneous transplanted kidney artery and vein stenosis treated by stent placement is presented. The patient had stable graft function for 15 years after the procedure with one re-intervention on arterial stent.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Stenózy biliární anastomózy patří mezi nejčastější biliární komplikace u pacientů po transplantaci jater. Biliární komplikace jsou spojeny s vyšší letalitou, morbiditou, rizikem selhání funkce štěpu a k léčbě vyžadují zpravidla opakované endoskopické intervence s pravidelnou výměnou stentů. Biodegradabilní stenty jsou novými typy stentů z bio degradabilních polymerů, jejichž hlavní výhodou může být snížení počtu endoskopických intervencí a s nimi spojených komplikací. Cílem našeho článku byl popis případů dvou pacientů po transplantaci jater s časně zjištěnou stenózou biliární anastomózy, která byla řešena endoskopickým zavedením bio degradabilních stentů. V obou případech bylo endoskopické zavedení stentu technicky dobře proveditelné a nevyskytly se žádné periprocedurální ani postprocedurální komplikace. Klinický průběh a kontrolní zobrazení po 8 měsících svědčily pro regresi stenózy u obou pacientů.
Biliary anastomotic strictures are one of the most common biliary complications in patients after liver transplantation. Biliary complications are associated with higher mortality, morbidity, risk of graft failure and usually require repeated endoscopic interventions with regular stent replacement for treatment. Biodegradable stents are new types of stents made of bio degradable polymers, which may have the main advantage of reducing the number of endoscopic interventions and associated complications. The aim of our article was to describe the cases of two patients after liver transplantation with early biliary anastomotic strictures, which were resolved by endoscopic placement of bio degradable stents. In both cases, endoscopic stent placement was technically feasible and there were no periprocedural or postprocedural complications. The clinical course and fol low-up imaging at 8 months showed regression of the strictures in both patients.
- Keywords
- benigní biliární stenózy,
- MeSH
- Anastomosis, Surgical * methods MeSH
- Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde methods MeSH
- Cholestasis * etiology MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Postoperative Complications MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Stents * standards MeSH
- Liver Transplantation adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
Background: In patients with vertebral artery origin (VAO) stenosis and concomitant stenoses of other cerebral feeding arteries, data on the risk of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) alone and with stent placement (PTAS) for VAO stenosis are limited. We aimed to determine how the presence of polystenotic lesions in other cerebral feeding arteries and concomitant carotid artery stenting (CAS) affect the periprocedural risk and long-term effect of PTA/S for atherosclerotic VAO stenosis. Methods: In a retrospective descriptive study, consecutive patients treated with PTA/S for ≥70% VAO stenosis were divided into groups with isolated VAO stenosis and multiple stenoses. We investigated the rate of periprocedural complications in the first 72 h and the risk of restenosis and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA) during the follow-up period. Results: In a set of 66 patients aged 66.1 ± 9.1 years, polystenotic lesions were present in 56 (84.8%) patients. 21 (31.8%) patients underwent endovascular treatment for stenosis of one or more other arteries in addition to VAO stenosis (15 underwent CAS). During the periprocedural period, no patient suffered from an IS or died, and, in the polystenotic group with concomitant CAS, there was one case of TIA (1.6%). During a mean follow-up period of 36 months, we identified 8 cases (16.3%) of ≥50% asymptomatic VA restenosis, and, in the polystenotic group, 4 (8.9%) cases of IS. Conclusion: The presence of severe polystenotic lesions or concomitant CAS had no adverse effect on the overall low periprocedural risk of PTA/S of VAO stenosis or the risk of restenosis during the follow-up period.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Ileus je jedna z nejzávažnějších diagnóz ze skupiny náhlých příhod břišních. Nemalá část nemocných trpících některými formami střevní neprůchodnosti reaguje dobře na konzervativní léčbu. Avšak v některých situacích může dojít k prodlení rozpoznání ileu strangulačního s následnou vysokou morbiditou a mortalitou v těchto případech. Naše práce prezentuje kazuistiku 81leté pacientky, u které se rozvinula neprůchodnost střevní krátce po stentáži ureteru, provedené pro obstrukční hydroureteronefrózu. Příčinou strangulace kliček tenkého střeva bylo atypické uložení pravostranného ureteru v dutině břišní. Ileus má několik typů. Podle příčiny se dá rozdělit na mechanický, neurogenní a cévní.
Ileus is one of the most severe diagnoses of the group of acute abdomen events. Some patients with certain forms of bowel obstruction respond well to conservative therapy. However, the diagnosis of strangulation ileus can be delayed in some situations, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in such cases. Our paper presents the case of an 81-year-old female patient who developed an ileus shortly after ureteral stent placement due to obstructive hydroureteronephrosis. The strangulation of the small intestine was caused by an atypical position of the right ureter in the abdominal cavity.
- Keywords
- strangulační ileus,
- MeSH
- Iatrogenic Disease MeSH
- Ileus * surgery diagnostic imaging etiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Stents * adverse effects MeSH
- Intestinal Obstruction surgery diagnostic imaging etiology MeSH
- Intestine, Small surgery physiopathology MeSH
- Ureter surgery physiopathology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
Katetrizácia artériového systému s následnými perkutánnymi intervenciami je spojená s určitou mierou komplikácií, najčastejšie v súvislosti s prístupovým miestom. Predstavujeme kazuistiku pacientky, u ktorej okrem prolongovaného uzatvárania prístupovej artérie bola hospitalizácia komplikovaná venóznym tromboembolizmom.
Catheterisation of the arterial system with subsequent percutaneous interventions is associated with a certain degree of complication, most often in connection with the access site. We present the case report of a patient whose hospitalisation was complicated by venous thromboembolism in addition to prolonged closure of the access artery.
- MeSH
- Angioplasty * methods adverse effects MeSH
- Computed Tomography Angiography MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Angiography MeSH
- Catheterization, Peripheral * methods adverse effects MeSH
- Pulmonary Embolism MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Thrombosis etiology MeSH
- Portal Vein MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) have proven to be effective for drainage of pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON), although associated adverse events (AEs) have been reported. Anchoring coaxial double-pigtail plastic stents (DPSs) within LAMSs have been proposed to prevent LAMS-related AEs but have not been assessed in prospective studies. We aimed to evaluate the utility of such measures with a randomized controlled trial. METHODS: We randomly assigned consecutive patients with WON indications for drainage to EUS-guided transluminal drainage using LAMSs with (group A) or without (group B) DPSs. All LAMSs were to be removed after 3 weeks had elapsed from the index procedure with a preceding CT to decide whether additional steps needed to be taken (eg, transluminal necrosectomy or placing transluminal plastic stents in patients with incomplete resolution of WON). The main outcomes were failure of the index method, defined as necessity of reintervention (endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical) before LAMS removal because of LAMS-related AEs and/or clinical deterioration; AE rates; and mortality with the LAMS in place. Variables were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher exact test as appropriate. P < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients (37.3% women; mean age, 54 ± 14.4 years) underwent LAMS placement with (n = 34) or without (n = 33) DPS placement in 2 tertiary centers. Baseline characteristics including demographics, etiology, comorbidity, and clinical presentation (sterile vs infected necrosis) were comparable between both groups. The technical success rate in placing LAMSs and DPSs was 100%. The global rate of AEs was significantly lower in group A versus group B (20.7% vs 51.5%, respectively; P = .008). Stent occlusion was the most frequently observed AE (14.7% vs 36.3%, P = .042). Failure of the index method was lower in group A versus group B (29.4% vs 48.5%, respectively; P = .109); however, the difference did not achieve statistical significance. The same applied to the mortality rate with LAMSs in place (2.9% vs 12.1%, P = .197). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of a coaxial DPS within a LAMS was associated with a significantly lower global rate of AEs and stent occlusion rate in EUS-guided drainage of WON. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT03923686.).
- MeSH
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing * surgery MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Drainage methods MeSH
- Endosonography MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Necrosis etiology MeSH
- Plastics MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Stents * adverse effects MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
