The Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) is an instrument intended for the study of cohesion in sport teams. The main aim of this study was to confirm the conceptual validity within the Czech vision of Group Environment Questionnaire by method of structural equation modeling. For translation of the questionnaire was utilized a modified direct translation method. A total of 1169 participants (848 men and 321 women) completed the GEQ. For data analysis we applied a confirmation factor analysis approach. The original model was tested to verify the structural theory and diagnosis quality of this tool. Results showed only average values of models fit RMSEA in Czech condition on the level 0,081 and CFI 0,901 and found poor item loading in fourth factor of diagnostic tool GI-T with factor validity on level 0.216. We assume that for better fit and diagnostics quality it is necessary to repeat the process of content validity and change or restrict the number of items.
- Keywords
- explorativní faktorová analýza, SEM, týmový sport, koheze, GEQ,
- MeSH
- Basketball MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Soccer MeSH
- Hockey MeSH
- Consensus MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Structural MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Models, Psychological MeSH
- Role MeSH
- Group Structure MeSH
- Group Processes MeSH
- Sports classification psychology MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Volleyball MeSH
- Focus Groups MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
BACKGROUND: In today's digital age, demanding to interpret vast quantities of visual information with speed and accuracy, nonverbal Intelligence has become increasingly crucial for children, as it plays a key role in cognitive development and learning. While motor proficiency has been positively linked to various cognitive functions in children, its relationship with nonverbal Intelligence remains an open question. This study, therefore, explored the structural associations between motor proficiency and nonverbal Intelligence in school-aged children (6 to 11 years), focusing on potential age and sex-specific patterns. METHODS: Data were obtained from 396 children aged 6 to 11 (214 boys, 182 girls; mean age 8.9 years ±1.3) divided into younger children 6-8 years and older Children 9-11 years. Motor proficiency was assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2), and non-verbal Intelligence was evaluated with the Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM). We conducted multigroup structural modelling with non-verbal Intelligence as a dependent latent variable. RESULTS: The BOT-2 and RPM models demonstrated an acceptable fit in Czech children. Strength-agility and Fine motor control emerged as the strongest predictors of nonverbal intelligence level assessed by five sets of RPM. Age-specific analyses revealed that the Strength-agility construct was consistently a significant predictor of nonverbal intelligence level in both age categories. However, in older children, also Fine motor control was significantly linked to nonverbal intelligence level. Sex-specific differences were also observed in the structural modelling results, indicating significant predictor non-invariance based on participants' sex. In girls, both Fine motor control and the Strength-agility constructs were significant predictors of nonverbal Intelligence level, showing stronger associations with nonverbal Intelligence than boys. For boys, only the Strength-agility construct was a significant predictor of RPM performance. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a nuanced age- and sex-specific relationship between children's motor proficiency and nonverbal Intelligence. The findings underscore the need for targeted physical interventions, particularly those emphasising fine motor and strength-agility exercises, to ensure equitable opportunities for motor skill development. Such interventions may enhance physical abilities and support cognitive development in an increasingly digital world.
- MeSH
- Latent Class Analysis MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Intelligence * physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Motor Skills * physiology MeSH
- Sex Factors MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Child Development physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
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- MeSH
- Factor Analysis, Statistical MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Motivation * MeSH
- Men psychology MeSH
- Models, Psychological MeSH
- Sports * psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Students MeSH
- Women psychology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Sleep is especially important to overall well-being. Some aspects of sleep have been well documented, for example sleep quantity and its effect on well-being, but the value of a consistent sleep routine remains poorly studied. University students are a population group especially susceptible to stress, mental health problems and poor sleep quality and experience changing daily schedules. Investigating the protective power of sleep in this population group is therefore an important avenue of research. METHODS: Applying a structural equation model, the current study surveyed a large sample of Czech university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in late spring, 2021, and observed the mediation effects of sleep on this group. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The study found that working, maintaining social contact and attending lectures in person had a strong effect on satisfaction with life. Increased personal study time indirectly supported consistent sleep routines and mediated perceptions of life satisfaction. As expected, the results indicated the importance of high-quality sleep. The results also verified partial mediation, directly and indirectly, through sleep quality, highlighting the significance of a consistent sleep routine in students on their self-reported satisfaction with life.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Longitudinal Studies MeSH
- Models, Structural MeSH
- Models, Psychological MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Background: Seafarers are amongst occupational groups with the highest risk for stress, a factor known to impact on mental health. Psychological issues such as depression, anxiety, suicide, and alcohol or drug dependence are recognized health problems within the maritime sector. The primary aim of this study was to identify which individual and occupational factors, known to impact on psychological functioning across the maritime industry and other sectors, best predict perceived stress and job satisfaction among a sample of merchant seafarers. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using a work experiences and attitudes questionnaire administered by a large shipping company to seafarers within their organization. Structural equation modeling was conducted using a proposed theoretical model of perceived stress and job satisfaction in a sample of merchant seafarers. Results: While the structural equation model produced acceptable fit to the sample data according to numerous goodness-of-fit statistics, the comparative fit index and Tucker-Lewis index results indicated less than satisfactory model fit. The model explained 23.8% of variance in the criterion variable of perceived stress, and the strongest predictive effect was for dispositional resilience. The model explained 70.6% of variance in the criterion variable of job satisfaction, and the strongest predictive effect was for instrumental work support. Conclusion: When addressing the psychosocial well-being of merchant seafarers, findings of this study suggest that dispositional resilience may be a particularly important factor with regards to perceived stress, while instrumental work support appears to be a critical factor in relation to job satisfaction. Importantly, however, an overall work environment that is perceived by employees as supportive, equal and just is a cornerstone for the psychosocial well-being of seafarers.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
