OBJECTIVES: To gain data on the current molecular epidemiology and resistance of MRSA in the Czech Republic. METHODS: Between September 2017 and January 2018, a total of 441 single-patient MRSA isolates were collected from 11 Czech hospitals and analysed by spa typing, SCCmec typing, antibiotic susceptibility testing, detection of the PVL toxin and the arcA gene. RESULTS: Of all MRSA isolates, 81.41% (n = 359) belonged to the CC5-MRSA clone represented by the spa types t003 (n = 136), t586 (n = 92), t014 (n = 81), t002 (n = 20) and other spa types (n = 30); a majority of the CC5 isolates (n = 348, 96.94%) carried SCCmec type II. The occurrence of CC5-MRSA was more likely in older inpatients and associated with a healthcare origin (P < 0.001). The CC5-MRSA isolates were resistant to more antimicrobial drugs compared with the other MRSAs (P < 0.001). Interestingly, t586 was detected in blood samples more often than the other spa types and, contrary to other spa types belonging to CC5-MRSA, t586 was not associated with patients of advanced age. Other frequently found lineages were CC8 (n = 17), CC398 (n = 11) and CC59 (n = 10). The presence of the PVL was detected in 8.62% (n = 38) of the MRSA isolates. CONCLUSIONS: The healthcare-associated CC5-MRSA-II lineage (t003, t586, t014) was found to be predominant in the Czech Republic. t586 is a newly emerging spa type in the Czech Republic, yet reported rarely in other countries. Our observations stress the need for MRSA surveillance in the Czech Republic in order to monitor changes in MRSA epidemiology.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus * genetika MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- molekulární epidemiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
The aim of this study was to test the detection performance of the cpsA, lytA and ply genes through qPCR in the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae in respiratory tract samples. Specificity was tested on a panel of 128 streptococci and other bacteria DNA samples. The qPCR assay was tested on a total of 51 respiratory tract samples from patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The specificity of the cpsA, lytA and ply genes was 100%, 100%, and 86%, respectively. The quantitative assessment, based on lytA, determined a cutoff value of ~2x104, 4x102 and 4x102 DNA copies per 1 mL of valid sputum, tracheal aspirate and bronchial aspirate samples, respectively. The results from the present study suggest that qPCR detection of all three genes would be optimal in the accurate detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- dýchací soustava mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce získané v komunitě * diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pneumonie pneumokoková * diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Streptococcus pneumoniae genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
A series of benzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde-S-benzylisothiosemicarbazones was synthesized and tested against 12 different strains of mycobacteria, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and the significant selectivity toward mycobacteria was proved. Twenty-eight derivatives were evaluated for the inhibition of isocitrate lyase, which is a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle necessary for latent tuberculosis infection, and their iron-chelating properties were investigated. Two derivatives, 5-bromosalicylaldehyde-S-(4-fluorobenzyl)-isothiosemicarbazone and salicylaldehyde-S-(4-bromobenzyl)-isothiosemicarbazone, influenced the isocitrate lyase activity and caused a better inhibition at 10 μmol/L than 3-nitropropionic acid, a standard inhibitor. The compounds were also found to act as exogenous chelators of iron, which is an obligate cofactor for many mycobacterial enzymes. Due to their low cytotoxicity, together with the activity against isocitrate lyase and the ability to sequester iron ions, the compounds belong to potential antibiotics with the main effect on mycobacteria.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- antituberkulotika chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků MeSH
- grampozitivní bakterie účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- isocitrátlyasa antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- Mycobacterium účinky léků MeSH
- racionální návrh léčiv MeSH
- thiosemikarbazony chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- vztahy mezi strukturou a aktivitou MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Chronic hepatitis C is curable disease. Low detection rate could be one of the reasons of poor treatment uptake. It is important to identify HCV prevalence and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive patients in population by effective screening strategy such as risk-based or birth cohort screening programs. There are no national population-based estimates of the HCV prevalence in the Czech Republic (CZ). The most recent seroprevalence survey determined a prevalence of positive anti-HCV antibodies of 0.2% (in 2001). The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of HCV, HCV viraemia and HCV genotype in the CZ adult population. We also estimated the number of persons living with chronic hepatitis C in CZ. The examined group included 3000 adults, 18-90 years of age enrolled in 2015. All serum samples were examined to determined anti-HCV antibodies positivity, HCV-RNA positivity and genotypes. Of the 3000 samples, 50 were found to be anti-HCV-positive, for a seroprevalence of 1.67% (2.39% in males, 0.98% in females). The overall prevalence of positive HCV RNA was 0.93%: 1.5% in males, 0.39% in females. HCV genotype (GT) 1a was determined in 25%, GT 1b in 25% and GT 3a in 46%. Since 2001, the HCV seroprevalence has increased 8-fold. The highest HCV seroprevalence occurred in males aged 30-44 years. We can estimate that there are more than 140,000 people with HCV antibodies and more than 80,000 people with chronic hepatitis C living in the CZ. The introduction of birth cohort HCV screening could be beneficial for the country.
- MeSH
- chronická hepatitida C epidemiologie imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- Hepacivirus genetika imunologie MeSH
- hepatitida C - protilátky krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- plošný screening MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- RNA virová genetika MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- viremie epidemiologie imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
Byla připravena série jedenácti nových 5-amino-N-fenylpyrazin-2-karboxamidů, které byly hodnoceny jako potenciální antiinfektiva. Připravené sloučeniny byly popsány IČ, 1H NMR a 13C NMR spektry, prvkovou analýzou a teplotami tání. Byly vypočteny parametry lipofility Log P a ClogP. Žádný z připravených derivátů nebyl účinný proti testovaným mykobakteriálním kmenům (Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, M. kansasii, M. avium) ani v nejvyšší testované koncentraci 100 μg/ml. 5-Amino-N-(2,5-dimethylfenyl)pyrazin-2-karboxamid (3) vykázal antibakteriální aktivitu vůči kmenu Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 62.5μmol/l). U testovaných látek nebyla zjištěna žádná antifungální aktivita. Několik sloučenin vykázalo mírnou aktivitu (v řádu desítekμmol/l) proti virům chřipky A.
A series of eleven novel 5-amino-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anti-infective properties. Prepared compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra, elementary analysis and melting points. Lipophilicity parameters Log P and ClogP were calculated. None of the compounds was effective against any of tested mycobacterial strains (Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, M. kansasii, M. avium) up to concentration of 100 μg/mL. 5-amino-N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl) pyrazine-2-carboxamide (3) exerted moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 62.5 μM). No antifungal activity was detected. Several compounds exerted moderate antiviral activity against influenza A viruses at the level of tens of μM.
- Klíčová slova
- 5-chloro-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamide, karboxamidy,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antiinfekční látky MeSH
- chemie farmaceutická * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mykobakteriózy farmakoterapie MeSH
- pyraziny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- MeSH
- antibiotická profylaxe normy MeSH
- ceftazidim aplikace a dávkování krev MeSH
- ciprofloxacin aplikace a dávkování krev MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- kardiochirurgické výkony MeSH
- klindamycin aplikace a dávkování krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pooperační komplikace mikrobiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
