Tyreotoxikóza je charakterizována tkáňovými projevy vysokých hladin tyreoidálních hormonů, výrazně se na nich podílí stimulace sympatoadrenergního systému. Typické je též oční postižení ve smyslu endokrinní orbitopatie různé intenzity. Náš 25letý pacient se však dostavil pro gynekomastii, ostatní obvyklé potíže neudával, resp. na cílené dotazy je bagatelizoval. Proto byla diagnóza tyreotoxikózy poněkud překvapením. Po zklidnění hormonální aktivity tyreostatickou léčbou došlo ke kompletní regresi gynekomastie. Protože však při relapsu toxikózy znovu recidivovala, byla následně doporučena a realizována operace v rozsahu totální tyreoidektomie – následně s kompletní a trvalou úpravou.
Thyrotoxicosis is characterised by tissue manifestations of high levels of thyroid hormones, sympatho-adrenergic stimulation being a significant contribution to them. Eye disorder in the sense of endocrine orbitopathy of varying intensity is also typical. However, our 25-year- old patient presented symptoms of gynecomastia, he did not report other usual symptoms and he downplayed targeted questions. Thus, thyrotoxicosis was rather a surprise diagnosis. After calming the hormonal activity with thyrostatic therapy, there was a complete regression of gynecomastia. However, a relapse of toxicosis caused a recurrence of gynecomastia. Therefore, a surgery in the scope of total thyroidectomy was subsequently recommended and implemented, followed by a complete and permanent adjustment.
OBJECTIVE: To assess pre-term birth, low birth-weight and growth restriction according to maternal thyroid screening results and subsequent treatment. METHODS: This is a nonintervention nested case-control study derived from 10,052 asymptomatic women previously screened during the first trimester marker with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, serum thyroid stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine. Screening results had been classified as positive with one or more markers outside the normal range and referred to an endocrinologist. Cases were 512 women with positive results and information on recommended treatment: 204 thyroxine, propylthiouracil or surgery, and 308 no treatment or only iodine. Controls were a sequential sample of 1292 women with negative results. All cases and controls had information on gestation at delivery or birth-weight. Outcome measures were pre-term birth (<37 weeks), low birth-weight (<2.5 kg) and, for singletons, small for gestational age (SGA; <10th percentile). RESULTS: Among singleton pregnancies, there was a higher prevalence of both pre-term birth (risk ratio (RR) 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-2.36, p < .002) and low birth-weight (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.13-2.62, p < .02) in cases compared with controls. An increase in low birth-weight was also present in term pregnancies, but not significant (RR 1.80, 95% CI 0.78-4.14, p = .16), and there was no difference in SGA prevalence (1.24, 95% CI 0.93-1.65, p = .14). Among cases there was no significant difference in these rates according to treatment even after logistic regression, allowing for the individual screening marker levels and maternal weight. CONCLUSIONS: Women with positive thyroid screening results are at increased risk of pre-term birth regardless of thyroid dysfunction or subsequent treatment. An association with low birth-weight is probably secondary to early delivery.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- porod v termínu MeSH
- prenatální diagnóza MeSH
- štítná žláza * MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- thyroxin * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- Syntroxine,
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- tyreotoxikóza * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Prezentujeme kazuistiku 39letého muže s morbus Crohn, který po šesti letech léčby budeso-nidem (topický glukokortikoid Entocort) byl pro relabující zažívací obtíže převeden na léčbuazathioprinem (Imuran). Následně se manifestoval dosud latentní primární hypokorticismus(morbus Addisoni). Vzhledem k již známé primární hypotyreóze v terénu autoimunitní ty-reoiditis byl tedy překlasifikován na autoimunitní polyglandulární syndrom 2.
We present a case report of a 39-year-old patient with Crohn disease who was treated withbudesonide (topic glucocorticoid Entocort) for six years. Due to recurrent gastrointestinalproblems the treatment was switched to azathioprin (Imuran). Subsequently, the patientdeveloped so far latent primary hypocorticism (Addison disease). Considering that thepatient has already been diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism caused by the autoim-mune thyroiditis his diagnosis was re-classified to the autoimmune polyglandular syn-drome 2.
- MeSH
- Addisonova nemoc diagnóza MeSH
- autoimunitní polyglandulární syndromy * diagnóza MeSH
- azathioprin MeSH
- budesonid aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc farmakoterapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hydrokortison krev MeSH
- hypokalemie diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- hypotyreóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhrada léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism in the first trimester from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines from 2017 and to compare the rates for singleton and twin pregnancies. METHODS: A total of 4965 consecutive Caucasian singleton pregnancies and 109 Caucasian twin pregnancies were included in the investigation. Patients with a history of thyroid gland disorder were excluded. Subclinical maternal hypothyroidism was defined as a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration above the 97.5th percentile and free thyroxine (fT4) within the range of a reference population of women at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Overt maternal hypothyroidism was defined as a TSH concentration above the 97.5th percentile and an fT4 below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population.TSH, fT4, and anti thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured by immunochemiluminescent assays on an 16200 Abbott Architect analyzer. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypothyroidism for twin pregnancies was no higher than that for singleton pregnancies; 6.42% (7/109) vs. 5.32% (264/4965), respectively; P=0.61. All twin pregnancies were subclinical. Singleton hypothyroid pregnancies included 4.91% (244 cases) of subclinical and 0.41% (20 cases) of overt hypothyroidism. The prevalence of TPOAb positive hypothyroid women for twin pregnancies and singleton pregnancies was 71% (5/7) vs. 52% (137/264 cases), respectively but the differences were not statistically significant; P=0.31. CONCLUSION: Each first trimester screening center should establish its TSH and fT4 reference ranges. Our center had higher upper reference limits of TSH than that of the universally fixed limit of 2.5 mU/L, which led to a lower measured prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism. A large number of hypothyroid women were TPOAb positive.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypotyreóza krev diagnóza MeSH
- imunoanalýza metody MeSH
- jodidperoxidasa imunologie MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství krev diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky metabolismus MeSH
- první trimestr těhotenství MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- těhotenství s dvojčaty fyziologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- thyreotropin metabolismus MeSH
- thyroxin metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Předkládáme kazuistiku padesátiletého muže, u kterého došlo po imobilizaci následkem úrazu k progresi poruchy glukózové tolerance až do manifestního diabetu vyžadujícího aplikaci inzulínu formou MDI. Při dobré compliance nemocného a po zlepšení hybnosti byla tato léčba zaměněna, jak dále uvedeno, za fixní kombinaci degludek + liraglutid. Ta umožnila pacientovi bez rizika hypoglykemií nejen dobře kompenzovat svou chorobu, ale i postupně redukovat hmotnost.
insulin and GLP-1 agonist (degludec plus liraglutide) We present a case report of a 50 years old man who was immobilized due to a trauma. Then he developed a progressive deterioration of the impaired glucose tolerance leading to a manifested diabetes mellitus that required the administration of insulin in a form of MDI regimen. Following the improvement of his mobility and thanks to his appropriate compliance the therapy could be switched to a fixed combination of degludec plus liraglutide. This therapy enabled to compensate the patient’s disease adequately without a risk of hypoglycemic episodes as well as to reduce his weight gradually.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * farmakoterapie MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- glykovaný hemoglobin účinky léků MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek účinky léků MeSH
- inzulin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- liraglutid aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The article aimed to assess the benefit of incorporating maternal serum thyroid disease marker levels (thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine) into first trimester Down syndrome screening protocols. METHODS: Statistical modelling was used to predict performance with and without the thyroid markers. Two protocols were considered: the combined test and the contingent cell-free DNA (cfDNA) test, where 15-40% women are selected for cfDNA because of increased risk based on combined test results. Published parameters were used for the combined test, cfDNA and the Down syndrome means for thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine; other parameters were derived from a series of 5230 women screened for both thyroid disease and Down syndrome. RESULTS: Combined test: For a fixed 85% detection rate, the predicted false positive rate was reduced from 5.3% to 3.6% with the addition of the thyroid markers. Contingent cfDNA test: For a fixed 95% detection rate, the proportion of women selected for cfDNA was reduced from 25.6% to 20.2%. CONCLUSIONS: When screening simultaneously for maternal thyroid disease and Down syndrome, thyroid marker levels should be used in the calculation of Down syndrome risk. The benefit is modest but can be achieved with no additional cost. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- Downův syndrom krev komplikace diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci štítné žlázy krev diagnóza MeSH
- plošný screening metody MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prenatální diagnóza metody MeSH
- první trimestr těhotenství krev MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- štítná žláza patofyziologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- testy funkce štítné žlázy metody MeSH
- thyreotropin analýza krev MeSH
- thyroxin analýza krev MeSH
- volné cirkulující nukleové kyseliny analýza krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
Prezentujeme kazuistiku 47leté dosud zdravé ženy, vyšetřované pro opakované atypické hypoglykemie. Vyšetřením byl vyloučen endogenní hyperinzulinismus, u pacientky jsme prokázali svévolnou exogenní aplikaci inzulínu – pravděpodobně v rámci sebepoškozování, resp. Münchhausenova syndromu.
We present a case report of a 47 years old previously healthy woman who was tested for repeated atypical hypoglycemias. The tests ruled out the endogenous hyperinsulinism, and the motiveless administration of exogenous insulin was proven in the patient, most probably as part of self-harm or Munchausen syndrome.
Mezi nejčastější příčiny hypotyreózy patří destrukce parenchymu štítnice autoimunními protilátkami (TPOAb a TgAb), dále léčebné výkony na štítné žláze (operace,léčba radiojódem) a zevní aktinoterapie štítnice a jejího okolí (nejčastěji při hematologických či ORL malignitách). Z lékových je nejznámější porucha funkce štítné žlázy při medikaci amiodaronem, sledování tyreoidálních funkcí se doporučuje i při podávání dalších léků (lithium, interferon). V této kazuistice demonstrujeme primární hypotyreózu jako důsledek intoxikace kobaltem při prasknutí Cr-Co náhrady kyčelního kloubu (tj. PHACT – prosthetic hipassociated cobalt toxicity). Hypotyreóza se strumou byla součástí komplexu dalších příznaků. Po substituční léčbě bylo dosaženo eutyreózy a normalizace objemu štítnice.
A destruction of thyroidal parenchyma by the autoimmune antibodies (TPOAb and TgAb), therapeutical interventions on the thyroid gland (surgery, a treatment with radioiodine) and the external actinotherapy of the thyroid gland and its surrounding area (most often in hematologic or ENT malignancies) belong among the commonest causes of hypothyreosis. A treatment with amiodarone is the best known cause of drug induced thyroidal impairment, but the monitoring of thyroid function is recommended during the treatment with other drugs as well (e.g. lithium, interferon). Our paper demonstrates the primary hypothyreosis caused by the intoxication with cobalt after the rupture of Cr-Co hip prosthesis (i.e. PHACT – prosthetic hip-associated cobalt toxicity). Hypothyreosis with struma was the part of the complex of other symptoms. The substitution treatment resulted in both the normalization of thyroidal function and the normalization of the thyroidal volume.
- MeSH
- anemie farmakoterapie MeSH
- hypotyreóza * diagnóza etiologie farmakoterapie MeSH
- kobalt * terapeutické užití toxicita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv * MeSH
- otrava * etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH