- MeSH
- demografie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- primární zdravotní péče * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- ukazatele zdravotního stavu MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- grafy a diagramy MeSH
- tabulky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Managing type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents can be difficult for parents, health care professionals, and even patients. However, over the last decades, the quality of services provided to patients with diabetes has increased due to advances in IT. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively document the range of IT tools used in the management of diabetes among children and adolescents, with a focus on identifying the technologies most commonly used based on their frequency. In addition, the study aims to explore relevant methodologies for developing diabetes technology and provide valuable information to developers by delineating essential phases of the design process. METHODS: The literature search was focused on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. Keywords such as "type 1 diabetes," "adolescents," "kids," "mHealth," "children," and "coaching" were combined using Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were open access, English-language papers published between 2012 and 2023 focusing on patients younger than 18 years and aligned with our research goal. The exclusion criteria included irrelevant topics and papers older than 18 years. By applying the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, 2080 studies were recognized, and after selection, 33 papers were agreed upon between the researchers. RESULTS: Four primary categories were defined: types of IT, methodology identification, purpose identification, and feature determination. Among these, mobile health (mHealth) apps emerged as the predominant type of information, garnering 27 mentions. In particular, user-centered design was identified as the most prevalent methodology, cited 22 times. The primary purpose of self-monitoring blood glucose values was mentioned 20 times, while patient education was the highest among common characteristics, with 23 mentions. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our research, we advocate for developers to focus on creating an mHealth app that integrates gamification techniques to develop innovative diabetes management solutions. This app should include vital functionalities such as blood glucose monitoring, strategies to improve hemoglobin A1c levels, carbohydrate tracking, and comprehensive educational materials for patients and caregivers. By prioritizing these features, developers can enhance the usability and effectiveness of the technology, thereby better supporting children or adolescents with diabetes in their daily management endeavors.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dysfunction of the airway defence system in Huntington's disease (HD) is a significant but often overlooked problem. Although expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) is frequently utilized in cough effectiveness treatment, its specific impact in HD patients has not yet been explored. This study investigated the effects of EMST on voluntary peak cough flow (vPCF) in HD patients and evaluated the retention of potential gains post-intervention. METHODS: In this prospective case-controlled trial, 29 HD patients completed an 8-week wait-to-start period, which served to identify the natural development of expiratory muscle strength and vPCF. This was followed by 8 weeks of EMST training and an additional 8 weeks of follow-up. The study's outcome parameters, vPCF and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), were measured against those of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Huntington's disease patients had significantly lower MEP (p < 0.001) and vPCF (p = 0.012) compared to healthy controls at baseline. Following the EMST, significant improvements in MEP (d = 1.39, p < 0.001) and vPCF (d = 0.77, p = 0.001) were observed, with HD patients reaching the cough performance levels of healthy subjects. However, these gains diminished during the follow-up, with a significant decline in vPCF (d = -0.451, p = 0.03) and in MEP (d = -0.71; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Expiratory muscle strength training improves expiratory muscle strength and voluntary cough effectiveness in HD patients, but an ongoing maintenance programme is necessary to sustain the improvements.
- MeSH
- dechová cvičení metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dýchací svaly * patofyziologie MeSH
- Huntingtonova nemoc * patofyziologie komplikace rehabilitace MeSH
- kašel * patofyziologie etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odporový trénink metody MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- svalová síla * fyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Progress in psychiatric treatment has led to important improvements in the quality of life of patients with severe mental illness (SMI). Nevertheless, the life expectancy of patients with SMI remains two decades shorter than that of the general population, and the most prevalent cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Given that the delivery of somatic care to a population of individuals with mental illness is specific, we developed a screening and intervention programme aimed at this vulnerable population. The "SOMA" programme is a complex somatic health intervention system consisting of screening and a set of interventions. Risk screening is evaluated automatically; the interventions include dietary intervention, healthy lifestyle education (HSE), physiotherapy, kinesiotherapy, and occupational therapy (KOP). The programme was introduced into the practice of the hospital, and its outcomes were monitored with a pilot population divided into 2 subprogrammes. CV risk factor prevalence study (n= 5481) as the most common CV risk factors identified hypertension (56.6 %) and smoking (55.7 %), high-risk patients proportion was 1364 (27 %). HSE (n=40) enrolled patients improved their body weight. KOP results show that patients with schizophrenia preferred physical activity less than others; 53 % of patients have no physical activity during hospitalization, and spontaneous physical activity depends on BMI in our sample. We observed improvement in cognitive functioning, perception of physical functions, or perceived limitations was comparable to the general population. Results show the usability of the program design; initial screening with two intervention branches can increase motivation for physical activity and adoption of health-promoting behaviors and support a recovery process in SMI patients. SOMA project is unique in the Czech environment, however, larger sample with longer observation period is needed.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duševní poruchy * terapie epidemiologie MeSH
- ergoterapie metody MeSH
- fyzioterapie (techniky) MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- plošný screening MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- schizofrenie terapie epidemiologie MeSH
- zdravý životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a significant healthcare problem with a negative impact on patients' quality of life and incurring substantial healthcare expenses. Our study aimed to analyse the costs of treating PUs in hospitalised patients in the Czech Republic, in the context of current treatment procedures and price levels, and to pilot-test the detailed methodology developed. METHOD: A prospective, observational, non-interventional study was conducted at the Clinic of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Medicine, the Internal Medicine Department and the Surgical Department of the University Hospital Ostrava. The study included all hospitalised patients with a PU from March-May 2021. Data were collected using the hospital information system. A bottom-up, person-based approach to cost analysis was used, based on a comprehensive cost structure using accurate patient-specific consumption records. RESULTS: The length of hospitalisations ranged from 1-31 (mean: 12.7) days. The average cost of PU treatment per hospitalisation was calculated at €1579. The average daily cost of PU treatment was €179, including antibiotic therapy (ATB) and €112 without ATB. Most of the costs were associated with ATB (38.6%) and caregivers' time (35.9%). Based on the results, a predictive model was developed to estimate the cost of treating a hospitalised patient with a PU, which could be used in future research to assess the costs of treating these patients. CONCLUSION: We have faced many challenges in the methodology of preparation of cost analysis (e.g., how to count amorphous topical agents and sprays, how to properly identify PUs, how to price the positioning aids and mattresses, and how to relate the ATB treatment to the PU). This analysis provides important input for developing a comprehensive and more accurate methodology for monitoring PU costs in hospitalised patients, applicable in clinical practice for inpatient healthcare providers.
- MeSH
- ambulantní zařízení MeSH
- dekubity * terapie MeSH
- hnisání MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Videopřenosy jsou relativně novou funkcí umožňující operátorům zdravotnických operačních středisek (ZOS) získání nových informací prostřednictvím přenosu obrazu z místa mimořádné události (MU). Pomocí strukturovaných rozhovorů s operátory ZOS jsme zjišťovali úroveň využití a případné překážky vyšší míry využívání videopřenosů. Osloveno bylo všech 14 ZOS v České republice (ČR) a i několik zahraničních. Získáno bylo celkem 7 rozhovorů z ČR a 4 ze zahraničí. V ČR je funkce zavedena na většině ZOS, avšak četnost jejího využití dosahuje velmi nízkých čísel. Jedná se o méně něž 10 aktivovaných videopřenosů za celý rok v rámci jednotlivých ZOS, ve srovnání se zahraničními středisky je to zcela nedostatečné. Například Norsko uvádí, že až 10 % z celkového počtu tísňových volání jsou převedeny na videopřenosy. Operátoři na technologickou novinku do jisté míry nahlíží negativně, neboť neočekávají nové informace získané prostřednictvím videa, a také i vzhledem k celkovému prodloužení času daného hovoru. Videopřenosy přínosné zcela jistě jsou, avšak ve specifických případech. Před samotnou aktivací je třeba zvážit celkový benefit, technické možnosti volajícího, jeho schopnost spolupráce a schopnost ovládat technologii, časovou dotaci a další rizikové faktory.
Video calls are a relatively new function that enables dispatchers of medical dispatch centers to obtain new information through the transmission of images from the scene. We examined the level of use and potential barriers to the increased use of video calls using structured interviews with dispatchers. All 14 centers in the Czech Republic and several foreign ones were contacted. A total of 7 interviews were obtained from the Czech Republic and 4 from abroad. In the Czech Republic, the function is implemented in most of the dispatch centers, but the frequency of its use is very low. It is less than 10 activated video calls in the whole year within each center. Compared to foreign centres, this is quite insufficient. For example, Norway reports up to 10 % of the total number of emergency calls which are converted to video calls. Technological innovation is also often viewed negatively by dispatchers due to the lack of expectation of new information obtained through video and the overall increase of time for a given call. Video calls are certainly beneficial, but in specific cases. The overall benefit, the technical capabilities of the caller, their ability to collaborate and to control the technology, the time commitment and other risk factors need to be considered before the actual activation.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Dentists are one of the professional groups most at risk for COVID-19 infection. Enhanced protective measures in dentistry have been adopted worldwide; however, it is unclear to what extent they were sufficient. To assess whether the protective measures outweighed the high infection risk, we compared COVID-19-related data between Czech dentists and the general Czech population. The data was obtained through a survey study attended by 15.8% of Czech Dental Chamber members. Data of the general population were acquired from the Czech Ministry of Health database. By the end of May 2022, COVID-19 full vaccination and 1st booster dose rates among study participants were 85.8% and 70.1%, respectively, which is significantly higher (p < 0.0001) compared to the Czech general population aged over 24 years (74.9% and 49.4%, respectively). To the same date, PCR/Antigen test verified COVID-19 prevalence among participants was 41.7%, and 49.9% among the general population (p < 0.0001). Prevalence and reinfection rates among individuals who received the 1st booster were significantly lower than among individuals without the booster or full vaccination (p < 0.0001). Persons who received the booster showed a faster return to work, shorter and different types of complications. Willingness to future vaccination was positive among 79.7% of respondents. Mandatory vaccination for healthcare workers and the general population was supported by 62.0% and 49.0%, respectively. The results showed that the high risk of COVID-19 infection associated with dentistry did not lead to higher COVID-19 prevalence among respondents compared to the general population.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * epidemiologie MeSH
- databáze faktografické MeSH
- epidemie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vakcinace MeSH
- zubní lékaři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
