Lactulose is commonly used in pharmacy for constipation and hepatic encephalopathy treatment. The prebiotic effect of lactulose is also often mentioned. However, its cryoprotective effect in combination with lecithin on the main representatives of probiotics has not been tested yet. The 12 taxa of bifidobacteria and Lactobacillaceae members were used for the purpose. These were mixed in a ratio of 1:1 with lactulose + lecithin (finally 5.0% and 1.25%, respectively; LL). The 25% glycerol (G+) solution and cultures themselves were applied as positive and negative controls, respectively. Bacterial suspensions were stored at a mild freezing temperature (-20°C) until the end of the experiment (210th day). The LL solution had a comparable (insignificant difference at the P-value = 0.05) cryoprotective effect as the positive control in five of six bifidobacteria and in three of six representatives of Lactobacillaceae. The better cryoprotective effect was revealed in other Lactobacillaceae. At the end of the experiment, the generally accepted therapeutic minimum (>107 Colony Forming Units/mL) was determined in LL solution in five bifidobacteria and four Lactobacillaceae strains. The presented results improve knowledge about long-term mild cryopreservation of the most commonly used probiotics and could contribute to developing new forms of (nutri)synbiotics.
A balanced microbiota is a main prerequisite for the host's health. The aim of the present work was to develop defined pig microbiota (DPM) with the potential ability to protect piglets against infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, which causes enterocolitis. A total of 284 bacterial strains were isolated from the colon and fecal samples of wild and domestic pigs or piglets using selective and nonselective cultivation media. Isolates belonging to 47 species from 11 different genera were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The bacterial strains for the DPM were selected for anti-Salmonella activity, ability to aggregate, adherence to epithelial cells, and to be bile and acid tolerant. The selected combination of 9 strains was identified by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene as Bacillus sp., Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, B. porcinum, Clostridium sporogenes, Lactobacillus amylovorus, L. paracasei subsp. tolerans, Limosilactobacillus reuteri subsp. suis, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri (two strains) did not show mutual inhibition, and the mixture was stable under freezing for at least 6 months. Moreover, strains were classified as safe without pathogenic phenotype and resistance to antibiotics. Future experiments with Salmonella-infected piglets are needed to test the protective effect of the developed DPM.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- dietetika * výchova MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- profesionální společnosti organizace a řízení MeSH
- školy organizace a řízení MeSH
- vzdělávání odborné metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- rozhovory MeSH
Oligosacharidy, obsažené v mateřském mléce, mají pro správný vývoj novorozence nezastupitelnou úlohu a plní celou řadu biologických funkcí, i přesto jsou často opomíjeny. Z hlediska výživy nemají pro kojence velký význam, avšak jejich hlavní benefity spočívají ve schopnosti ovlivnit vývoj nervové soustavy a imunity kojence díky svým prebiotickým, antimikrobiálním, antiadhezivním a antibiofilmovým vlastnostem. Bohužel nedostatek informací o těchto oligosacharidech nás brzdí v jejich terapeutickém využití.
The oligosaccharides contained in breast milk play an irreplaceable role in the proper development of the newborn and perform a number of biological functions, although they are often neglected. From a nutritional point of view, they are not very important for infants, but their main benefits are their ability to influence the development of the infant's nervous system and immunity due to their prebiotic, antimicrobial, antiadhesive and antibiofilm properties. Unfortunately, the lack of information about them hinders us in their therapeutic use.
- MeSH
- fyziologie výživy kojenců MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko * fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- oligosacharidy * fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Cíl: Cílem práce je pojednání o transplantacích amniové membrány na Oční klinice Fakultní nemocnice Brno a retrospektivní zhodnocení souboru pacientů za období 2014–2019, kteří byli operováni pro různé indikace. Soubor a metodika: Retrospektivní vyhodnocení počtu a účinnosti jednotlivých druhů amniové membrány na souboru pacientů po transplantaci amniové membrány (AMT) pro různé indikace. Do sledovaného souboru bylo zařazeno celkem 134 pacientů, z toho 68 mužů a 66 žen. Medián věku byl 70 let. Celkový počet provedených transplantací amniové membrány během vybraných šesti let byl 139, přičemž rozložení v použití mražené (69 očí) a lyofilizované amniové membrány (70 očí) tvořilo polovinu. Technika AMT se volila na základě vstupního nálezu a diagnózy. Použitý typ amniové membrány (lyofilizovaná vs. mražená) závisel na urgentnosti výkonu. Výsledky: Na souboru 134 pacientů (139 očí) byl vyhodnocen počet transplantací amniových membrán a demonstrována jejich účinnost u jednotlivých diagnóz. Ve sledovací době bylo provedeno více transplantací amniových membrán za hospitalizace než v ambulantním režimu, a to u obou typů membrán (mražená i lyofilizovaná). Transplantace amniové membrány za hospitalizace byla provedena u 89 očí, v ambulantním režimu u 50 očí. Mezi indikace provedených transplantací amniové membrány patřila nejčastěji mikroperforace a perforace rohovky (30 očí), nehojící se defekty rohovky (21 očí), descemetokéla (19 očí), neurotrofické defekty (16 očí), ablace pterygia (12 očí) a lýza rohovky (11 očí). Ostatní stavy (léze spojivky, rekonstrukce fornixů, poleptání, periferní ulcerózní keratitida, oční jizevnatý pemfigoid a keratektomie) byly zastoupeny v menším počtu. Přes velmi rozmanitou skupinu indikací a pokročilý věk pacientů byla zjištěna velmi dobrá účinnost provedených transplantací amniové membrány. Někteří pacienti v průběhu sledovacího období zemřeli, limitací práce je tedy krátká a nestejná sledovací doba. Závěr: Úspěšnost AMT závisí nejen na správném načasování, indikaci a technice transplantace, ale i na compliance pacienta a dobře fungující spolupráci spádových očních lékařů.
Background: The aim of the work is a discussion of amniotic membrane transplantation at the Eye Clinic of the University Hospital Brno and a retrospective evaluation of a group of patients for the period 2014–2019 who were treated for various indications. Methods: Retrospective evaluation of the number and effectiveness of individual types of amniotic membrane in a group of patients after amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for various indications. A total of 134 patients were included in the study group, of which 68 were men and 66 were women. The median age was 70 years. The total number of amniotic membrane transplants performed during the selected six years was 139, with half the distribution using frozen (69 eyes) and lyophilized amniotic membrane (70 eyes). The AMT technique was chosen based on the initial finding and diagnosis. The type of amniotic membrane used (lyophilized vs. frozen) depended on the urgency of the procedure. Results: The number of amniotic membrane transplantations was evaluated in a group of 134 patients (139 eyes) and their effectiveness in individual diagnoses was demonstrated. During the follow-up period, more transplantations of amniotic membranes were performed during hospitalization than in the outpatient department, both types of membranes (frozen and lyophilized). Amniotic membrane transplantation during hospitalization was performed in 89 eyes, in the outpatient mode in 50 eyes. Indications for amniotic membrane transplantation included microperforation and corneal perforation (30 eyes), non-healing corneal defects (21 eyes), descemetocele (19 eyes), neurotrophic defects (16 eyes), ablation of pterygium (12 eyes) and corneal lysis (11 eyes). eyes). Other conditions (conjunctival lesions, fornix reconstruction, burns, peripheral ulcerative keratitis, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and keratectomy) were represented in smaller numbers. Despite the very diverse group of indications and the advanced age of the patients, a very good efficacy of the performed amniotic membrane transplantations was found. Some patients died during the follow-up period, so the limitation of work is short and unequal follow-up period. Conclusion: The success of the procedure depends not only on the correct timing, indication and technique of transplantation, but also on patient compliance and well-functioning cooperation of regional ophthalmologists.
AIM: The aim of this cytogenetic study is to confirm the significance of chromosome 3 loss (monosomy 3) and of the gain of chromosome 8 as prognostic markers in histopathological samples of enucleated eyes with uveal melanoma in the Czech population. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 52 enucleated eyes. Chromosome 3 and 8 status were tested by CISH, and in a few samples FISH was used. The correlation between monosomy 3 and gain of chromosome 8 and clinical features (histopathological type, size of the tumour) were evaluated. A follow up for the detection of metastases was conducted in all patients. The statistical significance of chromosomal abnormalities as a prognostic factor for the development of metastases was calculated. RESULTS: There were 52 patients, 27 men (51.9%) and 25 women (48.1%) enrolled in our study group. The mean age was 63 ± 14 years. Loss of the one copy of chromosome 3 (monosomy 3) was detected in 26 (50.0%) patients, monosomy 8 was present in 34.6% of patients with monosomy 3. After 5 years there were no metastases in 82% of patients without monosomy 3 as opposed to 40% of patients with monosomy 3. We confirmed a statistically significant association between progression free survival (PFS) and the presence of monosomy 3 (P=0.017). The association between PFS and gain of chromosome 8 was significant as well (0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed the association of progression-free survival with the presence of monosomy 3 in uveal melanomas. We provided a good prognostic value of monosomy 3 in uveal melanoma.
- MeSH
- chromozomální aberace * MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- genetické markery * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidské chromozomy, pár 3 * MeSH
- lidské chromozomy, pár 8 * MeSH
- melanom genetika MeSH
- monozomie genetika MeSH
- nádory uvey genetika MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
We report a case of lamellar ichthyosis and sight-threatening complications of cicatricial ectropion in an adult male patient which was surgically managed with tectonic penetrating keratoplasty. We present a case of autosomal-recessive lamellar ichthyosis in a 47-year-old man who was referred to our outpatient eye clinic for treatment of primary keratouveitis of the right eye with keratolysis and exudation in the anterior chamber. A diagnosis of cicatricial ectropion with serious lagophthalmos was established on examination. The patient underwent tectonic penetrating keratoplasty, cataract extraction, and intra-ocular lens placement with no perioperative complications. The patient was subsequently treated with oral fluconazole 200 mg once daily for 12 days due to a positive fungal culture for Candida albicans and systemic oral acyclovir 250 mg 3 times per day for 12 days as prophylaxis for a labial herpetic infection. Post-operative complications included corneal rejection and nonhealing neurotropic epithelial defect of the graft. Long-term treatment with topical cyclosporine (Ikervis®) and dexamethasone led to resolution of the corneal rejection. Lubrication with artificial tears containing hyaluronic acid, perfluorohexyl octane (Evotears®), and vitamin A ointment led to symptomatic relief of dry eye disease. The patient was referred to a dermatologist and was started on systemic retinoid acitretin at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg per day. Ten months after surgery, the patient's visual acuity was 0.1 based on the Snellen chart and the corneal graft was stable. Infection in the cornea can rapidly progress to corneal melting in patients with severe cicatricial ectropion. A good patient outcome depends on the interdisciplinary approach to patient management by the ophthalmologist, dermatologist, and plastic surgeon.
- MeSH
- ektropion etiologie patologie terapie MeSH
- lamelární ichtyóza komplikace patologie terapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
