Dimetindene is a sedating antihistamine indicated for the symptomatic treatment of allergic conditions. Dimetindene is marketed among others under the trade name Fenistil (oral solution). Toxicity data are limited, and there is no consensus on the dose at which children require hospitalization. Objective is to determine the potentially toxic dose in children. Data in children with age up to 15 years were obtained from hospital discharge reports. Of 139 paediatric hospital discharge reports, 23 cases (16.5%) were excluded because of uncertain ingestion. In 116 children (46 boys and 70 girls, mean age 2 years and 9 months ± 1 year and 1 month), the majority of children developed no symptoms (87 children, 75%, mean age 3 years±1 year) and the remaining 29 children (25%, mean age 2 years and 11 months ± 1 year and 3 months) developed only mild and spontaneously resolving symptoms of poisoning after a dose of 0.82 ± 0.32 mg/kg b.w. (range 0.26-1.82 mg/kg). In 98% of all cases, hospitalized children were observed for a maximum 24 h, and their condition did not require specific treatment. In conclusion, the prognosis for accidental dimetindene poisoning in children appears to be good and the minimum toxic dose has been determined to be 0.5 mg/kg b.w.
- MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists MeSH
- Dimethindene * MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Hospitalization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Poisoning * therapy MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
[Accidental dimetindene intoxications in children]
Dimetinden je sedativní antihistaminikum indikované k symptomatické léčbě kašle, běžného nachlazení a kopřivky u dětí. Údaje o toxicitě jsou velmi omezené a neexistuje shoda o dávce, od níž mají být děti hospitalizovány. Podle dotazů Toxikologického informačního střediska (TIS) v letech 2010–2022 se v 95 % případů intoxikovaly děti, jen ve zlomku případů dospělí (5 %). Tento počet konzultací narůstá. Při studiu 100 propouštěcích zpráv z hospitalizací dětí v letech 2020–2022 bylo zjištěno, že až do dávky 0,25 mg/kg tělesné hmotnosti byly děti asymptomatické a do dávky 0,50 mg/kg se vyskytly jen lehké příznaky. Děti byly v 98 % případů hospitalizovány maximálně 24 hodin a jejich stav nevyžadoval léčbu. Podle těchto předběžných výsledků se prognóza náhodných intoxikací dimetindenem u dětí jeví jako dobrá. Při překročení dávky 0,50 mg/kg nebo při pochybnostech však doporučujeme vždy konzultovat TIS.
Dimetindene is a sedative antihistamine indicated for the symptomatic treatment of cough, common cold and urticaria in children. Toxicity data are very limited and there is no consensus on the dose at which children require hospitalization. According to inquiries to Toxicology Information Center (TIC) in the years 2010– 2022, the children were intoxicated in 95% of cases, adults in only a fraction of cases (5%). The number of consultations is increasing. In a study of 100 discharge reports from hospitalizations of children in 2020–2022, it was found that up to a dose of 0.25 mg/kg of body weight, children were asymptomatic, and up to a dose of 0.50 mg/kg, only mild symptoms occurred. In 98% of cases, the children were hospitalized for a maximum of 24 hours and their condition did not require treatment. According to these preliminary results, the prognosis of accidental dimetinden intoxications in children appears to be good. However, if a dose of 0.50 mg/kg is exceeded or in case of doubt, we recommend always consulting TIC.
- Keywords
- AZELASTIN, rupatadin, symptomatická terapie,
- MeSH
- Hypersensitivity drug therapy MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists * administration & dosage adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Histamine Antagonists * classification adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Cetirizine analogs & derivatives administration & dosage MeSH
- Dimethindene administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Histamine pharmacology MeSH
- Ketotifen administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Loratadine analogs & derivatives administration & dosage MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating * administration & dosage pharmacology classification MeSH
- Inflammation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Keywords
- kofferdam,
- MeSH
- Latex Hypersensitivity * drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Betamethasone pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Dimethindene pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Rubber Dams adverse effects MeSH
- Skin Tests methods utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Serologic Tests methods utilization MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Dentistry, Operative MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
x
x
- MeSH
- Rhinitis, Allergic diagnosis drug therapy MeSH
- Hypersensitivity * MeSH
- Histamine H3 Antagonists administration & dosage MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists MeSH
- Histamine H2 Antagonists administration & dosage MeSH
- Antazoline administration & dosage MeSH
- Beclomethasone administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Dimethindene administration & dosage MeSH
- Phenylephrine administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Imidazoles administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Nonprescription Drugs * MeSH
- Nasal Sprays MeSH
- Sympathomimetics therapeutic use MeSH
Lékové intoxikace jsou nejčastějším důvodem konzultací Toxikologického informačního střediska (TIS) u dětí i dospělých. Obvyklou příčinou lékových otrav dětí jsou náhody a léčebné omyly. U adolescentů a dospělých jde především o suicidální pokusy. Po expozici toxickým dávkám léků se uplatňují kroky primární dekontaminace (před vstřebáním léku), symptomatická terapie, ojediněle antidota a výjimečně sekundární eliminační metody (po vstřebání léků do oběhu a tkání).
The usual cause of drug poisoning of children are accidents and medical errors. In adolescents and adults, it is mainly about the suicide attempts. After exposure to toxic doses of drugs are applied methods of primary decontamination (before absorption of the drug), symptomatic therapy, rarely antidotes and exceptionally secondary elimination methods (after the absorption of drugs into circulation and tissues).
- MeSH
- Antidotes therapeutic use MeSH
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists poisoning MeSH
- Calcium Channel Blockers poisoning toxicity MeSH
- Decontamination methods MeSH
- Dimethindene poisoning MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Charcoal administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Ibuprofen poisoning toxicity MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Medication Errors MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Poisoning * etiology therapy MeSH
- Acetaminophen poisoning toxicity MeSH
- Drug Overdose MeSH
- Gastric Lavage MeSH
- Prescription Drug Misuse adverse effects MeSH
- Vomiting MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Keywords
- Fenistil,
- MeSH
- Histamine Antagonists therapeutic use MeSH
- Antipruritics MeSH
- Dimethindene pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pruritus * etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
Antihistaminika patří mezi nejčastěji užívané léky na celém světě. H1-antihistaminika blokují působení histaminu při alergii a jsou proto doporučována jako lék první volby u většiny alergických onemocnění. V tomto článku je stručně uveden přehled jejich účinku, klinická farmakologie, jejich postavení v léčbě alergických chorob a nepříznivé účinky této terapie. Hlavní pozornost je zaměřena na antagonisty H1-receptorů II. generace.
Antihistamines are among the most frequently used medications in the world. H1-antihistamines block the effect of histamine in allergy and are, therefore recommended as the first line treatment in most allergic diseases. In this article, the basis for their action, their clinical pharmacology, their role in the treatment of allergic disorders and their adverse effects are briefly reviewed. The main attention is focused to the second generation of the H1-receptor antagonists.
- Keywords
- Dithiaden, Peritol, Fenistil, Tavegyl, Prothazin, Zyrtec, Allergodil, Livostin,
- MeSH
- Hypersensitivity drug therapy MeSH
- Histamine Antagonists therapeutic use MeSH
- Benzothiepins administration & dosage MeSH
- Cetirizine analogs & derivatives administration & dosage MeSH
- Cyproheptadine analogs & derivatives administration & dosage MeSH
- Dimethindene administration & dosage MeSH
- Phthalazines MeSH
- Clemastine administration & dosage MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Loratadine analogs & derivatives administration & dosage MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating therapeutic use MeSH
- Piperidines MeSH
- Promethazine administration & dosage MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
A novel high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of dimethindene maleate in pharmaceutical gel using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with UV detection was developed and validated. Following optimal conditions for the analysis of dimethindene maleate were used: analytical column SeQuant ZIC-HILIC (50mmx2.1mm, 5microm), and mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and aqueous solution of acetic acid (25mM) and ammonium acetate (2.5mM) (87.5:12.5, v:v). The analysis time was less than 3min at a flow rate of 0.3mlmin(-1). UV detection was performed at 258nm. The method was validated and system suitability parameters were evaluated. The method is suitable for application for routine determination of dimethindene maleate in topical pharmaceutical preparation.
- MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists analysis administration & dosage MeSH
- Administration, Topical MeSH
- Dimethindene analysis administration & dosage MeSH
- Gels MeSH
- Reference Standards MeSH
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet MeSH
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Kapilárna izotachoforéza bola využitá na separáciu a stanovenie enantiomérov dimetindenu v rôznych liekových formách. Bolo preskúšaných niekoľko typov chirálnych selektorov vo viacerých elektrolytových systémoch s rôznym zložením a rôznym pH. Optimálny vodiaci elektrolyt bol tvorený 10 mmol/l octanom draselným a kyselinou octovou do výslednej hodnoty pH 4,8 s prídavkom 4 mmol/l karboxyetyl-β-cyklodextrínu ako chirálneho selektora a 0,2% metylhydroxyetylcelulózy (m–HEC) na potlačenie elektroosmotického toku. Ako zakončujúci elektrolyt sa použil β-alanín s koncentráciou 5 mmol/l. Bola hodnotená presnosť, správnosť, linearita, robustnosť a selektivita vypracovanej ITP metódy. Predúprava vzorky pred analýzou spočívala v rozpustení a nariedení príslušnej liekovej formy s obsahom dimetindenu demineralizovanou vodou na požadovanú koncentráciu. Takto upravená vzorka bola priamo dávkovaná do prístroja.
Capillary isotachophoresis was employed to separate and determine dimethinden enantiomers in various dosage forms. Several types of chiral selectors were tested in various electrolyte systems of different composition and different pH. The optimal leading electrolyte was composed of 10 mmol/l potassium acetate and acetic acid to achieve pH 4.8 with an addition of 4 mmol/l carboxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector and 0.2 % of methylhydroxyethylcellulose (m–HEC) to suppress the electroosmotic flow. The terminating electrolyte was β- alanine of a concentration of 5 mmol/l. The evaluation included the precision, correctness, linearity, robustness, and selectivity of the elaborated ITP method. The pretreatment of the sample prior to analysis consisted in the dissolution and dilution of the appropriate dimethinden-containing dosage form with demineralized water to achieve the required concentration. Such a pretreated sample was directly dosed into the apparatus.
