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- MeSH
- Rhinitis, Allergic diagnosis drug therapy MeSH
- Hypersensitivity * MeSH
- Histamine H3 Antagonists administration & dosage MeSH
- Histamine H1 Antagonists MeSH
- Histamine H2 Antagonists administration & dosage MeSH
- Antazoline administration & dosage MeSH
- Beclomethasone administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Dimethindene administration & dosage MeSH
- Phenylephrine administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects therapeutic use MeSH
- Imidazoles administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Nonprescription Drugs * MeSH
- Nasal Sprays MeSH
- Sympathomimetics therapeutic use MeSH
V kazuistice je prezentován případ pacientky, která byla na naše oddělení odeslána pro rok trvající anizokorii. Kromě anizokorie pacientka žádné subjektivní potíže neměla. Zornice na pravém oku byla o více než 1 mm širší než zornice vlevo. Přímá fotoreakce byla výbavná na obou očích, na levém oku byl patrný dilatační deficit. Byla přítomna lehká ptóza horního víčka vlevo. Nález na předním i zadním segmentu byl na obou očích bez patologie, jen na levém oku byla duhovka poněkud světlejší. Oční nález ukazoval na Hornerův syndrom, jehož příčinu se však nepodařilo zjistit. V kazuistice je poukázáno na problémy spojené s farmakologickými testy pro průkaz Hornerova syndromu a jsou uvedeny alternativy kokainového testu s ohledem na látky, které jsou v současné době v České republice dostupné. Klíčová slova: anizokorie, Hornerův syndrom, kokainový test, fenylefrin
The case report presents a patient, who was examined at our department due to anisocoria that was present for more than one year. Besides the anisocoria the patient had no other pathological symptoms. The pupil on the right eye was larger than on the left eye by more than 1mm. Photoreaction was present on both eyes with a dilatation deficit on the left eye. There was also a slight ptosis on the left. The anterior and posterior eye segment was normal, only the iris of the left eye was slightly decoloured. The ophthalmological finding was pointing to Horner syndrome on the left side. The cause of the syndrome was not found. The case report discusses current problems of pharmacological pupillary tests used in Horner syndrome. Alternatives to the standard cocaine test are proposed, with respect to substances currently available in the Czech Republic. Keywords: anisocoria, Horner syndrome, cocaine test, phenylephrine
- MeSH
- Anisocoria diagnosis etiology pathology MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Phenylephrine administration & dosage MeSH
- Horner Syndrome * diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Cocaine MeSH
- Drug Prescriptions MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Signs and Symptoms MeSH
- Pupil MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Anisocoria diagnosis etiology pathology MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Phenylephrine administration & dosage MeSH
- Horner Syndrome * diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Cocaine MeSH
- Drug Prescriptions MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Signs and Symptoms MeSH
- Pupil MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
STR/N is an inbred strain of mice which is known to exhibit extreme polydipsia and polyuria. We previously found central administration of angiotensin II enhanced cardiovascular responses in STR/N mice than normal mice, suggesting that STR/N mice might exhibit different cardiovascular responses. Therefore, in this study, we investigated daily mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate, and changes in the baroreceptor-heart rate reflex in conscious STR/N mice and control (ICR) mice. We found that variability in daily mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate was significantly larger in STR/N mice than in ICR mice (p<0.05). There was a stronger response to phenylephrine (PE) in STR/N mice than in ICR mice. For baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, in the rapid response period, the slopes of PE and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were more negative in STR/N mice than in ICR mice. In the later period, the slopes of PE and SNP were negatively correlated between heart rate and blood pressure in ICR mice, but their slopes were positively correlated in STR/N mice. These results indicated that STR/N mice exhibited the different cardiovascular responses than ICR mice, suggesting that the dysfunction of baroreceptor reflex happened in conscious STR/N mice.
- MeSH
- Baroreflex drug effects MeSH
- Phenylephrine pharmacology MeSH
- Blood Pressure MeSH
- Mice, Inbred ICR MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Nitroprusside pharmacology MeSH
- Polydipsia genetics physiopathology MeSH
- Pressoreceptors physiopathology MeSH
- Heart Rate * drug effects MeSH
- Vasodilator Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Vasoconstrictor Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- Benzoquinones MeSH
- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical * MeSH
- Chlorpheniramine chemistry MeSH
- Phenylephrine * analogs & derivatives analysis chemistry MeSH
- Drug Combinations * MeSH
- Imines MeSH
- Acetaminophen MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results MeSH
- Spectrophotometry MeSH
- Tablets MeSH
- Publication type
- Evaluation Study MeSH
Different pharmaceutical preparations against the common cold containing phenylephrine (PHE) and saccharose were studied. New impurities were discovered in these preparations after exposure using isocratic ion-pair chromatography separation on a C18 column. LC-MS and NMR techniques were employed to identify and to fully characterize these new compounds. The products were identified as 1-[5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-4,8-diol and 1-[5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl]-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-4,6-diol. Identification of these degradation products allowed to understand and to confirm their formation mechanism. The developed HPLC method separates of all known impurities and impurities originated from PHE as well.
- MeSH
- Models, Chemical MeSH
- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical MeSH
- Chromatography, Liquid methods MeSH
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical methods MeSH
- Phenylephrine analysis chemistry MeSH
- Mass Spectrometry methods MeSH
- Drug Contamination MeSH
- Pharmaceutical Preparations analysis MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods MeSH
- Excipients chemistry MeSH
- Sucrose analysis MeSH
- Drug Stability MeSH
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
A rapid procedure based on a direct extraction and HPLC determination with fluorescence detection of phenylephrine in pharmaceutical sachets that include a large excess of paracetamol (65 + 1, w/w), ascorbic acid (5 + 1, w/w), and other excipients (aspartame and sucrose) was developed and validated. The final optimized chromatographic method for ion-pair chromatography used an XTerra RP18 column, 3 microm particle size, 50 x 3.0 mm id. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and buffer (10 mM sodium octane-1-sulfonate, adjusted with H3PO4 to pH 2.2; 200 + 800, v/v), with a constant flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The separation was carried out at 30 degrees C, and the injection volume was 3 microL. Fluorescence detection was performed at excitation and emission wavelengths of 275 and 310 nm, respectively. The mobile phase parameters, such as the organic solvent fraction (acetonitrile) in mobile phase as an organic modifier, the concentration of sodium octane-1-sulfonate as a counter-ion, temperature, and pH of mobile phase, were studied. As an alternative to ion-pair chromatography, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) was investigated using a Luna HILIC column, 3 microm, 100 x 4.6 mm id. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and buffer (5 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate, adjusted with H3PO4 to pH 2.5; 750 + 250, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The separation was carried out at 25 degrees C, and the injection volume was 5 microL. The proposed method has an advantage of a very simple sample pretreatment, and is much faster than the currently utilized HPLC methods using gradient elution and UV detection. Commercial samples of sachets were successfully analyzed by the proposed HPLC method.
- Keywords
- Paralen Grip,
- MeSH
- Influenza, Human drug therapy MeSH
- Dextromethorphan pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Phenylephrine pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Respiratory Tract Infections drug therapy MeSH
- Drug Therapy, Combination MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Acetaminophen pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Adrenergic Antagonists pharmacology MeSH
- Antidepressive Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Animal Experimentation MeSH
- Phenylephrine analogs & derivatives diagnostic use MeSH
- Indoles pharmacology MeSH
- Carbolines diagnostic use MeSH
- Methamphetamine pharmacology MeSH
- Rats, Wistar MeSH
- Free Radical Scavengers pharmacology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Abstracts MeSH
