Práce se zabývá zobrazovacími metodami z oboru radiodiagnostika, jejich podstatou a vývojem v čase, jejich vlivem na posudkové lékařství. Zobrazovací metody jsou medicínské postupy, které procházejí dynamickým vývojem, v posledních desetiletích v závislosti na rychlém technickém vývoji, zejména pak na počítačových technologiích. Uplatňují se napříč medicínskými obory, kde plní roli jednoho z hlavních pilířů objektivní diagnostiky. Práce se zabývá jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami, jejich principy od prostého rentgenového snímku, přes použití kontrastních látek, až po současné trendy, v některých případech již standardy v podobě použití hybridních zobrazovacích metod PET/CT a PET/MR. Nastiňuje i další možnosti využití zobrazovacích metod, které jsou v současné době ve fázi vývoje a klinického zkoušení. Uvedena jsou i RTG kritéria nové nemoci z povolání – postižení bederní páteře.

The work deals with imaging methods from the field of radio diagnostics, their essence and development over time, their influence on forensic medicine. Imaging methods are medical procedures that have undergone dynamic development in recent decades, depending on rapid technical development, especially on computer technologies. They are applied across medical fields, where they fulfill the role of one of the main pillars of objective diagnostics. The work deals with individual imaging methods, their principles from a simple X-ray image through using of contrast agents, to current trends, in some cases already standards in the form of the use of hybrid PET/CT and PET/MR imaging methods. It also outlines other possibilities of using imaging methods that are currently in the development and clinical testing phase. The X-ray criteria of a new occupational disease – lumbar spine disability – are also given.

• MeSH
• Diagnostic Imaging * methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Radiology, Interventional MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Bone Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Occupational Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed MeSH
• Growth Disorders diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   MeSH
• Disability Evaluation * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Acromioclavicular Joint pathology   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Scapula pathology   MeSH
• Musculoskeletal Diseases * diagnostic imaging   classification   pathology   therapy   MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   classification   pathology   therapy   MeSH
• Rotator Cuff Injuries diagnostic imaging   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Shoulder Joint diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Sternoclavicular Joint pathology   MeSH
• Tendinopathy diagnostic imaging   therapy   MeSH
• Torticollis surgery   etiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Upper Extremity pathology   MeSH
• Hip Joint abnormalities   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Cerebral Palsy surgery   diagnosis   classification   therapy   MeSH
• Joint Diseases * diagnostic imaging   classification   MeSH
• Infant, Premature MeSH
• Infant, Newborn * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn * MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

We introduce an ergonomic positioning for sonographic scanning of elbow joint where the patient is lying semisupine on the examination bed. This is in contrast with the conventional positioning where the patient is sitting on the edge of the bed or across the table on a chair. Our proposed positioning is more comfortable for both the patient and ultrasound practitioner. It also allows immediate ultrasound-guided injections with lesser risk regarding a vasovagal syncope of the patient.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Elbow Joint diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Patient Positioning methods   MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Joints diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Joint Diseases * diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Radiography MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Debridement methods   MeSH
• Clinical Decision-Making MeSH
• Knee Joint surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Joint Diseases surgery   diagnostic imaging   classification   pathology   MeSH
• Device Removal methods   MeSH
• Orthopedic Procedures classification   methods   MeSH
• Osteotomy methods   MeSH
• Knee Prosthesis classification   adverse effects   MeSH
• Reoperation * classification   methods   MeSH
• Prosthesis Retention methods   MeSH
• Wound Closure Techniques MeSH
• Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee * classification   methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage   classification   MeSH
• Biocompatible Materials classification   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Infections drug therapy   complications   MeSH
• Knee Joint surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   classification   complications   therapy   MeSH
• Joint Instability surgery   diagnosis   etiology   classification   MeSH
• Osseointegration MeSH
• Patellofemoral Joint surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Periprosthetic Fractures surgery   diagnostic imaging   etiology   classification   MeSH
• Knee Prosthesis classification   adverse effects   MeSH
• Reoperation * classification   methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee * classification   methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Hernia diagnostic imaging   etiology   pathology   MeSH
• Knee diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   etiology   pathology   MeSH
• Postoperative Complications diagnostic imaging   etiology   pathology   MeSH
• Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee adverse effects   MeSH
• Adipose Tissue diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH

BACKGROUND: Outcomes of total knee replacement in cases of hemophilic patients are worse than in patients who undergo operations due to osteoarthritis. Previous publications have reported varying rates of complications in hemophilic patients, such as infection and an unsatisfactory range of motion, which have influenced the survival of prostheses. Our retrospective study evaluated the data of hemophilic patients regarding changes in the development of the range of motion. METHODS: The data and clinical outcomes of 72 total knee replacements in 45 patients with hemophilia types A and B were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were operated between 1998 and 2013. All of the patients were systematically followed up to record the range of motion and other parameters before and after surgery. RESULTS: The mean preoperative flexion contracture was 17° ± 11° (range, 0°-40°), and it was 7° ± 12° (range, 0°-60°) postoperatively. The mean flexion of the knee was 73° ± 30° (range, 5°-135°) before the operation and 80° ± 19° (range, 30°-110°) at the last follow-up. The mean range of motion was 56° ± 34° (range, 0°-130°) before the operation and 73° ± 24° (range, 10°-110°) at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Statistical analysis suggested that the range of motion could be improved until the 9th postoperative week. The patient should be operated on until the flexion contracture reaches 22° to obtain a contracture < 15° postoperatively or until the contracture reaches 12° to obtain less than 5°. The operation generally does not change the flexion of the knee in cases of hemophilic patients, but it reduces the flexion contracture and therefore improves the range.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Hemophilia A diagnostic imaging   psychology   surgery   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Follow-Up Studies MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   psychology   surgery   MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Range of Motion, Articular physiology   MeSH
• Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee methods   psychology   trends   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Acromegaly complications   MeSH
• Alkaptonuria complications   MeSH
• beta-Thalassemia complications   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Gaucher Disease complications   MeSH
• Glucocorticoids administration & dosage   MeSH
• Hemochromatosis complications   MeSH
• Hemophilia A complications   MeSH
• Hemoglobinopathies classification   complications   MeSH
• Hepatolenticular Degeneration complications   MeSH
• Hyperlipidemias drug therapy   classification   complications   MeSH
• Hypolipidemic Agents administration & dosage   MeSH
• Comorbidity MeSH
• Diabetes Complications MeSH
• Hematologic Diseases complications   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neoplasms complications   MeSH
• Endocrine System Diseases classification   complications   MeSH
• Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging   etiology   drug therapy   classification   MeSH
• Thyroid Diseases complications   MeSH
• Muscular Diseases complications   MeSH
• Paraneoplastic Syndromes diagnosis   MeSH
• Rheumatic Diseases * diagnostic imaging   etiology   drug therapy   classification   MeSH
• Sphingolipidoses classification   complications   MeSH
• Anemia, Sickle Cell complications   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH