• Publikační typ
• tisková chyba MeSH

Temporal interference (TI) is a method of non-invasive brain stimulation using transcutaneous electrodes which allows the targeting and modulation of deeper brain structures, not normally associated with non-invasive simulation, while avoiding unwanted stimulation of shallower cortical structures. The properties of TI have been previously demonstrated, however, the problem of decoupling stimulation focality from stimulation intensity has not yet been well addressed. In this paper, we provide a possible novel solution, multipolar TI (mTI), which allows increased independent control over both the size of the stimulated region and the stimulation intensity. The mTI method uses multiple carrier frequencies to create multiple overlapping amplitude-modulated envelopes, rather than using one envelope as in standard TI. The study presents an explanation of the concept of mTI along with experimental data gathered from Rhesus macaques and mice. We improved the focality at depth in anesthetized mice and monkeys, and using the new focality in awake monkeys, evoked targeted activity at depth in the superior colliculus. The mTI method could be an interesting and potentially useful new tool alongside other forms of non-invasive brain stimulation. Teaser Multipolar Temporal Interference Stimulation can produce a more focal brain stimulation at depth compared to Temporal Interference.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second most prevalent malignancy globally, highlighting the urgent need for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, as well as a deeper understanding of its molecular basis. Extensive research has demonstrated that cells actively secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) to mediate intercellular communication at both proximal and distal sites. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the RNA content of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted into the culture media of five frequently utilised CRC cell lines (RKO, HCT116, HCT15, HT29, and DLD1). RNA sequencing data revealed significant insights into the RNA profiles of these sEVs, identifying nine protein-coding genes and fourteen long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes that consistently ranked among the top 30 most abundant across all cell lines. Notably, the genes found in sEVs were highly similar among the cell lines, indicating a conserved molecular signature. Several of these genes have been previously documented in the context of cancer biology, while others represent novel discoveries. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular cargo of sEVs in CRC, potentially unveiling novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

• MeSH
• extracelulární vezikuly * metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• HCT116 buňky MeSH
• kolorektální nádory * genetika   patologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• RNA dlouhá nekódující genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza RNA MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The majority of motor tasks in sports are executed unilaterally, however research on the impact of unilateral conditioning activities (CAs) on both unilateral and bilateral sports tasks remains limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of isometric and plyometric unilateral CAs on unilateral and bilateral jumping performance. The study involved fifteen resistance-trained males who participated in three experimental sessions: 3 sets of 3 s of maximum isometric single-leg quarter-squats or 3 sets of 5 single-leg tuck jumps as CAs, along with a control condition without CA. Measurements of single-leg jump (SLJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were taken 5 min before, and at approximately the 3th, 6th and 9th minute after the CA. The analysis did not show any statistically significant interactions nor a main effect of condition or time (p > 0.05) for CMJ height and relative peak power. However, a main effect of time (p = 0.02) to increase non-dominant SLJ height from baseline to best post-CA time-point was found (+ 0.8 ± 2.5 cm; Cohen's d = 0.22). Neither isometric nor plyometric CAs significantly affected CMJ and SLJ performance. The observed increase in jump height for the non-dominant leg is likely due to motor learning rather than the effects of the applied CAs.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kosterní svaly fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odporový trénink metody   MeSH
• plyometrická cvičení MeSH
• sportovní výkon fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Transcriptional activity and gene expression are critical for the development of mature, meiotically competent oocytes. Our study demonstrates that the absence of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) in oocytes leads to complete female sterility, as fully developed oocytes capable of completing meiosis I are absent from the ovaries. Mechanistically, CDK12 regulates RNA polymerase II activity in growing oocytes and ensures the maintenance of the physiological maternal transcriptome, which is essential for protein synthesis that drives further oocyte growth. Notably, CDK12-deficient growing oocytes exhibit a 71% reduction in transcriptional activity. Furthermore, impaired oocyte development disrupts folliculogenesis, leading to premature ovarian failure without terminal follicle maturation or ovulation. In conclusion, our findings identify CDK12 as a key master regulator of the oocyte transcriptional program and gene expression, indispensable for oocyte growth and female fertility. A schematic illustrating the effects of loss of CDK12 in mammalian oocytes on the regulation of transcription by polymerase II and the concomitant effects on translation. This disruption leads to an aberrant transcriptome and translatome, resulting in the absence of fully mature oocytes and ultimately female sterility.

• MeSH
• cyklin-dependentní kinasy * metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• meióza genetika   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oocyty * metabolismus   MeSH
• RNA-polymerasa II metabolismus   MeSH
• transkriptom genetika   MeSH
• ženská infertilita * genetika   patologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of different energy sources used for en-bloc transurethral resection of bladder tumors (ERBT) on perioperative outcomes. METHODS: This sub-analysis derived from a prospective randomized study that enrolled patients undergoing ERBT vs conventional transurethral resection of the bladder (cTURB) from January 2019 to January 2022 (NCT03718754). Endpoints were pathological specimen quality and perioperative outcomes after either monopolar (m-ERBT) or bipolar (b-ERBT) or laser (l-ERBT) ERBT. RESULTS: 237 bladder tumors resected in 188 patients included in the analyses: 29 (12.2%) m-ERBT, 136 (57.4%) b-ERBT and 72 (30.4%) l-ERBT. Detrusor muscle (DM) was detected in 191 (80.6%) specimens. Per-tumor analysis revealed comparable rate of DM in the specimens obtained via different energy modalities (p = 0.7). Operative time was longer in the l-ERBT cohort compared to m-ERBT and b-ERBT (p = 0.02) and no obturator nerve reflex (ONR) onset was reported. On logistic regression analysis, b-ERBT was associated with negative lateral resection margins (OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.02-7.70; p = 0.04). There was no significant association of the resection technique with perforation and conversion rates (all p > 0.05). Within a median follow up of 22mo (IQR 11-29), a total of 35 (18.6%) patients had a local recurrence. On Cox regression analysis, patients resected with b-ERBT were less likely to have a recurrence (HR 0.34; 95% CI 0.15-0.78; p = 0.01); When adjusting for established confounders, this association was confirmed (HR 0.24; 95% CI 0.10-0.60; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Different energy sources might achieve comparable perioperative outcomes. Further perspectives involve the assessment of long-term differential oncological outcomes associated with various energy modalities.

• MeSH
• cystektomie * metody   MeSH
• laserová terapie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• uretra chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum microRNAs in predicting pathologic findings of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). METHODS: PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library were searched in August 2024 to identify eligible studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. RESULTS: Nine studies comprising 603 patients were selected in this review. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of microRNA-371a-3p for predicting viable tumor other than pure teratoma in RPLND specimen were 0.76 (95% CI 0.49-0.90), 0.97 (95% CI 0.81-0.99) and 31.75 (95% CI 9.24-109.10), respectively. The pooled sensitivity for primary and post-chemotherapy RPLND (PC-RPLND), were 0.77 (95% CI 0.47-0.93) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.28-0.95), respectively. The pooled specificity for primary and PC-RPLND were 0.92 (95% CI 0.72-0.98) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.62-1.00), respectively. The pooled DOR for primary and PC-RPLND were 13.86 (95% CI 2.97-64.79) and 64.11 (95% CI 13.09-313.98), respectively. The major limitation is the lack of standardization of miR371 testing. CONCLUSION: miR-371a-3p is a relatively sensitive and highly specific marker for predicting viable tumors in RPLND pathologic findings. The DOR was particularly significant for patients who underwent PC-RPLND. While serum microRNAs may be useful in distinguishing viable germ cell tumors from necrosis, fibrosis, and teratomas, their ability to differentiate teratomas from necrosis is limited. Well-designed prospective studies are essential to enhance our understanding of the predictive performance of microRNAs.

• MeSH
• germinální a embryonální nádory * krev   patologie   diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie * MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy MeSH
• mikro RNA * krev   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• retroperitoneální prostor MeSH
• testikulární nádory * krev   patologie   diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Rozhovor s Hanou Fifkovou, česku sexuoložkou, o jejím životě a také o sexuologii a sexualitě a společnosti.; Dívky, které nechtějí dospět v ženy. Tento jev svedl dohromady psychiatričku a sexuoložku Hanu Fifkovou a filozofku Terezu Matějčkovou. Poprvé se setkaly v roce 2024 při debatě o narůstajícím počtu dívek a mladých žen, které uvažují o změně pohlaví. Diskuse přerostla v několikaměsíční setkávání nad úvahami: Jak se do fenoménu promítla populární filozofická teorie, dle které si každý může stanovit, kým bude? Jakou roli hrají sociální média nebo současný feminismus? A promlouvá do fenoménu i rozšířené přesvědčení, že nad biologií vítězí společnost? Autorka knižního rozhovoru Tereza Matějčková se vrací i do devadesátých let, kdy Hana Fifková jako mladá psychiatrička a sexuoložka pracovala v bohnické léčebně na uzavřeném sexuologickém oddělení, otevírala téma sexuálního zneužívání v ordinacích a stala se „veřejnou sexuoložkou“ vysvětlující Čechům, co je ještě normální. Autorku nezajímají pouze tato témata, ale i osobnost zpovídané – její zázemí, život v bouřích i přijetí stárnutí. Jak ji samu ovlivnila její třicetiletá sexuologická praxe jako dceru, matku, manželku, babičku? A jak vidí člověk, který více než třicet let řeší otázky pohlavní identity, současnost? Kniha je doplněna rozsáhlým výkladovým slovníkem pojmů a jmen, který slouží jako mapa ve členitém terénu současných (nejen) genderových a sexuologických sporů.

• MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• psychiatři MeSH
• psychoterapeuti MeSH
• sexualita MeSH
• sexuální chování MeSH
• sociologické faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• rozhovory MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• Biografie
• NLK Obory
• sexuologie

• O autorovi
• Fifková, Hana, 1961- Autorita

Sborník rozhovorů se známými českými osobnostmi o jejich zkušenostech s duševními nemocemi a zdraví.; Duševní problémy trápí čím dál více lidí a stává se z nich celospolečenský fenomén. Novinářka Linda Bartošová vyzpovídala devět osobností, do jejichž psychiky zasáhly různé diagnózy – od vyhoření přes poruchu příjmu potravy až po deprese a úzkostné poruchy. Otevřené rozhovory s hercem Josefem Trojanem, influencerkou Sophií Šarlak, novinářkou Hanou Řičicovou, spisovatelem Markem Torčíkem a dalšími známými tvářemi dokazují jedno: nemoc si nevybírá, vždy je ale kam se obrátit o pomoc.

• MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• duševně nemocní MeSH
• duševní poruchy MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• významné osobnosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• rozhovory MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Psychologie
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• psychiatrie

Background: The pelvic girdle is an important component of the human stabilization system, both during the maintenance of an upright standing position and during motor activities. Frequent functional and structural asymmetries within it can affect the structure and function of many organs and systems of the human body. The mechanism of their occurrence is not fully explained. The objective of the present study was to verify the hypothesis regarding the relationship between the value of pelvic asymmetry and the functional state of muscles that stabilize the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, as measured by changes in their stiffness. Methods: The study group consisted of 40 young women aged from 19 to 29 years. The observational cross-sectional study incorporated the following elements: an interview, an anthropometric test, an inclinometric assessment of the magnitude of hip girdle rotation utilizing a duometer and tensiomyography. Results: Analysis of the variables examined in subjects with symmetric or rotated pelvises did not show significant differences between the studied sides in the two groups. Evaluation of associations between the magnitude of pelvic rotation and tensiomyography findings showed that with increased pelvic rotation, the stiffness of the back extensor muscles and the rectus thigh muscles increased only slightly bilaterally, and the contraction rate of the rectus abdominis and biceps thigh muscles decreased. Conclusions: The results of the tensiomyography study did not unequivocally demonstrate that changes in pelvic symmetry in the transverse plane are associated with dysfunction of the muscles that stabilize the pelvic girdle.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH