BACKGROUND: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a cutaneous sarcoma with an infiltrative growth pattern that makes it challenging to clear margins. High quality data regarding DFSP natural history, management, and outcomes are limited. METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected for adult DFSP patients who underwent resection at 10 institutions in eight countries. Demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Analysis included 347 patients consisting of young (median, 42 years), White (76.2%), males (54.2%) with truncal lesions (57.3%). The majority (76.8%) were symptomatic at presentation. Preoperative imaging was used in 55.9% of cases. Diagnosis was established with excisional biopsy in 50.9% versus incisional biopsy in 25.0% of cases. Despite planned margins of >1.0 cm in 67.4% of cases, only 69.0% of patients achieved R0 resection. Twenty-two percent of patients underwent at least one re-excision. R0 resection was achieved at a second procedure in 80.2% and a third procedure in 86.2%. Ultimately, R0 resection was feasible in 89.5% of all patients. Fibrosarcomatous transformation (FST) was observed in 12.6%. In total, 6.6% (N = 23) recurred (17 local, six distant). Of the six distant recurrences, 50.0% had FST. With a median follow-up of 47.0 months, disease-specific survival rate was 98.8%. In multivariable analysis, R0 margins at index resection were associated with wider circumferential margins and non-FST histology. CONCLUSIONS: In this international, multicenter collaborative, DFSP practice patterns were heterogeneous but achieved favorable recurrence rates and survival. Multiple excisions to clear margins remain commonplace and can inform future efforts to optimize margin selection.
- MeSH
- Dermatofibrosarcoma * pathology surgery therapy mortality MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Internationality * MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms * pathology surgery mortality therapy MeSH
- Margins of Excision MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
This guideline was developed in close collaboration with multidisciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma were developed on the basis of systematic literature research and consensus conferences. Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most dangerous form of skin tumor and accounts for 90 % of skin cancer mortality. The diagnosis of melanoma can be made clinically and must always be confirmed by dermoscopy. If melanoma is suspected, a histopathological examination is always required. Sequential digital dermoscopy and whole-body photography can be used in high-risk patients to improve the detection of early-stage melanoma. If available, confocal reflectance microscopy can also improve the clinical diagnosis in special cases. Melanoma is classified according to the 8th version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification. For thin melanomas up to a tumor thickness of 0.8 mm, no further diagnostic imaging is required. From stage IB, lymph node sonography is recommended, but no further imaging examinations. From stage IIB/C, whole-body examinations with computed tomography or positron emission tomography CT in combination with magnetic resonance imaging of the brain are recommended. From stage IIB/C and higher, a mutation test is recommended, especially for the BRAF V600 mutation. It is important to perform a structured follow-up to detect relapses and secondary primary melanomas as early as possible. A stage-based follow-up regimen is proposed, which in the experience of the guideline group covers the optimal requirements, although further studies may be considered. This guideline is valid until the end of 2026.
- MeSH
- Dermoscopy methods standards MeSH
- Consensus * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melanoma * diagnosis therapy pathology MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms * diagnosis therapy pathology MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Systematic Reviews as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Practice Guideline MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are believed to have an increased risk of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), but reliable data are lacking regarding the precise incidence and associated risk factors. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study, including 19 specialist dermatology outpatient clinics in 15 countries, patient and tumor characteristics were collected using standardized questionnaires when SOTRs presented with a new cSCC. After a minimum of 2 years of follow-up, relevant data for all SOTRs were collected. Cumulative incidence of metastases was calculated by the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Fine and Gray models were used to assess multiple risk factors for metastases. RESULTS: Of 514 SOTRs who presented with 623 primary cSCCs, metastases developed in 37 with a 2-year patient-based cumulative incidence of 6.2%. Risk factors for metastases included location in the head and neck area, local recurrence, size > 2 cm, clinical ulceration, poor differentiation grade, perineural invasion, and deep invasion. A high-stage tumor that is also ulcerated showed the highest risk of metastasis, with a 2-year cumulative incidence of 46.2% (31.9%-68.4%). CONCLUSIONS: SOTRs have a high risk of cSCC metastases and well-established clinical and histologic risk factors have been confirmed. High-stage, ulcerated cSCCs have the highest risk of metastasis.
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Incidence MeSH
- Neoplasm Invasiveness MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local epidemiology MeSH
- Head and Neck Neoplasms epidemiology pathology MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms * epidemiology pathology MeSH
- Transplant Recipients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell * epidemiology MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Organ Transplantation * adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Europe MeSH
BACKGROUND: International guidelines recommend tailoring the radicality of hysterectomy according to the known preoperative tumor characteristics in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether increased radicality had an effect on 5-year disease-free survival in patients with early-stage cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy. The secondary aims were 5-year overall survival and pattern of recurrence. STUDY DESIGN: This was an international, multicenter, retrospective study from the Surveillance in Cervical CANcer (SCCAN) collaborative cohort. Patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 stage IB1 and IIA1 who underwent open type B/C1/C2 radical hysterectomy according to Querleu-Morrow classification between January 2007 and December 2016, who did not undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy and who had negative lymph nodes and free surgical margins at final histology, were included. Descriptive statistics and survival analyses were performed. Patients were stratified according to pathologic tumor diameter. Propensity score match analysis was performed to balance baseline characteristics in patients undergoing nerve-sparing and non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy. RESULTS: A total of 1257 patients were included. Of note, 883 patients (70.2%) underwent nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy, and 374 patients (29.8%) underwent non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy. Baseline differences between the study groups were found for tumor stage and diameter (higher use of non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy for tumors >2 cm or with vaginal involvement; P<.0001). The use of adjuvant therapy in patients undergoing nerve-sparing and non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was 27.3% vs 28.6%, respectively (P=.63). Five-year disease-free survival in patients undergoing nerve-sparing vs non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was 90.1% (95% confidence interval, 87.9-92.2) vs 93.8% (95% confidence interval, 91.1-96.5), respectively (P=.047). Non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was independently associated with better disease-free survival at multivariable analysis performed on the entire cohort (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.81; P=.004). Furthermore, 5-year overall survival in patients undergoing nerve-sparing vs non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was 95.7% (95% confidence interval, 94.1-97.2) vs non-nerve-sparing 96.5% (95% confidence interval, 94.3-98.7), respectively (P=.78). In patients with a tumor diameter ≤20 mm, 5-year disease-free survival was 94.7% in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy vs 96.2% in non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (P=.22). In patients with tumors between 21 and 40 mm, 5-year disease-free survival was 90.3% in non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy vs 83.1% in nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (P=.016) (no significant difference in the rate of adjuvant treatment in this subgroup, P=.47). This was confirmed after propensity match score analysis (balancing the 2 study groups). The pattern of recurrence in the propensity-matched population did not demonstrate any difference (P=.70). CONCLUSION: For tumors ≤20 mm, no survival difference was found with more radical hysterectomy. For tumors between 21 and 40 mm, a more radical hysterectomy was associated with improved 5-year disease-free survival. No difference in the pattern of recurrence according to the extent of radicality was observed. Non-nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was associated with better 5-year disease-free survival than nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy after propensity score match analysis.
- MeSH
- Hysterectomy adverse effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms * pathology MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell * pathology MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive radical trachelectomy has emerged as an alternative to open radical hysterectomy for patients with early-stage cervical cancer desiring future fertility. Recent data suggest worse oncologic outcomes after minimally invasive radical hysterectomy than after open radical hysterectomy in stage I cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare 4.5-year disease-free survival after open vs minimally invasive radical trachelectomy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a collaborative, international retrospective study (International Radical Trachelectomy Assessment Study) of patients treated during 2005-2017 at 18 centers in 12 countries. Eligible patients had squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, or adenosquamous carcinoma; had a preoperative tumor size of ≤2 cm; and underwent open or minimally invasive (robotic or laparoscopic) radical trachelectomy with nodal assessment (pelvic lymphadenectomy and/or sentinel lymph node biopsy). The exclusion criteria included neoadjuvant chemotherapy or preoperative pelvic radiotherapy, previous lymphadenectomy or pelvic retroperitoneal surgery, pregnancy, stage IA1 disease with lymphovascular space invasion, aborted trachelectomy (conversion to radical hysterectomy), or vaginal approach. Surgical approach, indication, and adjuvant therapy regimen were at the discretion of the treating institution. A total of 715 patients were entered into the study database. However, 69 patients were excluded, leaving 646 in the analysis. Endpoints were the 4.5-year disease-free survival rate (primary), 4.5-year overall survival rate (secondary), and recurrence rate (secondary). Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate disease-free survival and overall survival. A post hoc weighted analysis was performed, comparing the recurrence rates between surgical approaches, with open surgery being considered as standard and minimally invasive surgery as experimental. RESULTS: Of 646 patients, 358 underwent open surgery, and 288 underwent minimally invasive surgery. The median (range) patient age was 32 (20-42) years for open surgery vs 31 (18-45) years for minimally invasive surgery (P=.11). Median (range) pathologic tumor size was 15 (0-31) mm for open surgery and 12 (0.8-40) mm for minimally invasive surgery (P=.33). The rates of pelvic nodal involvement were 5.3% (19 of 358 patients) for open surgery and 4.9% (14 of 288 patients) for minimally invasive surgery (P=.81). Median (range) follow-up time was 5.5 (0.20-16.70) years for open surgery and 3.1 years (0.02-11.10) years for minimally invasive surgery (P<.001). At 4.5 years, 17 of 358 patients (4.7%) with open surgery and 18 of 288 patients (6.2%) with minimally invasive surgery had recurrence (P=.40). The 4.5-year disease-free survival rates were 94.3% (95% confidence interval, 91.6-97.0) for open surgery and 91.5% (95% confidence interval, 87.6-95.6) for minimally invasive surgery (log-rank P=.37). Post hoc propensity score analysis of recurrence risk showed no difference between surgical approaches (P=.42). At 4.5 years, there were 6 disease-related deaths (open surgery, 3; minimally invasive surgery, 3) (log-rank P=.49). The 4.5-year overall survival rates were 99.2% (95% confidence interval, 97.6-99.7) for open surgery and 99.0% (95% confidence interval, 79.0-99.8) for minimally invasive surgery. CONCLUSION: The 4.5-year disease-free survival rates did not differ between open radical trachelectomy and minimally invasive radical trachelectomy. However, recurrence rates in each group were low. Ongoing prospective studies of conservative management of early-stage cervical cancer may help guide future management.
- MeSH
- Adenocarcinoma mortality surgery MeSH
- Carcinoma, Adenosquamous mortality surgery MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms mortality surgery MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell mortality surgery MeSH
- Trachelectomy MeSH
- Fertility Preservation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Geographicals
- Brazil MeSH
CONTEXT: Intermediate-risk (IR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease. OBJECTIVE: To update the International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) guidance and provide practical recommendations on IR NMIBC management. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A collaborative review of published randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and clinical practice guidance on IR NMIBC published before January 2022 was undertaken using PubMed/Medline. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Variation exists between guidelines in defining IR NMIBC. The IBCG recommends defining IR NMIBC as any TaLG tumor that is either recurrent or multifocal or has size ≥3 cm, OR any T1LG tumor. If the 3 tier grading system is used, than any TaG2 tumor would also be considered IR diease regardless of whether new diagnosis or recurrent. Accurate grading and staging of tumor, particularly in ruling out HG/G3 disease and/or carcinoma in situ, are crucial. The IBCG recommends that management of IR NMIBC should be further based on the following risk factors: multifocal tumor (more than one), early recurrence (<1 yr), frequent recurrence (>1/yr), tumor size (≥3 cm), and failure of prior intravesical treatment. Patients with no risk factors are best managed by one dose of postoperative intravesical chemotherapy. Patients with one to two risk factors should be offered additional adjuvant induction intravesical chemotherapy (or bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) if prior chemotherapy has been used). Patients with three or more risk factors should be offered induction plus 1-yr maintenance BCG. Where BCG is not available or recurrent disease following BCG is present, alternative intravesical treatments such as chemotherapy (single agent, combination, or chemohyperthermia) or a clinical trial are recommended. CONCLUSIONS: Standardizing the definition of IR NMIBC is critical for appropriate management of patients and for allowing a comparison of outcomes across clinical trials. The IBCG recommends defining IR NMIBC as any TaLG tumor that is either recurrent or multifocal or ≥3 cm, OR any T1LG tumor. If the 3 tier grading system is used, than any TaG2 tumor would also be considered IR disease regardless of whether new diagnosis or recurrent. Adjunctive management should then be based on established risk factors. PATIENT SUMMARY: Standardizing the definition of intermediate-risk (IR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which is a heterogeneous disease, is critical for appropriate management of patients. The International Bladder Cancer Group recommends classification of IR NMIBC tumors and personalized management based on the following risk factors: multifocal tumor (more than one), early recurrence (<1 yr), frequent recurrence (>1/yr), tumor size (≥3 cm), and previous intravesical treatment.
A unique collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on cutaneous melanoma diagnosis and treatment, based on the systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. Cutaneous melanomas are excised with one to 2-cm safety margins. Sentinel lymph node dissection shall be performed as a staging procedure in patients with tumor thickness ≥1.0 mm or ≥0.8 mm with additional histological risk factors, although there is as yet no clear survival benefit for this approach. Therapeutic decisions in stage III/IV patients should be primarily made by an interdisciplinary oncology team ("tumor board"). Adjuvant therapies can be proposed in stage III/completely resected stage IV patients and are primarily anti-PD-1, independent of mutational status, or alternatively dabrafenib plus trametinib for BRAF mutant patients. In distant metastases (stage IV), either resected or not, systemic treatment is always indicated. For first-line treatment particularly in BRAF wild-type patients, immunotherapy with PD-1 antibodies alone or in combination with CTLA-4 antibodies shall be considered. In stage IV melanoma with a BRAF-V600 E/K mutation, first-line therapy with BRAF/MEK inhibitors can be offered as an alternative to immunotherapy. In patients with primary resistance to immunotherapy and harboring a BRAF-V600 E/K mutation, this therapy shall be offered as second-line therapy. Systemic therapy in stage III/IV melanoma is a rapidly changing landscape, and it is likely that these recommendations may change in the near future.
- MeSH
- Consensus MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Melanoma * pathology MeSH
- Mutation MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms * genetics MeSH
- Oximes MeSH
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols MeSH
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Systematic Reviews as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Practice Guideline MeSH
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is potentially the most dangerous form of skin tumor and causes 90% of skin cancer mortality. A unique collaboration of multi-disciplinary experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on CM diagnosis and treatment, based on systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. The diagnosis of melanoma can be made clinically and shall always be confirmed with dermatoscopy. If a melanoma is suspected, a histopathological examination is always required. Sequential digital dermatoscopy and full body photography can be used in high-risk patients to improve the detection of early melanoma. Where available, confocal reflectance microscopy can also improve clinical diagnosis in special cases. Melanoma shall be classified according to the 8th version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification. Thin melanomas up to 0.8 mm tumor thickness do not require further imaging diagnostics. From stage IB onwards, examinations with lymph node sonography are recommended, but no further imaging examinations. From stage IIC onwards whole-body examinations with computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT) in combination with brain magnetic resonance imaging are recommended. From stage III and higher, mutation testing is recommended, particularly for BRAF V600 mutation. It is important to provide a structured follow-up to detect relapses and secondary primary melanomas as early as possible. There is no evidence to define the frequency and extent of examinations. A stage-based follow-up scheme is proposed which, according to the experience of the guideline group, covers the optimal requirements, but further studies may be considered. This guideline is valid until the end of 2024.
- MeSH
- Consensus MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology MeSH
- Melanoma * diagnosis pathology therapy MeSH
- Skin Neoplasms * diagnosis pathology therapy MeSH
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography MeSH
- Neoplasm Staging MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
BACKGROUND: The European Association of Urology risk stratification dichotomizes patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) into two risk categories. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of a new classification to better risk stratify patients eligible for kidney-sparing surgery (KSS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective study including 1214 patients from 21 centers who underwent ureterorenoscopy (URS) with biopsy followed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for nonmetastatic UTUC between 2000 and 2017. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified predictors of muscle invasion (≥pT2) at RNU. The Youden index was used to identify cutoff points. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 811 patients (67%) were male and the median age was 71 yr (interquartile range 63-77). The presence of non-organ-confined disease on preoperative imaging (p < 0.0001), sessile tumor (p < 0.0001), hydronephrosis (p = 0.0003), high-grade cytology (p = 0.0043), or biopsy (p = 0.0174) and higher age at diagnosis (p = 0.029) were independently associated with ≥pT2 at RNU. Tumor size was significantly associated with ≥pT2 disease only in univariate analysis with a cutoff of 2 cm. Tumor size and all significant categorical variables defined the high-risk category. Tumor multifocality and a history of radical cystectomy help to dichotomize between low-risk and intermediate-risk categories. The odds ratio for muscle invasion were 5.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-24.0; p = 0.023) for intermediate risk versus low risk, and 12.7 (95% CI 3.0-54.5; p = 0.0006) for high risk versus low risk. Limitations include the retrospective design and selection bias (all patients underwent RNU). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with low-risk UTUC represent ideal candidates for KSS, while some patients with intermediate-risk UTUC may also be considered. This classification needs further prospective validation and may help stratification in clinical trial design. PATIENT SUMMARY: We investigated factors predicting stage 2 or greater cancer of the upper urinary tract at the time of surgery for ureter and kidney removal and designed a new risk stratification. Patients with low or intermediate risk may be eligible for kidney-sparing surgery with close follow-up. Our classification scheme needs further validation based on cancer outcomes.
- MeSH
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell * pathology MeSH
- Kidney pathology surgery MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms * pathology MeSH
- Ureteral Neoplasms * pathology surgery MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Úvod: Cytomegalovirová (CMV) nemoc gastrointestinálního traktu (GIT) je raritní u imunokompetentních osob, ale časté a závažně onemocnění u pacientů po transplantaci orgánu, kostní dřeně a u pacientů s AIDS s poklesem CD4 lymfocytů < 100/mm3. Nejčastěji bývá postiženo tlusté střevo a onemocnění může být komplikováno těžkou enteroragií. V léčbě CMV nemoci s postižením GIT se uplatňuje protivirová léčba a v případě krvácení endoskopické metody nebo metody intervenční radiologie. Popis případu: Prezentujeme případ 74leté pacientky 3 roky po transplantaci ledviny pro vaskulární nefrosklerózu, na imunosupresivní terapii belataceptem, mykofenolát mofetilem a prednisonem. Pro náhle vzniklou dušnost byla pacientka hospitalizována ve spádovém zdravotnickém zařízení, během pobytu v nemocnici se u ní rozvinula enteroragie. Zdroj krvácení v terminálním ileu se nepodařilo endoskopicky ošetřit. Pacientka byla referována na Kliniku hepatogastroenterologie IKEM, kde byl nalezen 15cm úsek vícečetných ulcerací v oblasti terminálního ilea. Histologické vyšetření prokázalo těžkou CMV enteritidu. CMV DNA v krvi vyšetřená metodou PCR (polymerase chain reaction) byla > 10 000 000 U/ml. Pacientka byla léčena ganciklovirem a pro endoskopicky neošetřitelné krvácení podstoupila selektivní embolizaci a. mesenterica superior s dobrým klinickým efektem. Závěr: CMV enteritida je onemocnění spojené s vysokou mortalitou pacientů. Riziko vzniku CMV nemoci je závislé na typu a výši imunosuprese. Léčba krvácení do GIT při CMV nemoci vyžaduje multidisciplinární spolupráci gastroenterologa-endoskopisty a intervenčního radiologa.
Introduction: Cytomegalovirus disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract is a rare but severe disease presenting particularly in people under immunosuppression, solid organ transplant recipients and AIDS patients with CD4 count under 100/mm3. When colon or small intestine are affected, the disease may be complicated by severe bleeding. CMV therapy includes antivirals and, in case of bleeding, methods of therapeutic endoscopy or interventional radiology. Case description: We present a case of a 74-year-old woman 3 years after kidney transplantation owing to vascular nephrosclerosis, treated with belatacept, mycophenolate mophetile and prednisone. She was admitted to hospital for acute dyspnoea. During hospitalisation, she presented with intestinal bleeding, but the endoscopic intervention at the first colonoscopy was not successful. She was referred to the Department of Hepatogastroenterology of the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and subsequent colonoscopy revealed a 15 cm long part of ileum with ulcerations as the source of bleeding. The histological assessment described a severe CMV enteritis. The CMV DNA blood level established by PCR was higher than 10 000 000 U/ml. The patient was treated with intravenous ganciclovir and she underwent selective embolization of the inferior mesenteric artery with an excellent clinical effect. Conclusions: CMV enteritis may be associated with a high mortality. The approach to therapy is multidisciplinary and needs collaboration of gastroenterologist, endoscopist and interventional radiologist.
- MeSH
- Cytomegalovirus Infections * complications MeSH
- Enterocolitis complications MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage * diagnosis etiology therapy MeSH
- Immunosuppression Therapy adverse effects MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Kidney Transplantation MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
