• MeSH
• postura těla MeSH
• Publikační typ
• abstrakty MeSH
• kongresy MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• zprávy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• fyziologie

PURPOSE: In Special Olympics, athletes' foot deformities, abnormal postural patterns and overweight and obesity were observed to be more common than in the general population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between body composition and foot posture index. Additionally, the effect of gender and other factors on the body composition and foot posture index in athletes with intellectual disability (ID) were analyzed. METHODS: 131 athletes with ID participated in this study: 36 table tennis players, 66 cross country skiers and 29 downhill skiers. Their body composition was assessed using the bioimpedance analysis InBody 230 (Biospace, Korea). The foot screening included the assessment of foot posture index, which evaluates the degree of pronated, supinated and neutral position of the foot, gait speed and the last part of the procedure consisted of a short questionnaire, providing the information about the type of housing, age, and the usage of orthotics. RESULTS: A low correlation between body composition and some of the foot posture index criteria was observed. The mean foot posture index score in athletes with ID was observed to be slightly pronated, as also described in the general population, with no statistically significant difference between female and male athletes. The gender differences were observed only in body composition. CONCLUSIONS: The high body weight and body fat percentage observed in this study highlight the need for healthy lifestyle education in athletes with ID.

• MeSH
• bydlení MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mentální retardace MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) fyziologie   MeSH
• postižení * MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• složení těla fyziologie   MeSH
• sportovci * MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The unique foot morphology and distinctive functions facilitate complex tasks and strategies such as standing, walking, and running. In those weight-bearing activities, postural stability (PS) plays an important role. Correlations among foot type, PS, and other musculoskeletal problems that increase sport injury risk are known. However, long-term associations among the foot type, the PS, and body weight (BW) distribution are lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to longitudinally identify changes in foot morphology, PS, and symmetry in BW distribution during adolescence among elite male soccer players. METHODS: Thirty-five Czech elite male soccer players (age, 15.49 ± 0.61 years; BW, 64.11 ± 6.16 kg; body height, 174.62 ± 5.71 cm) underwent foot type, PS, and BW distribution measurements during 3 consecutive years (T1, T2, T3). The Chippaux-Smirak index (CSI), BW distribution, and centre of pressure (COP) displacement (total traveled way [TTW]) of each player for the preferred (PL) and non-preferred leg (NL) were acquired. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA), Bonferroni´s post hoc tests, and partial eta-squared (ηp2) coefficient were used for investigating the effect of time on selected variables and effect size evaluation. RESULTS: Statistically significant effect of time on CSI values (PL: F2,68 = 5.08, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.13 and NL: F2,68 = 10.87, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.24) and COP displacement values (PL: F2,68 = 5.07, p <0.01, ηp2 = 0.13; NL: F2,68 = 3.53, p <0.05, ηp2 = 0.09) for both legs over 3-years period was identified. Furthermore, the Bonferroni´s post hoc analysis revealed a significant improvement of PS values in the PL (TTWT1 = 1617.11 ± 520.22 mm vs. TTWT2 = 1405.29 ± 462.76, p < 0.05; and between TTWT1 = 1617.11 ± 520.22 mm vs. TTWT3 = 1370.46 ± 373.94, p < 0.05). Only BW distribution parameter showed no significant differences, although slightly improved over time. CONCLUSIONS: We observed changes in foot typology, PS, and BW distribution in young elite male soccer players during 3 consecutive years. Results demonstrated that changes in PS and body weight distribution under the high-load sport conditions during adolescence may improve with aging, except for foot morphology. Therefore, foot morphology should be carefully monitored to minimize sport injury risk in professional young soccer players during adolescence. Further research is necessary to determine more clear associations between these parameters, soccer-related injuries, and sport performances.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• fotbal zranění   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) anatomie a histologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• plochá noha patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• posturální rovnováha fyziologie   MeSH
• somatotypy fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is recognized as a leading cause of significant long-term complications, including inaccurate gait patterns, persistent pain, and early regressive joint disorder, and it can influence families functionally, socially, and psychologically. METHODS: This study aimed to determine foot posture and gait analysis across patients with developmental hip dysplasia. We retrospectively reviewed participants referred to the pediatric rehabilitation department of KASCH from the orthopedic clinic between 2016 and 2022 (patients born 2016-2022) with DDH for conservative brace treatment. RESULTS: The foot postural index for the right foot showed a mean of 5.89 (n = 203, SD 4.15) and the left food showed a mean of 5.94 (n = 203, SD 4.19). The gait analysis mean was 6.44 (n = 406, SD 3.84). The right lower limb mean was 6.41 (n = 203, SD 3.78), and the left lower limb mean was 6.47 (n = 203, SD 3.91). The correlation for general gait analysis was r = 0.93, presenting the very high impact of DDH on gait. Significant correlation results were found between the right (r = 0.97) and left (r = 0.25) lower limbs. Variation between the right and left lower limb p-values was 0.88 (p < 0.05). DDH affects the left lower limb more than the right during gait. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is a higher risk of developing foot pronation on the left side, which is altered by DDH. Gait analysis has shown that DDH affects the right lower limb more than the left. The results of the gait analysis showed gait deviation in the sagittal mid- and late stance phases.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The study is aimed to examine balance control of slightly obese young adults during quiet stance and during gait initiation with and without crossing an obstacle. Forty-four young subjects were divided in two groups: control (BMI<25 kg/m(2)) and slightly obese (BMI from 25 to 35 kg/m(2)). Center of foot pressure (CoP) and kinematics of fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) were evaluated using a force plate and a motion capture system. During quiet stance with eyes open slightly obese group showed increased mean amplitude and velocity of CoP in anterior-posterior direction compared to normal weight subjects. During unloading phase of gait initiation significantly greater and faster lateral CoP shift was observed in slightly obese group compared to normal weight peers. Presence of an obstacle increased amplitude and velocity of the lateral CoP shift similarly in both groups. No BMI-related differences were found on L5 segment during gait initiation, which may indicate that postural control was already successfully performed in feet (CoP). We have shown that increased CoP parameters values and thus increased postural instability during quiet stance and during unloading phase of gait initiation is present not only in morbidly obese, but already in slightly obese subjects.

• MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita patofyziologie   MeSH
• odpočinek fyziologie   MeSH
• posturální rovnováha fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Úvod: Pro období těhotenství jsou typickými projevy funkčních a strukturálních změn v pohybovém systému těhotných žen pokles nožní klenby a bolesti zad. Cíl studie: Cílem studie bylo ověřit, zda je možno prostřednictvím fyzioterapeutických postupů zmírnit bolesti zad v těhotenství a změnit těhotenstvím ovlivněné rozložení zatížení plosky a klenbu nohy směrem k fyziologii. Typ studie: Paralelní intervenční studie. Název a sídlo pracoviště: Ústav porodní asistence, Fakulta zdravotnických věd, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci. Metodika: Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 12 zdravých těhotných žen, které byly randomizovaně rozděleny do experimentální a kontrolní skupiny. Těhotné v experimentální skupině cvičily pravidelně denně cviky pro ovlivnění nožní klenby. Pro získání dat o bolesti a jejím vlivu na kvalitu života byl využit Dotazník McGillovy univerzity a Pregnancy Mobility Index. Pro zjištění změn v postavení plosky a jejím zatížení byl použit Foot Posture Index, Navicular Drop test, Chippaux-Šmirák index a vyšetření na podoskopu. Vyšetření proběhlo na přelomu prvního a druhého trimestru a ve třetím trimestru těhotenství. Výsledky: Statisticky významné změny mezi vstupními a výstupními hodnotami byly zjištěny pouze u kontrolní skupiny těhotných žen. V dotazníku bolesti se mezi měřením v prvním a třetím trimestru významně zvýšila hodnota z vizuální analogové škály (p = 0,04). Také hodnota Pregnancy Mobility Indexu z dotazníku interference bolesti s denními aktivitami se v tomto období významně zvýšila (p = 0,03), což poukazuje na snížení kvality života. Změny v postavení nohy hodnocené Foot Posture indexem se významně zvýšily na pravé (p = 0,04) i levé dolní končetině (p = 0,04). Chippaux-Šmirák index, který hodnotí a klasifikuje výšku nožní klenby, se ve srovnání mezi prvním a třetím trimestrem významně zvýšil na pravé dolní končetině (p = 0,03). U probandek experimentálního souboru nedošlo při porovnání hod-not v prvním a třetím trimestru k statisticky významné změně v žádném ze zkoumaných parametrů. Závěr: Vlivem intervence došlo k eliminaci nebo mírnějšímu progresu poruch funkce v oblasti nohy a zad. Použitou intervenci lze doporučit v rámci primární nebo sekundární prevence.

Objective: Pregnant women are at elevated risk for functional and structural changes in the movement system. Common problems are loss of foot arch height and low back pain which can have strong influence on the decrease in quality of life. Aims: The aim of the study was to assess effect of physiotherapy intervention for preventing and treating changes in foot structure as well as low back pain during pregnancy. Design: Parallel intervention study. Setting: Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc. Methods: Twelve healthy pregnant women were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. The women in the experimental group performed daily exercises aimed at the foot arch. The McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Pregnancy Mobility Index were used to measure level of pain and its impact on quality of life. The Foot Posture Index, Navicular Drop test, Chippaux-Šmirák index, and a podoscope were used to evaluate load and anthropometry of the foot. The data were collected at the turn of the first and second trimester and in the third trimester of pregnancy. Results: Statistically significant differences between the baseline and post-intervention were found only in the control group. Pain score obtained from the visual analogue scale as well as the Pregnancy Mobility Index score increased significantly (p = 0.04, p = 0.03 resp.). The Foot Posture Index results increased significantly on both the right (p = 0.04) and left (p = 0.04) lower limb. Chippaux-Šmirák index significantly increased on the right lower limb (p = 0.03). Conclusions: The intervention prevented or reduced the changes in the foot structure and low back pain. This intervention can be recommended in primary or secondary prevention to increase quality of life in pregnant women.

• Klíčová slova
• postavení nohy, Foot Posture Index, Navicular Drop test, Chippauxův-Šmirákův index, Pregnancy Mobility Index,
• MeSH
• bolest etiologie   MeSH
• bolesti zad * etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kineziologie aplikovaná metody   MeSH
• komplikace těhotenství * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postura těla MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

BACKGROUND: Regular evaluation of foot posture should be performed to determine whether foot-level interventions are necessary because changes in foot posture may contribute to lower-limb overuse injuries. This pilot study aims to test the level of pronation in judokas. METHODS: A total of 61 judokas from Slovakia and the Czech Republic participated in the study, including 36 members of the youth team. Based on sex, the sample was composed of 42 males and 19 females with a mean ± SD age of 16.82 ± 2.41 years. Pronation was measured by the navicular drop test on the foot. RESULTS: According to the data, the mean ± SD pronation in males was 0.86 ± 0.34 cm on the right foot and 0.89 ± 0.34 cm on the left foot. The mean ± SD navicular drop measurement for the right foot was 0.874 ± 0.20 cm and 0.878 ± 0.23 for the left foot. No correlation between pronation and age (r = 0.29), height (r = 0.04), body mass index (r = 0.02), or years of judo training (r = 0.22) was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study of judoka pronation values is the first of its kind, providing novel insights into the biomechanics of judo athletes. The findings indicate that sex and age do not significantly influence pronation, suggesting that training and technique may play a more critical role in movement patterns.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• bojové sporty * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• noha (od hlezna dolů) * fyziologie   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• pronace * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Disorders of posture, gait, and balance in Parkinson's disease (PD) are common and debilitating. This MDS-commissioned task force assessed clinimetric properties of existing rating scales, questionnaires, and timed tests that assess these features in PD. METHODS: A literature review was conducted. Identified instruments were evaluated systematically and classified as "recommended," "suggested," or "listed." Inclusion of rating scales was restricted to those that could be used readily in clinical research and practice. RESULTS: One rating scale was classified as "recommended" (UPDRS-derived Postural Instability and Gait Difficulty score) and 2 as "suggested" (Tinetti Balance Scale, Rating Scale for Gait Evaluation). Three scales requiring equipment (Berg Balance Scale, Mini-BESTest, Dynamic Gait Index) also fulfilled criteria for "recommended" and 2 for "suggested" (FOG score, Gait and Balance Scale). Four questionnaires were "recommended" (Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Survey of Activities, and Fear of Falling in the Elderly-Modified). Four tests were classified as "recommended" (6-minute and 10-m walk tests, Timed Up-and-Go, Functional Reach). CONCLUSION: We identified several questionnaires that adequately assess freezing of gait and balance confidence in PD and a number of useful clinical tests. However, most clinical rating scales for gait, balance, and posture perform suboptimally or have been evaluated insufficiently. No instrument comprehensively and separately evaluates all relevant PD-specific gait characteristics with good clinimetric properties, and none provides separate balance and gait scores with adequate content validity for PD. We therefore recommend the development of such a PD-specific, easily administered, comprehensive gait and balance scale that separately assesses all relevant constructs. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

• MeSH
• diagnostické techniky a postupy normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurologické poruchy chůze diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• posturální rovnováha * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

Článek je věnován vztahu obrazu klenby nohy a funkce hlubokého stabilizačního systému trupu u dívek závodní složky sportovního aerobiku. Z kineziologických rozborů a podologického vyšetření jsou patrné společné znaky: obraz vysokých chodidel na podoskopu, nedostatečná aktivace hlubokého stabilizačního systému trupu a od závodnic často uváděná bolest kolen. Byla zjištěna vysoká závislost mezi indexem nohy a testem flexe v kyčli (Pearson r = - 0,53 vpravo, Pearson r = - 0,73).

The article deals with the relationship between the state of the foot arch and the function of deep stabilization system of trunk at girls who do sports aerobics. There was a common sign during kinesiology and podology examination: high feet image on a podoscope, insufficient activation of deep stabilization system of trunk and a knee pain mentioned at these girls. There was a high correlation between the foot index and the test flexion in a hip (Pearson r = - 0.53, right, Pearson r = - 0.73).

• Klíčová slova
• hluboký stabilizační systém trupu,
• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• deformity nohy (od hlezna dolů) * patofyziologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kineziologie aplikovaná MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• podiatrie přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• postura těla * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cílem studie bylo zjistit, zda výskyt břišní diastázy může ovlivnit postavení dolních končetin a zatížení chodidla při chůzi u dětí mladšího školního věku. Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 16 dětí mladšího školního věku, které byly podle rozestupu břišních svalů zařazeny do dvou skupin: s břišní diastázou (věk 8,0 ± 0,8 let; výška 134,6 ± 5,2 cm; hmotnost 35,8 ± 8,2 kg; rozestup břišních svalů 2,5 ± 0,8 cm) a bez břišní diastázy (věk 7,9 ± 0,6 let; výška 130,3 ± 5,5 cm; hmotnost 29,0 ± 5,0 kg; rozestup břišních svalů 0,9 ± 0,5 cm). K objektivizaci dat byl využit goniometr, posuvné měřidlo Nylon Dial Cliper, dynamický chodník h/p/cosmos® Rehawalk® zebrisTM a kamera NINOXTM125. Měřenými parametry byly hodnoty statické valgozity paty, rozestup břišních svalů, kinematické a dynamické parametry chůze. Bylo zjištěno, že velikost břišní diastázy se zvětšuje s rostoucí hodnotou BMI. S rostoucí hodnotou rozestupu břišních svalů se zvyšuje velikost statické valgozity paty a velikost valgozity kolenního kloubu v mezistoji stojné fáze chůze. Dále bylo naměřeno významně nižší zatížení přednoží a delší kontakt zánoží s podložkou u dětí s břišní diastázou v porovnání s dětmi bez břišní diastázy. Výsledky mohou být užitečné pro záchyt a zamezení postupu patologických změn při vývoji pohybového aparátu dětí jak v pediatrické, tak fyzioterapeutické praxi.

The aim of the study was to determine whether the occurrence of diastasis recti abdominis can affect the position of the lower limbs and the load on the foot when walking in children of younger school age. The research group consisted of 16 children of younger school age who were classified into two groups according to the spacing of the abdominal muscles: with abdominal diastasis (age 8,0 ± 0,8 years; height 134,6 ± 5,2 cm; weight 35,8 ± 8,2 kg; abdominal muscle spacing 2,5 ± 0,8 cm) and without abdominal diastasis (age 7,9 ± 0,6 years; height 130,3 ± 5,5 cm; weight 29,0 ± 5,0 kg; abdominal muscle spacing 0,9 ± 0,5 cm). A goniometer, a Nylon Dial Cliper sliding gauge, a h/p/cosmos® Rehawalk® dynamic walkway with zebrisTM software, and two NINOXTM125 cameras were used to objective the data. The measured parameters were values of static heel valgus, abdominal muscle spacing, kinematic and dynamic gait parameters. The size of the abdominal diastasis was found to increase with increasing BMI. With increasing values of the spacing of the abdominal muscles, the size of the static valgus of the heel increases and the size of the valgus of the knee joint increases in the midstance of the gait cycle. Furthermore, a significantly lower load on the forefoot and a longer contact of the rearfoot with the ground were measured in children with diastasis recti abdominis compared to children without diastasis. The results can be useful for detecting and preventing the progression of pathological changes in the development of the children ́s musculoskeletal system in both pediatric and physiotherapy practice.

• Klíčová slova
• valgozita paty,
• MeSH
• analýza chůze metody   MeSH
• břišní svaly patologie   MeSH
• diastáza svalů * komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dolní končetina patologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postura těla MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH