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Ciba Foundation symposium ; 188
IX, 291 s. : obr., tab., grafy ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- biologický transport MeSH
- iontová výměna MeSH
- vápník metabolismus MeSH
- vápníkové kanály MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NLK Obory
- biochemie
- fyziologie
- farmacie a farmakologie
Laboratory techniques in biochemistry and molecular biology ; Vol. 20
[1st ed.] XV, 397 s. : obr., tab., grafy ; 20 cm
- Klíčová slova
- Biochemie, Laboratorní technika,
- MeSH
- biochemie MeSH
- elektroforéza metody MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- laboratorní příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NLK Obory
- biochemie
- MeSH
- izotopové značení MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- molybden krev sekrece MeSH
- žluč MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro MeSH
- chromatin MeSH
- DNA MeSH
- floxuridin MeSH
- HeLa buňky účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- ionizující záření MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Wild barley is abundant, occupying large diversity of sites, ranging from the northern mesic Mediterranean meadows to the southern xeric deserts in Israel. This is also reflected in its wide phenotypic heterogeneity. We investigated the dynamics of DNA content changes in seed tissues in ten wild barley accessions that originated from an environmental gradient in Israel. The flow cytometric measurements were done from the time shortly after pollination up to the dry seeds. We show variation in mitotic cell cycle and endoreduplication dynamics in both diploid seed tissues (represented by seed maternal tissues and embryo) and in the triploid endosperm. We found that wild barley accessions collected at harsher xeric environmental conditions produce higher proportion of endoreduplicated nuclei in endosperm tissues. Also, a comparison of wild and cultivated barley strains revealed a higher endopolyploidy level in the endosperm of wild barley, that is accompanied by temporal changes in the timing of the major developmental phases. In summary, we present a new direction of research focusing on connecting spatiotemporal patterns of endoreduplication in barley seeds and possibly buffering for stress conditions.
- MeSH
- DNA rostlinná genetika MeSH
- endosperm genetika MeSH
- genetická variace genetika MeSH
- ječmen (rod) genetika MeSH
- polyploidie MeSH
- populační genetika metody MeSH
- semena rostlinná genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Izrael MeSH
To understand how the gut microbiome is impacted by human adaptation to varying environments, we explored gut bacterial communities in the BaAka rainforest hunter-gatherers and their agriculturalist Bantu neighbors in the Central African Republic. Although the microbiome of both groups is compositionally similar, hunter-gatherers harbor increased abundance of Prevotellaceae, Treponema, and Clostridiaceae, while the Bantu gut microbiome is dominated by Firmicutes. Comparisons with US Americans reveal microbiome differences between Africans and westerners but show western-like features in the Bantu, including an increased abundance of predictive carbohydrate and xenobiotic metabolic pathways. In contrast, the hunter-gatherer gut shows increased abundance of predicted virulence, amino acid, and vitamin metabolism functions, as well as dominance of lipid and amino-acid-derived metabolites, as determined through metabolomics. Our results demonstrate gradients of traditional subsistence patterns in two neighboring African groups and highlight the adaptability of the microbiome in response to host ecology.
- MeSH
- Bacteroidetes genetika MeSH
- bakteriální geny MeSH
- bakteriální RNA genetika MeSH
- černoši MeSH
- Firmicutes genetika MeSH
- genové regulační sítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární typizace MeSH
- paleolitická dieta MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza RNA MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra genetika MeSH
- západní dieta MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
- Středoafrická republika MeSH
Brood parasites lay their eggs in other females' nests, leaving the host parents to hatch and rear their young. Studying how brood parasites manipulate hosts into raising their young and how hosts detect parasitism provide important insights in the field of coevolutionary biology. Brood parasites, such as cuckoos and cowbirds, gain an evolutionary advantage because they do not have to pay the costs of rearing their own young. However, these costs select for host defenses against all developmental stages of parasites, including eggs, their young, and adults. Egg rejection experiments are the most common method used to study host defenses. During these experiments, a researcher places an experimental egg in a host nest and monitors how hosts respond. Color is often manipulated, and the expectation is that the likelihood of egg discrimination and the degree of dissimilarity between the host and experimental egg are positively related. This paper serves as a guide for conducting egg rejection experiments from describing methods for creating consistent egg colors to analyzing the findings of such experiments. Special attention is given to a new method involving uniquely colored eggs along color gradients that has the potential to explore color biases in host recognition. Without standardization, it is not possible to compare findings between studies in a meaningful way; a standard protocol within this field will allow for increasingly accurate and comparable results for further experiments.
- MeSH
- biologická evoluce MeSH
- hnízdění * MeSH
- ovum růst a vývoj MeSH
- ptáci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- audiovizuální média MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: A variable proportion of non-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) warrants the search for new approaches to optimize the position of the left ventricular (LV) lead and the CRT device programming. CineECG is a novel ECG modality proposed for the spatial visualization and quantification of myocardial depolarization and repolarization sequences. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate CineECG-derived parameters in different pacing modes and to test their associations with acute hemodynamic responses in CRT patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: CineECG was used to construct the average electrical path within the cardiac anatomy from the 12-lead ECG. CineECG and LV dP/dt max were tested in 15 patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and left bundle branch block (QRS: 170 ± 17 ms; LVEF: 26 ± 5.5%) under pacing protocols with different LV lead localizations. The CineECG-derived path directions were computed for the QRS and ST-T intervals for the anteroposterior (Xh), interventricular (Yh), and apicobasal (Zh) axes. In a multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustment for the pacing protocol type, the ST-T path direction Yh was independently associated with the increase in dP/dt max during CRT, [regression coefficient 639.4 (95% confidence interval: 187.9-1090.9), p = 0.006]. In ROC curve analysis, the ST-T path direction Yh was associated with the achievement of a 10% increase in dP/dt max (AUC: 0.779, p = 0.002) with the optimal cut-off > 0.084 (left-to-right direction) with sensitivity 0.67 and specificity 0.92. CONCLUSION: The acute hemodynamic response in CRT patients was associated with specific CineECG repolarization sequence parameters, warranting their further testing as potential predictors of clinical outcomes.
- MeSH
- akční potenciály MeSH
- blokáda Tawarova raménka * patofyziologie terapie diagnóza MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- dilatační kardiomyopatie patofyziologie terapie diagnóza MeSH
- elektrokardiografie * MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční * MeSH
- hemodynamika * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů * MeSH
- prostředky srdeční resynchronizační terapie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční frekvence MeSH
- srdeční resynchronizační terapie * MeSH
- srdeční selhání patofyziologie terapie diagnóza MeSH
- tepový objem MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH