Hand grip strength is one of the most important markers in muscle strength assessment for many reasons. However, its maximal value in kilograms is highly dependent on body size, which may misrepresent results, especially among children. Therefore, correction by body mass index (BMI) can be used as a suitable approach for its objectification. The aims of this study were to create reference values for the grip to BMI ratio and for hand grip strength for children in the Czech Republic. 554 children of both genders, aged from 4 to 14 years, were included in the current study. Reference values were approximated by Tukey’s Hinges percentiles calculation method. The percentile charts were created using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Physical Examination methods MeSH
- Body Mass Index MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Hand Strength * physiology MeSH
- Muscle Strength physiology MeSH
- Body Weight MeSH
- Body Height MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
In athletes who compete in artistic gymnastics, the requirements of the discipline result in a specific body build type. Among other characteristics they must have strong upper limbs. This article focuses on hand grip strength, a characteristic considered to be a suitable indicator of overall body strength. The parameters measured also included body height and weight, and forearm circumference. The study sample consisted of 42 youth female artistic gymnasts and a control group consisting of 68 students of the same age categories. The data analysed included information on 40 athletes and 52 students. Differences in hand grip strength were observed between the athletes and the control group in the first and second age categories, and differences in body height were observed only in the third age category. At younger ages, gymnasts did not differ from the control group in terms of body height, but higher upper limb strength was observed.
Tělesný habitus sportovních gymnastek je dán náročností tohoto sportu. Sportovní gymnastky musí krom dalších charakteristik disponovat i silou v horních končetinách. V rámci naší práce jsme se soustředili na sílu stisku ruky, který je vhodným ukazatelem celkového stavu silových schopností svalstva. Tento ukazatel byl doplněn o měření tělesné výšky, hmotnosti a obvodů předloktí. V rámci výzkumu byly celkem změřeny tyto charakteristiky u 42 sportovních gymnastek, které byly porovnány dle věkového rozdělení s hodnotami 68 studentek. Vyhodnocení proběhlo u 40 gymnastek a 52 studentek. Rozdíl v síle stisku ruky gymnastek a kontrolní skupiny byl nalezen v případě první a druhé věkové kategorie. Rozdíl v tělesné výšce byl nalezen pouze ve třetí věkové kategorii. Bylo též zjištěno, že se tělesnou výškou v nižším věku sportovní gymnastky neodlišují, ale byla u nich pozorována zvýšená svalová síla horních končetin.
It is possible that during resistance training, a weak link in the kinetic chain could possibly result in under-stimulated prime movers. Since grip strength can be a limiting factor during multiple sets of various pulling exercises such as deadlifts, it is important to determine how lifting straps can affect mechanical performance, grip strength, perceived exertion and perceived grip security and power. Sixteen males (24.4 ± 2.3 y; 181.6 ± 5.8 cm; 86.6 ± 8.2 kg) completed three protocols: 4 sets of 4 repetitions without straps using 80% of their without-straps 1-repetition max (DLnn); the same protocol with straps based on their without-straps 1-repetition max (DLwn); and the same with straps based on their with-straps 1-repetitions max (DLww). DLwn allowed for greater mean velocity (MV) and peak velocity (PV) than DLnn and DLww, while MV and PV were greater during DLnn than DLww. The magnitude of grip fatigue was lower during DLwn and DLww than DLn. Perceived grip security and power were greater during DLwn and DLww compared to DLn. Perceived exertion was lower during DLwn than DLnn and DLww. These findings suggest that the use of lifting straps during deadlifts allows for a better maintenance of grip strength, faster grip strength recovery following training, and greater perceived grip security and power than deadlifts performed without lifting straps, while also increasing mechanical performance and decreasing the perceived exertion. Therefore, the ergogenic potential of the lifting straps has important training implications and should be considered during RT involving the deadlift exercise and possibly other pulling exercises.
- MeSH
- Performance-Enhancing Substances * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Resistance Training * MeSH
- Hand Strength MeSH
- Physical Exertion MeSH
- Weight Lifting MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
The term laterality indicates the one-sided preference or functional advantage of the stronger, more accurate and coordinated limbs or organs and the brain hemisphere of a human body. In the prefe-rence process, more accurate, precise, coordinated and stronger side is chosen from the perspective of motoric functions. Among the general population is about 10–13% of left-handers and in certain sport fields this percentage may be higher (baseball, tennis, box etc.). The left-handed dominance in tennis is considered an advantage. Due to unilateral load, there may be an excessive side-effect in strength differences in tennis and overloading of specific muscle group could lead to an injury. The aim of the research was to identify the levels of somatic and strength characteristics and assess the lateral diffe-rence in maximal grip strength of Czech elite male tennis players. The sample consisted of male tennis players, ranging in age from 11 to 12.9 years (n = 186) who participated in the regular tests for Czech Tennis Association in years 2000–2018. Base anthropometrics were measured (height, weight) and ma-ximal grip strength of both hands using the hand-held dynamometry (Grip D). Data came from normal distribution (statistically proven – chi-square test). The basic statistical characteristics were calculated (body height, M = 155.08 ± 7.98 cm; body weight, M = 43.45 ± 7.13 kg; strength of right hand: M = 24.88 ± 4.67 kp; strength of left hand: M = 21.70 ± 4.74 kp). It was found that 87.6% of the players (n = 163) were right-handed and the remaining 12.4% left-handed (n = 23). The assessment of the significance (Cohen’s d) between the dominant (playing) hand for the right-handed and left-handed players showed small effect size (dominant hand right: MRHR = 25.11 ± 4.41 kp, dominant hand left: MLHL = 26.62 ± 5.65 kp; d = 0.30, small) in favor of the left-handed players. The difference between the dominant and the non-dominant hand showed large effect size for the right-handed (dominant hand right vs. hand left; MRHR = 25.11 ± 4.41 kp, MRHL = 21.01 ± 4.15 kp, d = 0.96, large) and medium effect size for the left-handed players (dominant hand left vs. hand right; MLHL = 26.62 ± 5.65 kp, MLHR = 23.24 ± 5.98 kp, d = 0.58, medium). The results showed that the value of 15 % level of strength laterality between dominant and non-dominant hand was exceeded for the right-handed (55.83 %) and left-handed (43.48%) groups ergo the exceeded value could be a cause of injuries. Because of this signals attention should be given during training process for optimizing the required load.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Functional Laterality physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Hand Injuries prevention & control MeSH
- Hand Strength * MeSH
- Muscle Strength Dynamometer statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Tennis * physiology statistics & numerical data injuries MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
BACKGROUND: Impaired physical performance and muscle strength are recognized risk factors for fragility fractures, frequently associated with osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, the integration of muscle strength and physical performance in the comprehensive assessment of fracture risk is still debated. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the potential role of hand grip strength (HGS) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) for predicting fragility fractures and their correlation with Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) with a machine learning approach. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a group of postmenopausal women underwent assessment of their strength, with the outcome measured using the HSG, their physical performance evaluated using the SPPB, and the predictive algorithm for fragility fractures known as FRAX. The statistical analysis included correlation analysis using Pearson's r and a decision tree model to compare different variables and their relationship with the FRAX Index. This machine learning approach allowed to create a visual decision boundaries plot, providing a dynamic representation of variables interactions in predicting fracture risk. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (mean age 63.8±10.7 years) were included. Both HGS and SPPB negatively correlate with FRAX major (r=-0.381, P=0.034; and r=-0.407, P=0.023 respectively), whereas only SPPB significantly correlated with an inverse proportionality to FRAX hip (r=-0.492, P=0.001). According to a machine learning approach, FRAX major ≥20 and/or hip ≥3 might be reported for an SPPB<6. Concurrently, HGS<17.5 kg correlated with FRAX major ≥20 and/or hip ≥3. CONCLUSIONS: In light of the major findings, this cross-sectional study using a machine learning model related SPPB and HGS to FRAX. Therefore, a precise assessment including muscle strength and physical performance might be considered in the multidisciplinary assessment of fracture risk in post-menopausal women.
- MeSH
- Risk Assessment MeSH
- Bone Density * physiology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Osteoporotic Fractures * epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Postmenopause MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Hand Strength MeSH
- Physical Functional Performance MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Úvod: Tužkový úchop se považuje za jeden z ukazatelů vyspělosti jedince v rámci grafomotoriky. Úchop tužky a dovednost jejího používání se vyvíjí postupně, v průběhu zrání centrálního nervového systému, a je spojen s kognitivními funkcemi, motivací a učením. Zpočátku dítě používá hrubý úchop, ale s přibývajícím věkem a tréninkem tužkový úchop vyzrává do některé ze svých základních podob. Cíl: Analyzovat aktuálně používané typy tužkových úchopů u vysokoškolských studentů. Metodika: Pomocí videografie byly zjišťovány typické způsoby úchopu psacího náčiní v závislosti na rychlosti psaní u souboru 100 studentů Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci ve věku 19–25 let. Výsledky: Bylo zjištěno, že čeští vysokoškolští studenti používají v současnosti nejčastěji modifikované špetkové úchopy – tříprstou přitaženou špetku a tříprstou otevřenou špetku. K psaní nejčastěji používají kuličkové psací pomůcky. Některé signifikantní rozdíly v úchopech byly zaznamenány při změně rychlosti psaní.
Introduction: A pencil grip is considered as one of the indicators of graphomotoric maturity of an individual. The pencil grip and skills for its use develop gradually during the neuromaturation of the central nervous system as it is connected with cognitive functions, motivation and learning. A child uses initially a palmar grip only, but with age it evolves into one of its final forms. Aim: To analyse currently used types of pencil grips in university students. Methods: Videography was used to monitor the commonly used types of pencil grips depending on the writing speed in the cohort of 100 students of Palacký University in Olomouc aged 19–25 years. Results: The findings show that modifications of digital grips, modified dynamic tripod and open web space tripod are currently the most common pencil grips used in the Czech university students. The most frequently used writing tool is a roller pen. Several significant changes in a pencil grip occurred with changing the speed of handwriting. Conclusion: Currently the most frequently used types of pencil grips in Czech university students are modified tripod digital grips.
