IRS 19
Dotaz
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- Klíčová slova
- BRONCHO-VAXOM, IRS 19,
- MeSH
- adjuvancia imunologická aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hodnocení léčiv MeSH
- imunoglobulin E účinky léků MeSH
- infekce dýchací soustavy farmakoterapie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- sekundární prevence MeSH
- T-lymfocyty účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Východisko: Zdravotnícki pracovníci nielen na Slovensku, ale na celom svete boli konfrontovaní s enormnou psychickou a fyzickou záťažou, ktorú spôsobila pandémia ochorenia COvID-19. Poskytovali zdravotnú starostlivosť často v nevhodných pracovných podmienkach, unavení z dlhodobého používania ochranných pracovných pomôcok, s veľkým počtom pacientov na oddeleniach, nadčasov a pod. Kľúčovým faktorom k úspešnej motivácii je podpora napĺňania pracovných a osobných cieľov zo strany zamestnan- cov a vedúcich pracovníkov. Cieľom štúdie bolo analyzovať spokojnosť, motivačné a demotivačné fak- tory v práci sestier počas pandémie ochorenia COvID-19. Súbor a metódy: Bola použitá kvantitatívna metóda, štandardizovaný dotazník McCloskey/Muellerova škála pracovnej spokojnosti a dotazník vlastnej konštrukcie. Respondentmi boli sestry pracujúce počas pandémie COvID-19 na Slovensku v období od januára 2020 do januára 2022 na reprofilizovaných oddeleniach. Výsledky: Pre sestry bola počas pandémie ochorenia COvID-19 najviac motivujúca dobrá spolupráca a ko- munikácia na pracovisku. Najviac demotivujúci bol aktuálny systém odmeňovania. Medzi spokojnosťou sestier a vekom sme nezistili štatisticky významný vzťah. Zistili sme štatisticky významnú súvislosť medzi spokojnosťou sestier pri výkone povolania vzhľadom na dĺžku praxe t. j. sestry s väčšou dĺžkou praxe sú viac spokojné s možnosťou profesionálne rásť. Záver: Odporúčame zamestnávateľom pravidelne vy- hodnocovať spokojnosť zamestnancov a predchádzať syndrómu vyhorenia, pocitu záťaže, zabezpečením optimálneho počtu odpracovaných hodín s dostatoč- ným časom na oddych.
Background: Healthcare workers not only in Slovakia, but all over the world were confronted with enor- mous psychological and physical stress caused by the COvID-19 pandemic.They provided healthcare often in inappropriate working conditions, tired from prolonged use of protective work equipment, with a large number of patients in the wards, overtime, etc. A key factor to successful motivation is the support for the fulfilment of work and personal goals by em- ployees and managers. The aim of the study was to analyze job satisfaction, motivational and demotiva- tional factors in nurses during the COvID-19 pande- mic. File and methods: A quantitative method, a standar- dized questionnaire, the McCloskey/Mueller Job Satisfaction Scale and a self-constructed questionna- ire were used. Respondents were nurses working du- ring the COvID-19 pandemic in Slovakia between January 2020 and January 2022 in reprofiled wards. Results: For nurses, the most motivating factor du- ring the COvID-19 pandemic was good workplace collaboration and communication. The most demoti- vating was the current remuneration system. We fo- und no statistically significant relationship between nurses‘ satisfaction and age. We found a statistically significant association between nurses‘ job satisfac- tion with respect to length of experience i.e. nurses with more years of experience are more satisfied with the opportunity to grow professionally. Conclusion: We recommend that employers regular- ly evaluate the satisfaction of employees and prevent burnout syndrome, feelings of burden, by ensuring the optimal number of hours worked with sufficient time for rest.
- MeSH
- adjuvancia imunologická terapeutické užití MeSH
- dávka záření škodlivé účinky MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hematopoéza fyziologie účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- imunoterapie MeSH
- krevní buňky fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
The current monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain differs from the strain arising in 2018 by 50+ single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and is mutating much faster than expected. The cytidine deaminase apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic subunit B (APOBEC3) was hypothesized to be driving this increased mutation. APOBEC has recently been identified to preferentially mutate cruciform DNA secondary structures formed by inverted repeats (IRs). IRs were recently identified as hot spots for mutation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and we aimed to identify whether IRs were also hot spots for mutation within MPXV genomes. We found that MPXV genomes were replete with IR sequences. Of the 50+ SNPs identified in the 2022 outbreak strain, 63.9% of these were found to have arisen within IR regions in the 2018 reference strain (MT903344.1). Notably, IR sequences found in the 2018 reference strain were significantly lost over time, with an average of 32.5% of these sequences being conserved in the 2022 MPXV genomes. This evidence was highly indicative that mutations were arising within IRs. This data provides further support to the hypothesis that APOBEC may be driving MPXV mutation and highlights the necessity for greater surveillance of IRs of MPXV genomes to detect new mutations.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- virus opičích neštovic * genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
SARS-CoV-2 is an intensively investigated virus from the order Nidovirales (Coronaviridae family) that causes COVID-19 disease in humans. Through enormous scientific effort, thousands of viral strains have been sequenced to date, thereby creating a strong background for deep bioinformatics studies of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. In this study, we inspected high-frequency mutations of SARS-CoV-2 and carried out systematic analyses of their overlay with inverted repeat (IR) loci and CpG islands. The main conclusion of our study is that SARS-CoV-2 hot-spot mutations are significantly enriched within both IRs and CpG island loci. This points to their role in genomic instability and may predict further mutational drive of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Moreover, CpG islands are strongly enriched upstream from viral ORFs and thus could play important roles in transcription and the viral life cycle. We hypothesize that hypermethylation of these loci will decrease the transcription of viral ORFs and could therefore limit the progression of the disease.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 virologie MeSH
- CpG ostrůvky * MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metylace DNA MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 genetika MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the effect of a 3-month calorie restriction (CR) without snacking on the anthropometric parameters, Homeostatic Model Assesment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profiles of female office workers with overweight or obesity, whose physical activity was limited during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight women aged 20-38 years (28.9±5.24) with low physical activity levels were divided into a non-snacking (NS) group (N = 21) and a snacking (S) group (N = 27) prior to the dietary intervention. Their daily energy intake during the intervention was lowered by 30% compared with the baseline level, and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fiber in their diet was increased (to >30 g/day). The proportion of saturated fatty acids and simple carbohydrates was also reduced. The study participants were assessed at the baseline and post-intervention for anthropometric variables (body weight, body fat percentage BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio) and the concentrations of insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Moreover, the values for HOMA-IR, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and the ratios of TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. RESULTS: All anthropometric parameter values obtained post-intervention were lower than the baseline in both groups. The serum insulin concentration and HOMA-IR decreased respectively by an average of 6% and 25% in the NS group and 37% and 45% in the S group. The lipid profiles of all participants improved significantly, with the LDL-C concentration showing a more promising trend in the S group (decrease by 27%) than in the NS group (17%). CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that CR improved the anthropometric parameters, HOMA-IR index, and lipid profiles of all participants. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(6):693-706.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- HDL-cholesterol MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- inzulin MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
- kalorická restrikce MeSH
- kontrola infekčních nemocí MeSH
- LDL-cholesterol MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- triglyceridy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Non-B nucleic acids structures have arisen as key contributors to genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we investigated the presence of defining spike protein mutations falling within inverted repeats (IRs) for 18 SARS-CoV-2 variants, discussed the potential roles of G-quadruplexes (G4s) in SARS-CoV-2 biology, and identified potential pseudoknots within the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Surprisingly, there was a large variation in the number of defining spike protein mutations arising within IRs between variants and these were more likely to occur in the stem region of the predicted hairpin stem-loop secondary structure. Notably, mutations implicated in ACE2 binding and propagation (e.g., ΔH69/V70, N501Y, and D614G) were likely to occur within IRs, whilst mutations involved in antibody neutralization and reduced vaccine efficacy (e.g., T19R, ΔE156, ΔF157, R158G, and G446S) were rarely found within IRs. We also predicted that RNA pseudoknots could predominantly be found within, or next to, 29 mutations found in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Finally, the Omicron variants BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.12.1, and BA.2.75 appear to have lost two of the predicted G4-forming sequences found in other variants. These were found in nsp2 and the sequence complementary to the conserved stem-loop II-like motif (S2M) in the 3' untranslated region (UTR). Taken together, non-B nucleic acids structures likely play an integral role in SARS-CoV-2 evolution and genetic diversity.
- Klíčová slova
- IMUDON, IRS 19, STAVA-NASAL, GS IMUNOSTIM, BIOSTIM, RIBOMUNYL, URO-VAXOM,
- MeSH
- adjuvancia imunologická MeSH
