OBJECTIVE: The menopausal transition is accompanied by transient symptoms that have been linked to subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD); CVD has also been linked to air pollution. Physical activity (PA) reduces CVD, improves body composition, and can reduce menopausal symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess the links between PA and menopausal symptoms and whether obesity, fitness, and air pollution status play a role in this relationship. METHODS: Women (40-60 y; N = 243; mean [SD] age, 47.8 [5.6] y) from areas with high versus low air pollution enrolled in the Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment Program 4 prospective cohort study completed psychological, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and menopausal status screening followed by a 14-day prospective assessment of menopausal symptoms (Menopause Rating Scale) using a mobile application. Daily PA was assessed objectively across 14 days via Fitbit Charge 3 monitor. General linear mixed models were conducted and controlled for age, menopausal status, day in the study, wear time, and neuroticism. RESULTS: Peri/postmenopausal women ( β = 0.43, P < 0.001) and those residing in a high-air-pollution environment ( β = 0.45, P < 0.05) reported more somatovegetative symptoms. Hot flashes alone were associated with peri/postmenopausal status ( β = 0.45, P < 0.001), and for women residing in a high-air-pollution environment, lower reporting of hot flashes was observed on days when a woman was more physically active than usual ( β = -0.15, P < 0.001). No associations were found for cardiorespiratory fitness and visceral fat with any of the symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: PA may enhance resilience to hot flashes, especially when residing in high-air-pollution environments where we also observed higher reporting of somatovegetative menopausal symptoms.

• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza psychologie   MeSH
• návaly psychologie   MeSH
• obezita MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• znečištění ovzduší * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease of the adult population and is closely associated with serious cardiovascular events. The burden of hypertension with respect to vascular and other organ damage is greater in women. These sex differences are not fully understood. The unique feature in women is their transition to menopause accompanied by profound hormonal changes that affect the vasculature that are also associated with changes of blood pressure. Results from studies of hormone replacement therapy and its effects on the cardiovascular system are controversial, and the timing of treatment after menopause seems to be important. Therefore, revealing potential sex- and sex hormone-dependent pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension in experimental studies could provide valuable information for better treatment of hypertension and vascular impairment, especially in postmenopausal women. The experimental rat models subjected to ovariectomy mimicking menopause could be useful tools for studying the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation after menopause and during subsequent therapy.

• MeSH
• hormonální substituční terapie MeSH
• hypertenze * MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * epidemiologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• menopauza fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Aim: This descriptive qualitative study provides information on research dealing with women's opinions, experiences, and attitudes toward menopause. Design: A descriptive qualitative study. Methods: Individual semi-structured in-depth interviews were used for qualitative research into this topic. The research group consisted of 17 women aged 40 to 55 years. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. Results: Based on the thematic analysis, the following categories were created: 1) Association with the period of menopause; 2) Experiencing menopause; and 3) Education. The results showed that women viewed menopause as a transitional phase of life. The main symptoms included hot flashes, night sweats, disturbed sleep, mood swings, and weight gain. Prior to the study, participants were not interested in additional information on the issue. Conclusion: As estrogen levels decline later in life, women transition from the reproductive to the post-reproductive phase of their lives. For women to experience healthy menopause, they must understand the process before they begin to experience the consequences of estrogen deficiency.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• klimakterium * psychologie   MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza psychologie   MeSH
• postoj MeSH
• rozhovory jako téma MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
• ženy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Úvod a cíl: V období přechodu z reprodukční do postreprodukční fáze dochází ke klinickým problémům a změnám různého charakteru a intenzity, které mohou ovlivnit život ženy. Cílem této kvantitativní studie bylo zhodnotit faktory ovlivňující kvalitu života a kvalitu zdraví českých žen při přechodu z reprodukční do postreprodukční fáze života. Metody: Data byla získána pomocí dvou standardizovaných dotazníků - (1) WHO's WHOQOL-Bref a (2) Women's Health Ques- tionnaire (WHQ), a dále jednoho nestandardizovaného dotazníku ke zjištění kvality života a kvality zdraví žen. Výsledky: Ve vztahu ke kvalitě života statistická analýza ukázala, že jako nejlepší bylo hodnoceno fyzické zdraví, naopak jako nejhorší z hodnocených položek bylo hodnoceno domácí prostředí. Porovnání kvality zdravotních proměnných ukázalo, že v klimakteriu respondentky nejvíce trápily vazomotorické symptomy a nejméně je trápila úzkost/strach. Většina respondentek vnímala kvalitu svého života jako dobrou a většina žen byla spokojena se svým zdravím. Závěr: Porovnání kvality zdravotních proměnných ukázalo, že v klimakteriu respondentky nejvíce trápily vazomotorické symp- tomy a nejméně úzkost/strach. Většina respondentek vnímala kvalitu svého života jako dobrou a většina žen byla spokojena se svým zdravím.

Introduction and objective: In the period of transition from the reproductive to post-reproductive phase, clinical problems and changes of various character and intensity occur, which can affect the life of women. The aim of this quantitative study was to evaluate the factors affecting quality of life and quality of health of Czech women during the transition from reproductive to post-reproductive life. Methods: The data were obtained using two standardized questionnaires - (1) the WHO's WHOQOL-Bref and (2) Women's Health Questionnaire, (WHQ), as well as one non-standardized questionnaire to identify the women's quality of life and quality of health. Results: In relation to the quality of life, a statistical analysis showed that physical health was evaluated as the best item, while the home environment was considered to be the worst of the evaluated items. A comparison of the quality of health variables showed that during the climacteric, respondents were most troubled by vasomotor symptoms and least troubled by anxiety/fear. Most respondents perceived their quality of life as good, and the majority of women were satisfied with their health. Conclusions: A comparison of the quality of health variables showed that during the climacteric, respondents were most troubled by vasomotor symptoms and least troubled by anxiety/fear. Most respondents perceived their quality of life as good, and the majority of women were satisfied with their health.

• MeSH
• klimakterium MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza * fyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• vazomotorický systém MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Theoretical basis: The menopause is a period in women’s lives when their ability to reproduce decreases, and as it gradually ends, women move into the so-called post-production phase. In this transitional phase, women are at risk of developing various symptoms, which are affected by more factors than only a deficiency of ovarian hormones (estrogens). Many recent international studies have shown the influence of other factors on women‘s health during this period, such as the family environment, interpersonal relationships, employment, and ethnic and cultural aspects. Goal: The literature review is devoted to the research of published studies dealing with the influence of ethnicity and culture on the occurrence of symptoms and health of women in the post-reproductive phase of their lives. Methods: We searched for the included studies using the method of content analysis. The scientific databases focused on women’s health, and studies published between 2017 and 2022 were found in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO. We used the keywords “ethnicity”, “menopause”, “symptom”, “influence”, “woman”, and the Boolean operator “AND”. The content analysis took place from January to February 2022. After checking the eligibility and relevance of studies, we included and analysed eight articles. Results: It is clear from the literature review results that ethnic and cultural factors are involved in vasomotor, somatic, and cognitive symptoms in women with estrogen deficiency. Conclusions: The information obtained can be helpful, and used in providing individual holistic care to women of different ethnicities in both primary care and inpatient health facilities.

Objective: Osteoporosis is associated with an impaired balance between bone resorption and formation, which in turn leads to bone loss and fractures. Many recent studies have underlined the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bone remodeling processes and their potential as biomarkers of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the association of circulating miRNAs and bone biomarkers with estrogen status in women before and after oophorectomy, as well as in oophorectomized women on estrogen therapy. Methods: In this prospective study, we included 11 women before oophorectomy and hysterectomy and at 201 ± 24 days after the surgery. Another 11 women were evaluated 508 ± 127 days after oophorectomy and hysterectomy and after an additional 203 ± 71 days of estradiol treatment. Serum miRNAs were profiled by sequencing. Estrogen status and biomarkers of bone metabolism were quantified. Bone mineral density was assessed in the lumbar spine. Results: Our analysis revealed 17 miRNAs associated with estrogen levels. Of those miRNAs that were upregulated with estrogen deficiency and downregulated after estrogen therapy, miR-422a correlated with serum beta-carboxy-terminal type I collagen crosslinks (β-CTX) and procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP); and miR-1278 correlated with serum β-CTX, P1NP, osteocalcin, sclerostin, and Dickkopf-1(Dkk1). In contrast, we found an inverse association of miR-24-1-5p with estrogen status and a negative correlation with serum β-CTX, P1NP, osteoprotegerin, and sclerostin levels. Conclusion: The reported miRNAs associated with estrogen status and bone metabolism could be potential biomarkers of bone pathophysiology and would facilitate studies on the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Our findings require validation in an extended cohort.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza MeSH
• mikro RNA * genetika   MeSH
• osteoporóza * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Women undergo important changes in sex hormones throughout their lifetime that can impact cardiovascular disease risk. Whereas the traditional cardiovascular risk factors dominate in older age, there are several female-specific risk factors and inflammatory risk variables that influence a woman's risk at younger and middle age. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders and gestational diabetes are associated with a higher risk in younger women. Menopause transition has an additional adverse effect to ageing that may demand specific attention to ensure optimal cardiovascular risk profile and quality of life. In this position paper, we provide an update of gynaecological and obstetric conditions that interact with cardiovascular risk in women. Practice points for clinical use are given according to the latest standards from various related disciplines (Figure 1).

• MeSH
• endokrinologové MeSH
• kardiologové * MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The menopausal transition has a negative effect on peripheral dilation in response to various stimuli including shear stress and exercise. Whether the presence of elevated traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women going through menopause exacerbates the adverse effect on peripheral vasodilation is unclear. METHODS: Forty-four perimenopausal women with relatively low CVD risk were divided into tertiles based on atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) 10-year risk scores (lowest: 0.1%-0.5%, middle: 0.6%-0.9%, higher: >1%). Comparisons were made across tertile groups for the femoral artery vascular conductance (FVC) response to single-leg knee extension exercise (0, 5, 10, 15 W) as measured using Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: At higher exercise intensities, FVC was lower in women in the tertile group with the highest ASCVD 10-year risk scores (10 W: 6 ± 2 mL/min/mm Hg, 15 W: 8 ± 3 mL/min/mm Hg) compared to women in the lowest tertile group (10 W: 9 ± 3 mL/min/mm Hg, P = 0.01; 15 W: 12 ± 3 mL/min/mm Hg, P < 0.01) and middle tertile group (10 W: 10 ± 4 mL/min/mm Hg, P < 0.01; 15 W: 12 ± 5 mL/min/mm Hg, P < 0.01). The overall increase in FVC during exercise from 0 to 15 W remained lower (P ≤ 0.01) in women with the highest ASCVD risk scores compared to the other two tertile groups even after adjustment for chronological age, arterial stiffness, and fat-free mass adjusted aerobic fitness level. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the presence of mild differences in ASCVD risk scores may be associated with a blunted active limb blood flow during leg exercise in mid-life women transitioning through menopause.

• MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• perimenopauza MeSH
• rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• vazodilatace MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

Vulvovaginální atrofie trápí zhruba 40 % žen po menopauze. Na její projevy je vhodné se cíleně ptát. Pro ženy je snazší na takovou otázku odpovědět než o problému začít hovořit spontánně, což dělá problém 70 % postižených. V léčbě a prevenci urogenitální atrofie je lékem volby vaginálně aplikovaný estriol nebo estradiol v nízkých dávkách, které jsou vysoce účinné a bezpečné.

About 40 % of woman suffer from vulvovaginal atrophy after menopausal transition. It is very important to put question on this problem, because about 70 % of them are not able to start discussion on it. Regarding treatment, vaginal low doses estriol and estradiol are drugs of first choice with high efficacy and safety.

• Klíčová slova
• ospemifen,
• MeSH
• antagonisté estrogenu MeSH
• aplikace intravaginální MeSH
• atrofická vaginitida * diagnóza   epidemiologie   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• dehydroepiandrosteron aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• endometrium účinky léků   MeSH
• estradiol aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• estrogeny MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• laserová terapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• menopauza účinky léků   MeSH
• tamoxifen analogy a deriváty   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• ženské urogenitální nemoci diagnóza   epidemiologie   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Declines in endothelial function can take place rapidly across the menopause transition, placing women at heightened risk for atherosclerosis. Disturbed patterns of conduit artery shear, characterized by greater oscillatory and retrograde shear, are associated with endothelial dysfunction but have yet to be described across menopause. Healthy women, who were not on hormone therapy or contraceptives, were classified into early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and early postmenopausal stage. Resting antegrade, retrograde, and oscillatory shear were calculated from blood velocity and diameter measured in the brachial and common femoral artery using Doppler ultrasound. Serum was collected for measurements of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone. After adjusting for age, brachial artery oscillatory shear was significantly higher in early postmenopausal women (n = 15, 0.17 ± 0.08 a.u.) than both early (n = 12, 0.08 ± 0.05 a.u., P < 0.05) and late (n = 8, 0.08 ± 0.04 a.u) perimenopausal women, and retrograde shear was significantly greater in early postmenopausal versus early perimenopausal women (-19.47 ± 12.97 vs. -9.62 ± 6.11 sec-1 , both P < 0.05). Femoral artery oscillatory and retrograde shear were greater, respectively, in early postmenopausal women (n = 15, 0.19 ± 0.08 a.u.; -13.57 ± 5.82 sec-1 ) than early perimenopausal women (n = 14, 0.11 ± 0.08 a.u.; -8.13 ± 4.43 sec-1 , P < 0.05). Further, Pearson correlation analyses revealed significant associations between FSH and both retrograde and oscillatory shear, respectively, in the brachial (r = -0.40, P = 0.03; r = 0.43, P = 0.02) and common femoral artery (r = -0.45, P = 0.01; r = 0.56, P = 0.001). These results suggest menopause, and its associated changes in reproductive hormones, adversely influences conduit arterial shear rate patterns to greater oscillatory and retrograde shear rates.

• MeSH
• arterie diagnostické zobrazování   fyziologie   MeSH
• cévní endotel fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• estradiol krev   MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• luteinizační hormon krev   MeSH
• menopauza krev   fyziologie   MeSH
• reologie krve * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH