Non-targeted analysis
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Clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC) is a recently described rare renal malignancy that displays characteristic gross, microscopic and immunohistochemical differences from other renal tumour types. However, CCPRCC remains a very poorly understood entity. We therefore sought to elucidate some of the molecular mechanisms involved in this neoplasm by carrying out targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify associated mutations, and in addition examined the expression of non-coding (nc) RNAs. We identified multiple somatic mutations in CCPRCC cases, including a recurrent [3/14 cases (21%)] non-synonymous T992I mutation in the MET proto-oncogene, a gene associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using a microarray approach, we found that the expression of mature (n = 1105) and pre-miRNAs (n = 1105), as well as snoRNA and scaRNAs (n = 2214), in CCPRCC cases differed from that of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) or papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) tumours. Surprisingly, and unlike other renal tumour subtypes, we found that all five members of the miR-200 family were over-expressed in CCPRCC cases. As these miRNAs are intimately involved with EMT, we stained CCPRCC cases for E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin and found that the tumour cells of all cases were positive for all three markers, a combination rarely reported in other renal tumours that could have diagnostic implications. Taken together with the mutational analysis, these data suggest that EMT in CCPRCC tumour cells is incomplete or blocked, consistent with the indolent clinical course typical of this malignancy. In summary, as well as describing a novel pathological mechanism in renal carcinomas, this study adds to the mounting evidence that CCPRCC should be formally considered a distinct entity. Microarray data have been deposited in the GEO database [GEO accession number (GSE51554)].
- MeSH
- DNA nádorová chemie genetika MeSH
- epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA chemie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mutační analýza DNA MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- nádory ledvin genetika patologie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- nekódující RNA chemie genetika MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- RNA nádorová genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased intracranial pressure occurring predominantly in women with obesity. The pathogenesis is not understood. We have applied untargeted metabolomic analysis using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in IIH compared to control subjects. Methods and findings: Samples were collected from IIH patients (n = 66) with active disease at baseline and again at 12 months following therapeutic weight loss. Control samples were collected from gender- and weight-matched healthy controls (n = 20). We identified annotated metabolites in CSF, formylpyruvate and maleylpyruvate/fumarylpyruvate, which were present at lower concentrations in IIH compared to control subjects and returned to values observed in controls following weight loss. These metabolites showed the opposite trend in serum at baseline. Multiple amino acid metabolic pathways and lipid classes were perturbed in serum and CSF in IIH alone. Serum lipid metabolite pathways were significantly increased in IIH. Conclusions: We observed a number of differential metabolic pathways related to amino acid, lipid, and acylpyruvate metabolism, in IIH compared to controls. These pathways were associated with clinical measures and normalized with disease remission. Perturbation of these metabolic pathways provides initial understanding of disease dysregulation in IIH.
Non-target analysis (NTA) employing high-resolution mass spectrometry is a commonly applied approach for the detection of novel chemicals of emerging concern in complex environmental samples. NTA typically results in large and information-rich datasets that require computer aided (ideally automated) strategies for their processing and interpretation. Such strategies do however raise the challenge of reproducibility between and within different processing workflows. An effective strategy to mitigate such problems is the implementation of inter-laboratory studies (ILS) with the aim to evaluate different workflows and agree on harmonized/standardized quality control procedures. Here we present the data generated during such an ILS. This study was organized through the Norman Network and included 21 participants from 11 countries. A set of samples based on the passive sampling of drinking water pre and post treatment was shipped to all the participating laboratories for analysis, using one pre-defined method and one locally (i.e. in-house) developed method. The data generated represents a valuable resource (i.e. benchmark) for future developments of algorithms and workflows for NTA experiments.
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * chirurgie patologie radioterapie MeSH
- radioterapie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- farmakoterapie metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic farmakoterapie komplikace radioterapie MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv MeSH
- radioterapie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
... Overview of studies to support the development of the analysis grid 55 -- 4. ... ... Content analysis 147 -- 7.1. Analysis grid 147 -- 7.2. Summary of main findings 150 -- 7.3. ... ... Advertising on non-linear AV media services and other online services 167 -- 7.5. ... ... services and other online services, including a content analysis 3 -- 8.2. ... ... Are minors specifically targeted by alcohol advertising? ...
184 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- alkoholické nápoje ekonomika statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Evropská unie MeSH
- hromadné sdělovací prostředky statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- inzerce jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- marketing statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- mladiství MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- adiktologie
- sociologie
- ekonomie, ekonomika, ekonomika zdravotnictví
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy
Analýza obalu dát predstavuje užitočný model kvantitatívnej ekonomickej analýzy pre hodnotenie efektívnosti produkčných jednotiek vo verejnom sektore, pre získanie ich usporiadania a odhalenia zdrojov neefektívnosti. Možnosti analýzy obalu dát na úrovni jednotlivej LDN sme ilustrovali na príklade jednej z liečební. Výsledky, ktoré sme získali týmito analýzami, by sme mali brať ako prvotnú informáciu o efektívnosti či neefektívnosti jednotlivých zariadení. Pre prax zaujímavejšie výsledky by bolo možné získať pri hodnotení na úrovni oddelení a pri dostupnosti informácií o prípadovom mixe liečených pacientov. Ďalšou zaujímavou analýzou by mohla byť analýza vývoja efektívnosti v čase. Limitovaná dostupnosť údajov o poskytovaných službách zatiaľ neumožňuje uskutočniť porovnanie efektívnosti a kvality poskytovateľov v českom zdravotníctve.
This paper deals with a non-parametric method for efficiency evaluation - data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA evaluates efficiency of production units with the help of mathematical programming by specifying the production frontier as the most pessimistic piecewise linear envelopment of the data. In case that a hospital is inefficient the method determines the sources of inefficiency and defines corresponding target values. In this study, we analyze the sample of Czech long-term hospitals in 2005.
Cílená léčba představuje terapeutický přístup na subcelulární úrovni. Zasahuje do intracelulárních mechanismů inhibicí signální transdukce. Cílená léčba ovlivňuje přirozené regulační mechanismy řídící metabolismus, proliferaci a migraci nádorových buněk. Nejlépe prozkoumanou strukturou, která je terčem cílené protinádorové léčby nemalobuněčného karcinomu plic, je receptor pro epidermální růstový faktor. Erlotinib je nízkomolekulární lék, jehož cílem je tyrozinkinázová doména receptoru pro epidermální růstový faktor. Je indikován k léčbě lokálně pokročilého nebo metastazujícího nemalobuněčného karcinomu plic v první, druhé či třetí linii léčby v monoterapii či v kombinaci s bevacizumabem v první linii léčby pokročilého nemalobuněčného karcinomu plic s aktivující mutací genu receptoru pro epidermální růstový faktor.
Target therapy is a subcellular approach to the treatment of cancer. It is targeted on the intracellular mechanisms of signal transduction inhibiting. This treatment targets the natural regulatory mechanisms controlling metabolism, proliferation and migration of cancer cells. The most data are available on the epidermal growth factor receptor as a target for antitumor strategies. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor has become an important target in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Erlotinib is small molecular agents that target the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor. It is indicated for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer as a first, second- or third-line regimen alone or combined with bevacizumab as first-line therapy for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- bevacizumab aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- cílená molekulární terapie MeSH
- erbB receptory antagonisté a inhibitory aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- erlotinib aplikace a dávkování farmakologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové léčby MeSH
- udržovací chemoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH