Předmětem řešení projektu je identifikace a detailní funkční charakterizace alelických variant SLC2A9 a SLC22A12 v souboru 150 osob s normourikémií a 150 osob s nefyziologickými hodnotami kyseliny močové (gDNA již k dispozici, výběr ze souboru projektu "Mírná hyperhomocysteinemie v české populaci: analysa genetických faktorů u pacientů s atherosklerosou", IGA MZ NM 26-3). Nalezené alelické varianty (PCR amplifikace a sekv. analýza kódujících oblastí) budou funkčně a imunocytochemicky studovány expresnímsystémem využívající oocyty Xenopus laevis včetně subcelulární lokalizace, kolokalizačních studií, dynamiky procesování a transportu i transportní aktivity proteinů. Identifikace alelických variant majoritních urátových transportérů v statisticky významném vzorku české populace a jejich funkční charakterizace objasní četnost a vliv těchto variant na hodnoty sérové hladiny kyseliny močové a pravděpodobně přispěje k objasnění vztahu mezi genotypem a fenotypem u hypo/hyperurikémie.; Methods used in the project: retrospective cohort of 869 subjects, which were already biochemically and clinically characterized (the project ?Mild hyperhomocysteinemia in the Czech population: analysis of genetic factors among patients with atherosclerosis?, IGA MZ NM 26-3); selection of 150 subjects with normouricemia and 150 subjects with pathological level of serum uric acid. After identification of allelic variants (PCR amplification and seq. analysis) further detailed studies using expression system of Xenopus laevis oocytes including subcellular localization, colocalization, processing dynamics, transport of proteins and uptake studies will be performed. The identification of SLC2A9 and SLC22A12 allelic variants in statistically significant cohort of Czech population and their functional characterization will elucidate their frequency and influence on the level of serum uric acid and could contribute to the determination of relationship between genotype/fenotype in hypo/hyperuricemia.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• dna (nemoc) genetika   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genetické asociační studie MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• hyperurikemie genetika   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• kyselina močová krev   MeSH
• membránové transportní proteiny MeSH
• oocyty MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• populace MeSH
• poruchy metabolismu purinů a pyrimidinů epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• přenašeče organických aniontů MeSH
• proteiny přenášející anionty MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Xenopus laevis MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• NLK Obory
• genetika, lékařská genetika
• biologie
• revmatologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR

BACKGROUND: Regenerative medicine and transplantation science continuously seek methods to circumvent immune-mediated rejection and promote tissue regeneration. Sertoli cells, with their inherent immunoprotective properties, emerge as pivotal players in this quest. However, whether Sertoli cells can play immunomodulatory role in tadpole tail regeneration and can thus benefit the regeneration process are needed to be discovered. METHODS: Immature Sertoli cells from Xenopus tropicalis (XtiSCs) were transplanted into X. tropicalis tadpoles, followed by the amputation of the final third of their tails. We assessed the migration of XtiSCs, tail regeneration length, muscle degradation and growth, and macrophage counts across various regions including the entire tail, tail trunk, injection site, and regeneration site. The interactions between XtiSCs and macrophages were examined using a confocal microscope. To deplete macrophages, clodronate liposomes were administered prior to the transplantation of XtiSCs, while the administration of control liposomes acted as a negative control. Student's t-test was used to compare the effects of XtiSCs injection to those of a 2/3PBS injection across groups with no liposomes, control liposomes, and clodronate liposomes. RESULTS: XtiSCs have excellent viability after transplantation to tadpole tail and remarkable homing capabilities to the regeneration site after tail amputation. XtiSCs injection increased macrophage numbers at 3 days post-amputation and 5 days post-amputation in the tail trunk, specifically at the injection site and at the regenerated tail, in a macrophage depleted environment (clodronate-liposome injection). What's more, XtiSCs injection decreased muscle fibers degradation significantly at 1 day post-amputation and facilitated new muscle growth significantly at 3 days post-amputation. In addition, whole-mount immunostaining showed that some XtiSCs co-localized with macrophages. And we observed potential mitochondria transport from XtiSCs to macrophages using MitoTracker staining in tadpole tail. CONCLUSIONS: Our study delineates the novel role of XtiSCs in facilitating muscle regeneration post tadpole tail amputation, underscoring a unique interaction with macrophages that is crucial for regenerative success. This study not only highlights the therapeutic potential of Sertoli cells in regenerative medicine but also opens avenues for clinical translation, offering insights into immunoregulatory strategies that could enhance tissue regeneration and transplant acceptance.

• MeSH
• imunomodulace MeSH
• larva * MeSH
• makrofágy * metabolismus   imunologie   MeSH
• ocas MeSH
• regenerace * MeSH
• Sertoliho buňky * cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Xenopus * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biofyzikální jevy MeSH
• fibroblastový růstový faktor 8 analýza   MeSH
• homeoboxové geny MeSH
• končetiny * embryologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• obratlovci embryologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• proteiny hedgehog MeSH
• růst * fyziologie   MeSH
• tretinoin analýza   MeSH
• zárodečné listy embryologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH

ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) is a physiologically important urate transporter. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that congenital dysfunction of ABCG2 is an important genetic risk factor in gout and hyperuricemia; recent studies suggest the clinical significance of both common and rare variants of ABCG2. However, the effects of rare variants of ABCG2 on the risk of such diseases are not fully understood. Here, using a cohort of 250 Czech individuals of European descent (68 primary hyperuricemia patients and 182 primary gout patients), we examined exonic non-synonymous variants of ABCG2. Based on the results of direct sequencing and database information, we experimentally characterized nine rare variants of ABCG2: R147W (rs372192400), T153M (rs753759474), F373C (rs752626614), T421A (rs199854112), T434M (rs769734146), S476P (not annotated), S572R (rs200894058), D620N (rs34783571), and a three-base deletion K360del (rs750972998). Functional analyses of these rare variants revealed a deficiency in the plasma membrane localization of R147W and S572R, lower levels of cellular proteins of T153M and F373C, and null urate uptake function of T434M and S476P. Accordingly, we newly identified six rare variants of ABCG2 that showed lower or null function. Our findings contribute to deepening the understanding of ABCG2-related gout/hyperuricemia risk and the biochemical characteristics of the ABCG2 protein.

• MeSH
• ABC transportér z rodiny G, člen 2 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• běloši genetika   MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dna (nemoc) genetika   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• HEK293 buňky MeSH
• hyperurikemie genetika   krev   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• kyselina močová krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nádorové proteiny MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• přenašeče organických aniontů MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Using European descent Czech populations, we performed a study of SLC2A9 and SLC22A12 genes previously identified as being associated with serum uric acid concentrations and gout. This is the first study of the impact of non-synonymous allelic variants on the function of GLUT9 except for patients suffering from renal hypouricemia type 2. METHODS: The cohort consisted of 250 individuals (150 controls, 54 nonspecific hyperuricemics and 46 primary gout and/or hyperuricemia subjects). We analyzed 13 exons of SLC2A9 (GLUT9 variant 1 and GLUT9 variant 2) and 10 exons of SLC22A12 by PCR amplification and sequenced directly. Allelic variants were prepared and their urate uptake and subcellular localization were studied by Xenopus oocytes expression system. The functional studies were analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon and Kruskall-Wallis tests; the association study used the Fisher exact test and linear regression approach. RESULTS: We identified a total of 52 sequence variants (12 unpublished). Eight non-synonymous allelic variants were found only in SLC2A9: rs6820230, rs2276961, rs144196049, rs112404957, rs73225891, rs16890979, rs3733591 and rs2280205. None of these variants showed any significant difference in the expression of GLUT9 and in urate transport. In the association study, eight variants showed a possible association with hyperuricemia. However, seven of these were in introns and the one exon located variant, rs7932775, did not show a statistically significant association with serum uric acid concentration. CONCLUSION: Our results did not confirm any effect of SLC22A12 and SLC2A9 variants on serum uric acid concentration. Our complex approach using association analysis together with functional and immunohistochemical characterization of non-synonymous allelic variants did not show any influence on expression, subcellular localization and urate uptake of GLUT9.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• běloši MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• dna (nemoc) genetika   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• frekvence genu MeSH
• hyperurikemie genetika   patologie   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přenašeče organických aniontů genetika   MeSH
• proteiny přenášející organické kationty genetika   MeSH
• proteiny usnadňující transport glukosy genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is a heterogeneous inherited disorder characterized by impaired tubular uric acid (UA) transport with severe complications, such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Type 1 is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the SLC22A12 gene (URAT1), type 2 in the SLC2A9 gene (GLUT9). This article describes three Czech families with RHUC type 1. The serum UA in the probands was 0.9, 1.1 and 0.5 mg/dl and expressed as an increase in the fractional excretion of UA (48, 43 and 39%). The sequencing analysis of SLC22A12 revealed three novel variants: p.G366R, p.T467M and a deletion p.L415_G417del. A detailed metabolic investigation in proband C for progressive visual failure supported suspicion of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 7 conditioned by the mutation in the MFSD8 gene. Functional studies showed significantly decreased urate uptake and a mis-localized URAT1 signal in p.G366R, p.L415_G417del and p.T467M. Furthermore, colocalization studies showed accumulation of URAT1 protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. The findings suggest that loss-of-function mutations cause RHUC via loss of UA absorption partly by protein misfolding. However, they do not necessarily lead to AKI and a possible genotype-phenotype correlation was not proposed. Furthermore, results confirm an uneven geographical and ethnic distribution of SLC22A12 variants; the p.L415_G417del mutation predominates in the Roma ethnic group in the Czech Republic.

• MeSH
• absorpce MeSH
• akutní poškození ledvin diagnóza   etiologie   genetika   MeSH
• alely * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endoplazmatické retikulum metabolismus   MeSH
• frekvence genu * MeSH
• heterozygot MeSH
• kyselina močová moč   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové transportní proteiny genetika   MeSH
• močové kameny komplikace   diagnóza   etnologie   genetika   MeSH
• mutace * MeSH
• neuronální ceroidlipofuscinózy diagnóza   etiologie   genetika   MeSH
• přenašeče organických aniontů genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny přenášející organické kationty genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• rodokmen MeSH
• Romové genetika   MeSH
• vrozené poruchy tubulárního transportu komplikace   diagnóza   etnologie   genetika   MeSH
• Xenopus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

For chromosomal localization of the hFVIII human transgene in F2 and F3 generation of transgenic rabbits, FISH-TSA was applied. A short cDNA probe (1250 bp) targeted chromosomes 3, 7, 8, 9 and 18 of an F2 male (animal 1-3-8). Two transgenic offspring (F3) revealed signal positions in chromosome 3 and chromosomes 3 and 7, respectively. Sequencing and structure analysis of the rabbit orthologous gene revealed high similarity to its human counterpart. Part of the sequenced cDNA (1310 bp) served as a probe for FISH-TSA analysis. The rabbit gene was localized in the q arm terminus of the X chromosome. This result is in agreement with reciprocal chromosome painting between the rabbit and the human. The presented FISH-TSA method provides strong signals without any interspecies reactivity.

• MeSH
• faktor VIII genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• geneticky modifikovaná zvířata MeSH
• genová dávka MeSH
• hybridizace in situ fluorescenční metody   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapování chromozomů metody   MeSH
• savčí chromozomy MeSH
• techniky amplifikace nukleových kyselin MeSH
• transgeny genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

The aim of present study was to optimize culture conditions for pig embryos. Initially, we evaluated three different basic culture conditions. When embryos from electro-activation (parthenotes) or in vitro fertilization (IVF-embryos) were cultured in PZM supplemented with 3 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (PZM-3) in 4-well dishes, in medium covered with oil in 4-well dishes or in droplets under oil, 0%, 33% and 20% of the parthenotes, and 11%, 23% and 20% of the IVF-embryos developed to blastocysts. Subsequently, we examined the development of embryos when they were cultured in 4-well dishes in medium covered with oil continuously for 7 days or cultured under the same conditions but with a change to fresh medium on Days 2 and 4. In this experiment, 23% (no medium change) and 34% (change) of the parthenotes developed to blastocysts, respectively. When IVF-embryos were cultured under similar conditions, 33% and 38% of the embryos developed to blastocysts. Further improvement was achieved when PZM was supplemented with FBS from Day 4. In this experiment, 47% of the parthenotes developed to blastocysts with an average cell number of 57 +/- 7.7. In IVF-embryo group, 49% of the embryos developed to blastocysts with a mean cell number of 60 +/- 6.1. These results indicate that a change to fresh medium and inclusion of FBS in the medium during the late stages of culture can generate a higher proportion of high-quality blastocysts.

• MeSH
• blastocysta MeSH
• elektřina MeSH
• embryonální vývoj účinky léků   MeSH
• fertilizace in vitro veterinární   MeSH
• fetální krev MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kultivace embrya metody   veterinární   MeSH
• kultivační média MeSH
• oocyty MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• skot MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• zygota MeSH
• Check Tag
• skot MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

Two paralogous mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 (Mdh2) genes of Xenopus laevis have been cloned and sequenced, revealing 95% identity. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) combined with tyramide amplification discriminates both genes; Mdh2a was localized into chromosome q3 and Mdh2b into chromosome q8. One kb cDNA probes detect both genes with 85% accuracy. The remaining signals were on the paralogous counterpart. Introns interrupt coding sequences at the same nucleotide as defined for mouse. Restriction polymorphism has been detected in the first intron of Mdh2a, while the individual variability in intron 6 of Mdh2b gene is represented by an insertion of incomplete retrotransposon L1Xl. Rates of nucleotide substitutions indicate that both genes are under similar evolutionary constraints. X. laevis Mdh2 genes can be used as markers for physical mapping and linkage analysis.

• MeSH
• chromozomy MeSH
• duplicitní geny MeSH
• exprimované sekvenční adresy MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
• introny MeSH
• karyotypizace MeSH
• klonování DNA MeSH
• konzervovaná sekvence MeSH
• malátdehydrogenasa genetika   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• mitochondrie enzymologie   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický MeSH
• retroelementy MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční homologie aminokyselin MeSH
• techniky amplifikace nukleových kyselin MeSH
• Xenopus laevis MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH