OBJECTIVES: To report healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and safety outcomes in systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis from the EMN23 study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective, observational, multinational EMN23 study included 4,480 patients initiating first-line treatment for AL amyloidosis in 2004-2018 and assessed, among other objectives, HCRU and safety outcomes. HCRU included hospitalizations, examinations, and dialysis; safety included serious adverse events (SAEs) and adverse events of special interest (AESIs). Data were descriptively analyzed by select prognostic factors (e.g., cardiac staging by Mayo2004/European) for 2004-2010 and 2011-2018. A cost-of-illness analysis was conducted for the UK and Spain. RESULTS: HCRU/safety and dialysis data were extracted for 674 and 774 patients, respectively. Of patients with assessed cardiac stage (2004-2010: 159; 2011-2018: 387), 67.9% and 61.0% had ≥ 1 hospitalization, 56.0% and 51.4% had ≥ 1 SAE, and 31.4% and 28.9% had ≥ 1 AESI across all cardiac stages in 2004-2010 and 2011-2018, respectively. The per-patient-per-year length of hospitalization increased with disease severity (cardiac stage). Of patients with dialysis data (2004-2010: 176; 2011-2018: 453), 23.9% and 14.8% had ≥ 1 dialysis session across all cardiac stages in 2004-2010 and 2011-2018, respectively. The annual cost-of-illness was estimated at €40,961,066 and €31,904,386 for the UK and Spain, respectively; dialysis accounted for ∼28% (UK) and ∼35% (Spain) of the total AL amyloidosis costs. CONCLUSIONS: EMN23 showed that the burden of AL amyloidosis is substantial, highlighting the need for early disease diagnosis and effective treatments targeting the underlying pathology.

• MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náklady na zdravotní péči statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí * MeSH
• pacientův souhlas se zdravotní péčí statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• primární amyloidóza * terapie   ekonomika   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravotnické zdroje statistika a číselné údaje   ekonomika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Coffee is one of the world's most popular beverages and has been growing steadily in commercial importance. Nowadays, coffee is the second largest traded commodity in the world, after petroleum. Hence, coffee industry is responsible for the generation of large amounts of waste, especially spent coffee grounds (SCG). Various attempts to valorize this waste stream of coffee industry were made. This article summarizes our research and publications aiming at the conversion of SCG into valuable products - polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and carotenoids. At first, oil extracted from SCG (approx. 15 wt% oil in SCG) can be efficiently (YP/S=0.82 g/g) converted into PHA employing Cupriavidus necator H16. Further, the solid residues after oil extraction can be hydrolyzed (by the combination of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis) yielding fermentable sugars, which can be further used as a substrate for the production of PHAs employing Bacillus megaterium (YP/S=0.04 g/g) or Burkholderia cepacia (YP/S=0.24 g/g). Alternatively, SCG hydrolysate can be used as a substrate for biotechnological production of carotenoids by carotenogenic yeast Sporobolomyces roseus. Solid residues after either oil extraction or hydrolysis can be used as fuel in industrial boilers to generate heat and energy. Therefore, entire biomass of SCG can be used for sustainable production of PHAs and/or carotenoids employing bio-refinery approach.

• MeSH
• biopaliva mikrobiologie   MeSH
• biotechnologie metody   MeSH
• extrakce kapalina-kapalina metody   MeSH
• karotenoidy biosyntéza   chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• káva chemie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• odpadky - odstraňování metody   MeSH
• polyhydroxyalkanoáty biosyntéza   chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Skeletal-related events (SREs; pathologic fracture [PF], spinal cord compression and radiation or surgery to bone) are common complications of bone metastases or bone lesions and can impose a considerable burden on patients and healthcare systems. In this study, the healthcare resource utilisation (HRU) associated with PFs in patients with bone metastases or lesions secondary to solid tumours or multiple myeloma was estimated in eight European countries. METHODS: Eligible patients were identified in Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland. HRU data were extracted from hospital charts from 3.5 months before the index PF (defined as a PF preceded by a 6.5-month period without a SRE) until 3 months after the last SRE during the study period. Changes from baseline in the number and duration of inpatient stays, number of outpatient visits and number of procedures provided were recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 118 patients with PFs of long bones (those longer than they are wide, e.g. the femur) and 241 patients with PFs of other bones were included. Overall, HRU was greater in patients with long bone PFs than in those with PFs of other bones. A higher proportion of patients with long bone PFs had multiple SREs (79.7%), and more of their SREs were considered to be linked (73.4%) compared with patients with PFs of other bones (51.0% and 47.2%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The increased number and duration of inpatient stays for PFs of long bones compared with those for PFs of other bones may be due in part to the requirement for complicated and lengthy rehabilitation in patients with long bone PFs. Implementing strategies to delay or reduce the number of PFs experienced by patients with bone metastases or lesions may therefore reduce the associated HRU and patient burden.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• lidská práva zákonodárství a právo   klasifikace   MeSH
• rozvojové země MeSH
• směrnice jako téma MeSH
• zákonodárství jako téma organizace a řízení   MeSH
• zdravotní politika zákonodárství a právo   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• hygiena
• lidská práva
• právo, zákonodárství
• psychiatrie
• NLK Publikační typ
• publikace WHO

BACKGROUND: Bone complications, also known as skeletal-related events (SREs), are common in patients with bone metastases secondary to advanced cancers. OBJECTIVE: To provide a detailed estimate of the health resource utilization (HRU) burden associated with SREs across eight European countries. METHODS: Eligible patients from centers in Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland with bone metastases or lesions secondary to breast cancer, prostate, or lung cancer or multiple myeloma who had experienced at least one SRE (defined as radiation to bone, long-bone pathologic fracture, other bone pathologic fracture, surgery to bone or spinal cord compression) were entered into this study. HRU data were extracted retrospectively from the patients' charts from 3.5 months before the index SRE until 3 months after the index SRE (defined as an SRE preceded by an SRE-free period of at least 6.5 months). RESULTS: Overall, the mean number of inpatient stays per SRE increased from baseline by approximately 0.5-1.5 stays, with increases in the total duration of inpatient stays of approximately 6-37 days per event. All SREs were associated with substantial increases from baseline in the frequency of procedures and the number of outpatient and day-care visits. CONCLUSIONS: SREs are associated with substantial HRU owing to considerable increases in the number and duration of inpatient stays, and in the number of procedures, outpatient visits, and day-care visits. These data collectively provide a valuable summary of the real-world SRE burden on European healthcare systems.

• MeSH
• délka pobytu statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• fraktury kostí patologie   MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• komprese míchy patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• mnohočetný myelom MeSH
• nádory kostí epidemiologie   radioterapie   sekundární   MeSH
• nádory plic MeSH
• nádory prostaty epidemiologie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory prsu epidemiologie   patologie   MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH

Background: Bone metastases and lytic lesions due to multiple myeloma are common in advanced cancer and can lead to debilitating complications (skeletal-related events [SREs]), including requirement for radiation to bone. Despite the high frequency of radiation to bone in patients with metastatic bone disease, our knowledge of associated healthcare resource utilization (HRU) is limited. Methods: This retrospective study estimated HRU following radiation to bone in Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Greece, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland. Eligible patients were ≥ 20 years old, had bone metastases secondary to breast, lung or prostate cancer, or bone lesions associated with multiple myeloma, and had received radiation to bone between 1 July 2004 and 1 July 2009. HRU data were extracted from hospital patient charts from 3.5 months before the index SRE (radiation to bone preceded by a SRE-free period of ≥ 6.5 months) until 3 months after the last SRE that the patient experienced during the study period. Results: In total, 482 patients were included. The number of inpatient stays increased from baseline by a mean of 0.52 (standard deviation [SD] 1.17) stays per radiation to bone event and the duration of stays increased by a mean of 7.8 (SD 14.8) days. Outpatient visits increased by a mean of 4.24 (SD 6.57) visits and procedures by a mean of 8.51 (SD 7.46) procedures. Conclusion: HRU increased following radiation to bone across all countries studied. Agents that prevent severe pain and delay the need for radiation have the potential to reduce the burden imposed on healthcare resources and patients.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The most widely used specialized chemistry databases and web services allowing access to them will be described. Besides the largest commercial three (Reaxys, SciFinder, Web of Science), some freely available services (Google Scholar, ChemSpider , PubChem, PubMed) will also be discussed. Strong and weak points of the presented databases will be emphasised and recommendations for optimal database selection and searching will be given.

• Klíčová slova
• Reaxys, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ChemSpider, PubChem,
• MeSH
• chemické databáze * ekonomika   klasifikace   MeSH
• databáze jako téma klasifikace   MeSH
• ukládání a vyhledávání informací MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: In this study, we present and analyze toponyms referring to Socotra Island's endemic dragon's blood tree (Dracaena cinnabari) in four areas on the Socotra Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage site (Republic of Yemen). The motivation is the understanding of the past distribution of D. cinnabari trees which is an important part of conservation efforts by using ethnobotanical data. We assumed that dragon's blood trees had a wider distribution on Socotra Island in the past. METHODS: This research was based on field surveys and interviews with the indigenous people. The place names (toponyms) were recorded in both Arabic and the indigenous Socotri language. We grouped all toponyms into five different categories according to the main descriptor: terrain, human, plant, water, and NA (unknown). Also, this study identified current and historical Arabic names of dragon's blood trees of the genus Dracaena through literature review. RESULTS: A total of 301 toponyms were recorded from the four study areas in Socotra Island. Among names related to plants, we could attribute toponyms to nine different plants species, of which six toponyms referred to the D. cinnabari tree, representing 14.63% of the total phytotoponyms in the category. Three historical naming periods prior to 2000 could be identified. The most commonly used name for dragon's blood trees (D. cinnabari, D. serrulata, D. ombet) appears to be "ahrieb" "إعريهب" and its resin "dum al-akhawin" "دم الأخوين," while derived (mixed-cooked) products are called "eda'a" "إيدع," while regionally different names can be found. CONCLUSION: The place names that refer to D. cinnabari are herein suggested to represent remnant areas of once large populations. Therefore, the toponyms may support known hypotheses based on climate models that D. cinnabari had a wider distribution on Socotra Island in the past. This study also confirmed the historical importance of dragon's blood.

• MeSH
• distribuce rostlin * MeSH
• Dracaena * MeSH
• etnobotanika MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH
• rostlinné pryskyřice MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Jemen MeSH

Currently, there is very little research aimed at developing medical knowledge extraction tools for major West Slavic languages (Czech, Polish, and Slovak). This project lays the groundwork for a general medical knowledge extraction pipeline, introducing the resource vocabularies available for the respective languages (UMLS resources, ICD-10 translations and national drug databases). It demonstrates the utility of this approach on a case study using a large proprietary corpus of Czech oncology records consisting of more than 40 million words written about more than 4,000 patients. After correlating MedDRA terms found in patients' records with drugs prescribed to them, significant non-obvious associations were found between selected medical conditions being mentioned and the probability of certain drugs being prescribed over the course of the patient's treatment, in some cases increasing the probability of prescriptions by over 250%. This direction of research, producing large amounts of annotated data, is a prerequisite for training deep learning models and predictive systems.

• MeSH
• farmaceutické databáze * MeSH
• jazyk (prostředek komunikace) * MeSH
• lékařská onkologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezinárodní klasifikace nemocí MeSH
• znalosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Cílem článku je diskutovat problematiku přístupu do elektronických zdrojů (EZ). Jako ukázkové EZ byly vybrány časopis, kniha a portál. Nejvíce prostoru je věnováno časopisu, kde je otázka zpřístupňování nejsložitější. Článek je psán na základě empirických, přibližně desetiletých zkušeností s přístupy do elektronických zdrojů (EZ). Neklade si za ambici Klasické tištěné knihy doznaly v průběhu let také mnoho změn a mají čím dál větší konkurenci v podobě elektronické varianty. Přednost portálů je především v tom, že na jednom místě je soustředěno velké množství informací.

The aim of the article is to discuss the issue of the access to electronic resources (ER). As an example of ER journal, book and portal were selected. Most space is attended to the journal where the situation is the most complicated. Classic printed books have changed during the years and they have growing competition from electronic variation now. Portals are especially preferred like the place where a large amount of information is concentrated.

• Klíčová slova
• portál, kniha, časopis,
• MeSH
• internet trendy   využití   MeSH
• knihy MeSH
• lékařská informatika metody   trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačové komunikační sítě trendy   využití   MeSH
• počítačové metodologie MeSH
• publikace MeSH
• software MeSH
• ukládání a vyhledávání informací MeSH
• uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH