ablation techniques Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Východiska: Solitární hepatocelulární karcinom (hepatocellular carcinoma – HCC) o průměru 3–5 cm představuje náročnou klinickou výzvu, zejména u pacientů, u kterých není kvůli komorbiditám vhodná chirurgická léčba. Případ: U 74letého muže s renálním karcinomem v anamnéze byla na MR zjištěna nová náhodná solitární léze jater o velikosti 5 cm. Po přezkoumání multidisciplinární komisí a vzhledem k věku a vysokému riziku pooperačních komplikací se léčebný plán skládal z perkutánní termické segmentektomie pomocí mikrovlnné ablace s balonkovou okluzí (baloon-occluded microwave abblation – b-MWA) a následné transarteriální chemoembolizace s balonkovou okluzí (balloon-occluded transarterial chemoembolization – b-TACE), přičemž došlo ke kompletní nekróze nádoru, jak ukázaly následných kontrolní snímky. Tento případ ukazuje, že b-MWA a b-TACE by mohly být bezpečnou a účinnou kombinovanou léčbou velkých neresekabilních lézí HCC, a to i u lézí s velikostí nad 3 cm. Závěr: Ačkoli se jedná o nepodložený případ, kterému přirozeně chybí srovnání nebo kontroly, zdůrazňuje potenciální hodnotu jednoho zákroku v podobě perkutánní termické segmentektomie pomocí b-MWA s následnou b-TACE při léčbě velkých neresekabilních solitárních lézí HCC.
Background: Solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a diameter of 3–5 cm represents a challenging clinical entity, especially for non-surgical candidates due to comorbidities. Case: A 74-year-old man with previous history of renal cell carcinoma presented with a new incidental solitary 5 cm liver lesion on MRI. Due to his age and a high risk for post-surgical complications, after multidisciplinary tumor board review the treatment plan consisted of percutaneous thermal segmentectomy using balloon-occluded microwave ablation (b-MWA) followed by balloon-occluded transarterial chemoembolization (b-TACE) with complete tumor necrosis, as evident in subsequent follow-up imaging. This case demonstrates that b-MWA plus b-TACE could be a safe and effective combined therapy for unresectable large HCC lesions, even for those exceeding 3 cm in size. Conclusion: Although the presented case is anecdotal and naturally without comparisons or control, it highlights the potential value of percutaneous thermal segmentectomy with a single session combined b-MWA followed by b-TACE for the treatment of large unresectable solitary HCC lesions.
BACKGROUND: Among inherited cardiomyopathies involving the left ventricle, whether dilated or not, certain genotypes carry a well-established arrhythmic risk, notably manifested as sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT). Nonetheless, the precise localization and electrophysiological profile of this substrate remain undisclosed across different genotypes. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and left ventricle involvement due to high-risk genetic variants and SMVT treated by electrophysiological study were recruited from 18 European/US centers. Electrophysiological study, imaging, and outcomes data after ablation were assessed in relation to genotype. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients were included (49.6 Q1-Q3 [40-60] years, 76% men). They were divided into 4 groups according to the affected protein: desmosomal (DSP, PKP2, DSG2, and DSC2), nuclear membrane (LMNA and TMEM43), cytoskeleton (FLNC and DES), and sarcoplasmic reticulum (PLN). Desmosomal genes, TMEM43, and PLN were associated with biventricular disease, while variants in LMNA and cytoskeleton genes had predominant left ventricle involvement (P=0.001). The location of the clinical-SMVT substrate was significantly different based on genotype (P=0.005). DSP and cytoskeleton genes presented SMVTs with right bundle branch block morphology, which origin was identified in the inferolateral segments of the left ventricle. The other desmosomal genes (PKP2 and DSG2), along with TMEM43, showed SMVTs with left bundle branch block morphology and predominantly right ventricular substrate. In contrast, LMNA substrate was mainly observed in the interventricular septum. During a median of 26 Q1-Q3 (10.6-65) months, 27% of patients experienced recurrences of clinical SMVT with differences between genotypes (log-rank 0.016). Nuclear membrane genes demonstrated the highest recurrence rate compared with desmosomal genes (hazard ratio, 4.56 [95% CI, 1.5-13.8]). CONCLUSIONS: The anatomic substrate of SMVTs shows a strong correlation with the underlying genotype, electrocardiographic morphology, and recurrence rate. Particularly, patients with nuclear membrane gene variants have a significantly higher recurrence rate compared with those with desmosomal gene variants.
- MeSH
- akční potenciály MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické MeSH
- fenotyp * MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
- genetické asociační studie MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- kardiomyopatie genetika patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- katetrizační ablace MeSH
- komorová tachykardie * genetika patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
AIMS: Catheter ablation is an effective treatment method for recurrent ventricular tachycardias (VTs). However, at least in part, procedural and clinical outcomes are limited by challenges in generating an adequate lesion size in the ventricular myocardium. We investigated procedural and clinical outcomes of VT ablation using a novel 'large-footprint' catheter that allows the creation of larger lesions either by radiofrequency (RF) or by pulsed field (PF) energy. METHODS AND RESULTS: In prospectively collected case series, we describe our initial experience with VT ablation using a lattice-tip, dual-energy catheter (Sphere-9, Medtronic), and a compatible proprietary electroanatomical mapping system (Affera, Medtronic). The study population consisted of 18 patients (aged 55 ± 15 years, one woman, structural heart disease: 94%, ischaemic heart disease: 56%, left ventricular ejection fraction: 34 ± 10%, electrical storm: 22%) with recurrent sustained VTs and ≥1 previously failed endocardial RF ablation with conventional irrigated-tip catheter in 66% of patients. On average, 12 ± 7 RF and 8 ± 9 PF applications were delivered per patient. In three-fourths of patients undergoing percutaneous epicardial ablation, spasms in coronary angiography were observed after PF applications. All resolved after intracoronary administration of nitrates. No acute phrenic nerve palsy was noted. One patient suffered from a stroke that resolved without sequelae. Post-ablation non-inducibility of VT was achieved in 89% of patients. Ventricular-arrhythmia-free survival at three months was 78%. CONCLUSION: VT ablation using a dual-energy lattice-tip catheter and a novel electroanatomical mapping system is feasible. It allows rapid mapping and effective substrate modification with good outcomes during short-term follow-up.
- MeSH
- akční potenciály MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické * MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * metody přístrojové vybavení škodlivé účinky MeSH
- komorová tachykardie * chirurgie patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční katétry * MeSH
- studie proveditelnosti * MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The reduction of fluoroscopic exposure during catheter ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias is widely adopted by experienced electrophysiology physicians with a relatively short learning curve and is becoming the standard of care in many parts of the world. While observational studies in the United States and some parts of Western Europe have evaluated the minimal fluoroscopic approach, there are scarce real-world data for this technique and the generalizability of outcomes in other economic regions. METHOD: The AALARA study is a prospective, observational, multicenter, and multinational open-label study. Patients were recruited from 13 countries across Central Eastern Europe, North and South Africa, the Middle East, and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), with different levels of operator expertise using minimal fluoroscopic exposure techniques. Data on radiation exposure, procedural success, complications, recurrence, and quality of life changes were collected and analyzed. RESULT: A total of 680 patients were enrolled and followed for 6 months. The majority were ablation naïve with the commonest arrhythmia ablated being typical AVNRT (58%) followed by Atrial Flutter (23%). Zero fluoroscopy exposure was observed in almost 90% of the cases. Fluoroscopy was most commonly used during the ablation phase of the procedure. We observed a high acute success rate (99%), a low complication rate (0.4%), and a 6-month recurrence rate of 3.8%. There was a significant improvement in the patient's symptoms and quality of life as measured by patient global assessment. CONCLUSION: The routine use of a 3D mapping system during right-sided ablation was associated with low radiation exposure and associated with high acute success rate, low complications, and recurrence rate along with significant improvement in quality of life. The data confirm the reproducibility of this approach in real-world settings across different healthcare systems, and operator experience supporting this approach to minimize radiation exposure without compromising efficacy and safety. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04716270.
- MeSH
- fluoroskopie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * metody MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- radiační expozice * MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- supraventrikulární tachykardie chirurgie MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
In the 30 years since Dr Sigwart's first pioneering procedures, alcohol septal ablation (ASA) has become the standard catheterisation procedure to reduce or eliminate obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract. This procedure reduces the pressure gradient by 70%-80%, and only 10%-20% of patients have a residual gradient > 30 mm Hg after ASA. The mortality rate of the procedure is < 1%, and ∼ 10% of patients require permanent pacemaker implantation for higher degrees of atrioventricular block. Given the potential risks, ASA should be performed only in centres with extensive experience in the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and with comprehensive therapeutic options, including myectomy. In the future, ASA is likely to be increasingly complemented by catheter-based mitral valve repair, which will increase its efficacy.
- MeSH
- ablace * metody trendy MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- ethanol * terapeutické užití MeSH
- hypertrofická kardiomyopatie * chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obstrukce výtoku ze srdeční komory * chirurgie MeSH
- předpověď MeSH
- srdeční septum chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Procedures /59 -- A3.4 Microsurgical Technique /65 -- A3.5 Endoscopic Technique /67 -- A3.6 Endovascular Techniques Surgical Treatment of Pain /227 -- B6.2.1 Anatomy and Physiology of Pain Perception /227 -- B6.2.2 Ablation Techniques /228 -- B6.2.3 Neuromodulation Techniques /229 -- B6.2.4 Trigeminal Neuralgia /230 -- B6.2.5
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (292 stran)
Anglická učebnice Neurosurgery je základním materiálem pro výuku oboru na lékařských fakultách pro studenty v anglickém studijním programu. Společně s přednáškami a praktickými cvičeními tvoří souhrn informací pro přípravu na zkoušku z neurochirurgie. Aktuální text s bohatou grafickou dokumentací poskytne informace i mladým rezidentům v oboru, pro něž může být zdrojem informací při studiu k atestaci z neurochirurgie. Kniha je členěna na část obecnou a speciální. V obecné části byl kladen důraz na neurologicko-neurochirurgickou propedeutiku, zejména na klinické vyšetření pacienta. Ve speciální části upozorňujeme na začlenění nové klasifikace CNS tumorů z roku 2021 a na moderní trendy v terapii cévních onemocnění mozku.
- Klíčová slova
- Chirurgie, ortopedie, traumatologie,
- MeSH
- neurochirurgie MeSH
- NLK Obory
- neurochirurgie
BACKGROUND: Cryoballoon ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) reduces procedure times, but limited data is available about its impact on electrophysiology (EP) lab efficiency in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Using CEE-specific procedure data, the present study modeled cryoballoon ablation procedures on EP lab resource consumption to improve efficiency. METHODS: A discrete event simulation model was developed to assess EP efficiency with cryoballoon ablation. Model inputs were taken from CEE sites within the Cryo Global Registry, namely Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia. The main endpoints were percentage of days that resulted in overtime and percentage of days with time for one extra simple EP procedure. Use of the 'figure of 8' (Fo8) closure technique to reduce procedure time was also examined. RESULTS: The mean lab occupancy time across all CEE sites was 133 ± 47 minutes (min: 104 minutes, max:181 minutes). Cryoballoon ablation in the base-case scenario resulted in 14.6% of days with overtime and 64.8% of days with time for an extra simple EP procedure. Use of the Fo8 closure technique enhanced these values to 5.5% and 85.3%, respectively. Model endpoints were most sensitive to changes in lab occupancy times and overtime start time. CONCLUSIONS: In this CEE-specific analysis of EP lab efficiency it was found that 3 cryoballoon ablation procedures could be performed in 1 lab day, leaving time for a 4th simple EP procedure on most days. As such, use cryoballoon ablation for PVI is an effective way to improve EP lab efficiency.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- délka operace MeSH
- elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické MeSH
- fibrilace síní * chirurgie patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- kryochirurgie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- registrace * MeSH
- venae pulmonales * chirurgie patofyziologie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- východní Evropa MeSH