• MeSH
• Interview, Psychological MeSH
• Clinical Medicine trends   MeSH
• Psychopathology MeSH
• Psychotherapy methods   MeSH
• Interviews as Topic methods   MeSH
• Publication type
• Monograph MeSH

• Conspectus
• Psychiatrie
• NML Fields
• psychiatrie
• psychologie, klinická psychologie

Supervize sestává se systematické spolupráce supervizora se supervizantem, která je vedena jako dialog bezpečným, otevřeným a objevným způsobem. Supervize v kognitivně behaviorální terapii je založena na stejných principech jako terapie. K objevování souvislostí používá supervizor řízené dotazování, ve kterém si supervizant může sám uvědomit i to, na co dříve nepomyslel, a jeho pochopení pacienta se prohlubuje a případně se může zásadně změnit. Během vedení rozhovoru pomáhá supervizor supervizantovi pomocí otázek porozumět širším souvislostem konceptualizace případů, ujasnit si přiměřené postupy v léčbě a uvědomit si přenosové i protipřenosové fenomény. V článku je demonstrováno několik rozhovorů supervizora se supervizanty při supervizních sezení s užitím Sokratovského rozhovoru.

Supervision consists of systematic cooperation of the supervisor with supervisee, which is conducted as a dialogue in a safe, open and discovery process. Supervision in cognitive behavioral therapy is based on the same principles as a CBT therapy. The supervisor uses guided discovery to map the context and relations in which supervisee may realize that previous understanding of the patient expands, deepens and sometimes may be changed dramatically. During the interview the supervisor helps supervisee by asking questions to understand the wider context of conceptualizing cases to clarify the appropriate treatment procedures and realize transference and countertransference phenomena. In this article we demonstrate leadership in several interviews of supervisor and supervisees by using Socratic dialogue.

• MeSH
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Transference, Psychology MeSH
• Psychotherapeutic Processes MeSH
• Interviews as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Cíl: Cílem sledování bylo zhodnotit efektivitu zavedených nefarmakologických aktivit na podporu a zachování kognitivních funkcí na ženském gerontopsychiatrickém oddělení psychiatrické léčebny v Kroměříži a zhodnotit spokojenost hospitalizovaných klientek s těmito aktivitami. Metodika: Na začátku a ke konci hospitalizace bylo použito škály Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) a testu kreslení hodin (CDT) k orientačnímu zhodnocení kognitivních funkcí a na závěr hospitalizace bylo použito řízeného rozhovoru. Výsledky: Ke konci hospitalizace nebylo prokázáno statisticky signifikantního zlepšení ve stavu kognitivních funkcí (krátké období pozorování je nejpravděpodobnějším důvodem). Klientky však hodnotí psychoterapeutické aktivity k ovlivnění kognitivních funkcí kladně. Závěr: Nefarmakologické postupy mají významné místo v léčbě demence a doplňují farmakologické i podpůrné léčebné postupy.

Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological approaches influencing cognitive functions that are used in routine practice in inpatient women psycho-geriatric ward in Mental hospital in Kromeriz. Furthermore the study tried to evaluate satisfaction with these activities in hospitalised clients. Methods: At the beginning and at the end of hospitalisation was used range of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to make an indicative assessment of cognitive functions, and at the end of hospitalization was used a controlled interview. Results: At the end of hospitalisation there was no significant evidence of improving cognitive functions (short period of research is the most probable reason). Nevertheless, psychotherapeutic activities were evaluated by clients positively. Conclusion: Nonpharmacological approaches have important position in treatment of dementia, together with pharmacological and support therapy.

• Keywords
• farmakologická léčba, nefarmakologické postupy, gerontopsychiatrie, MMSE, test kreslení hodin,
• MeSH
• Dementia prevention & control   rehabilitation   therapy   MeSH
• Geriatric Psychiatry methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Geriatric Nursing methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Psychotherapy methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Interviews as Topic MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Patient Satisfaction statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH

Diagnostika mírné kognitivní poruchy a syndromu demence v posledních letech získává na důležitosti v souvislosti se stárnutím populace. Při určení hloubky kognitivní poruchy bez ohledu na její etiologii jsou platná diagnostická kritéria popisující syndrom mírné kognitivní poruchy (z anglického mild cognitive impairment MCI) a syndrom demence. V praktické diagnostice stále nacházejí svou roli screeningové metody. Jejich pomocí dokážeme s určitou pravděpodobnostní odhadnout kognitivní stav pacienta. V tomto článku bychom rádi představili zásady screeningového klinického vyšetření kognice a užitečnost vybraných nejrozšířenějších screeningových metod v České republice. Věnujeme se zásadám rozhovoru při kognitivním vyšetření a problematice subjektivních stížností na kognici. Za nejdostupnější a nejpoužívanější krátké screeningové metody v ČR považujeme Mini-Mental State Examination a Montrealský kognitivní test, pozornost věnujeme klinickému využití stále hojně v praxi zastoupeného Testu hodin a dalších krátkých kognitivních zkoušek.

Diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and dementia syndrome has been of increasing importance in recent years in association with population ageing. When determining the degree of cognitive impairment regardless of its aetiology, the diagnostic criteria describing the syndrome of mild cognitive impairment and the dementia syndrome are applicable. Screening methods still play a role in practical diagnosis. They can be used to assess the patient's cognitive status with a certain degree of probability. This article aims at presenting the principles of a clinical screening test for cognition and the utility of selected most widely spread screening methods in the Czech Republic. It deals with the principles of cognitive testing interview and the issue of subjective cognitive complaints. The Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment are considered to be the most commonly used and available screening methods in the Czech Republic. Attention is also paid to the clinical use of the still widely used Clock Drawing Test and other short cognitive tests.

• MeSH
• Dementia * diagnosis   prevention & control   MeSH
• Cognitive Dysfunction * diagnosis   prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neuropsychological Tests * MeSH
• Mass Screening MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Psychological Tests MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Diagnostika mírné kognitivní poruchy a syndromu demence v posledních letech získává na důležitosti v souvislosti se stárnutím populace. Při určení hloubky kognitivní poruchy bez ohledu na její etiologii jsou platná diagnostická kritéria popisující syndrom mírné kognitivní poruchy (z anglického mild cognitive impairment MCI) a syndrom demence. V praktické diagnostice stále nacházejí svou roli screeningové metody. Jejich pomocí dokážeme s určitou pravděpodobnostní odhadnout kognitivní stav pacienta. V tomto článku bychom rádi představili zásady screeningového klinického vyšetření kognice a užitečnost vybraných nejrozšířenějších screeningových metod v České republice. Věnujeme se zásadám rozhovoru při kognitivním vyšetření a problematice subjektivních stížností na kognici. Za nejdostupnější a nejpoužívanější krátké screeningové metody v ČR považujeme Mini-Mental State Examination a Montrealský kognitivní test, pozornost věnujeme klinickému využití stále hojně v praxi zastoupeného Testu hodin a dalších krátkých kognitivních zkoušek.

Diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and dementia syndrome has been of increasing importance in recent years in association with population ageing. When determining the degree of cognitive impairment regardless of its aetiology, the diagnostic criteria describing the syndrome of mild cognitive impairment and the dementia syndrome are applicable. Screening methods still play a role in practical diagnosis. They can be used to assess the patient's cognitive status with a certain degree of probability. This article aims at presenting the principles of a clinical screening test for cognition and the utility of selected most widely spread screening methods in the Czech Republic. It deals with the principles of cognitive testing interview and the issue of subjective cognitive complaints. The Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment are considered to be the most commonly used and available screening methods in the Czech Republic. Attention is also paid to the clinical use of the still widely used Clock Drawing Test and other short cognitive tests.

• MeSH
• Dementia * diagnosis   prevention & control   MeSH
• Cognitive Dysfunction * diagnosis   prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neuropsychological Tests * MeSH
• Mass Screening MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Psychological Tests MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

The is contribution deals with diff erences and similarities in perceiving drama-therapy in patients with neurotic disorder in the context of psychiatric treatment. The first goal ascertains if there are diff erences in assessment of dramatherapy according to the membership of dynamic or cognitive-behavioural group. The second goal ascertains diff erences during the fi rst therapeutic session. Th e research assemblage was created by 57 patients from dynamic and cognitive-behavioural (KBT) groups from two mental hospitals in the Czech Republic. Data were gained by two-factor semantic diff erential and they were statistically assessed by a t-test (and further amended by qualitative group interviews). Conclusions have shown that the membership of patients of dynamic or KBT group has not an impact on their assessment of dramatherapeutic process.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Factor Analysis, Statistical MeSH
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neurotic Disorders * classification   therapy   MeSH
• Perception MeSH
• Psychodrama * history   classification   methods   MeSH
• Interviews as Topic MeSH
• Semantic Differential MeSH
• Psychotherapy, Group history   classification   methods   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Hospitals, Psychiatric MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Evaluation Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• MeSH
• Dementia diagnosis   pathology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Atrial Fibrillation pathology   MeSH
• Risk Assessment MeSH
• Cognition Disorders diagnosis   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neurobehavioral Manifestations MeSH
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH

• MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus psychology   MeSH
• Epidemiology statistics & numerical data   trends   MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Interview, Psychological methods   standards   MeSH
• Cognition Disorders diagnosis   etiology   complications   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neuropsychological Tests standards   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Comparative Study MeSH

Aim: The aim of this article is to investigate and describe the coping strategies of elderly widows. Theoretical base: The grieving process is well described in the literature. However, in real life, it is always necessary to respect the uniqueness of the process for each individual. Most previous studies have focused on difficulties of the bereaved and their risk of dying. More recently, the strengths of the bereaved and how they develop have also been emphasised. A dual-proces model of coping with bereavement was used. It is based on loss-oriented and restoration-oriented strategies and the oscillation between them. In the Czech context, there is a lack of research based on this dual-process model describing coping strategies after the loss of a loved one. Methods: The paper presents the results of ethically demanding research using semi-structured interviews with 15 elderly widows. The authors based the model on a questionnaire survey using a qualitative methodology because of the aspiration to describe the strategies of individual women in detail. Results: The output is a description of coping strategies, categorized into loss- and recovery-oriented approaches, used by elderly women to navigate the period following their partner's death. Conclusion: Describing how the women interviewed have coped with their challenging life situation could inspire not only other elderly women but also their relatives and aid workers who come into contact with this target group.

• MeSH
• Adaptation, Psychological MeSH
• Coping Skills * methods   MeSH
• Qualitative Research MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Spouses psychology   MeSH
• Interviews as Topic MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Death MeSH
• Widowhood psychology   MeSH
• Grief MeSH
• Self Report MeSH
• Bereavement * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

We aimed to validate the Czech version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). The MCCB is a test battery designed to assess cognitive treatment effects in clinical trials of patients with schizophrenia. The valid, reliable and replicable measurement of cognition in schizophrenia is of substantial importance for such clinical trial studies. We performed a psychometric analysis of the MCCB composite and domain scores based on ROC analysis of 67 schizophrenia patients and 67 age- and education-matched healthy controls from a total sample of 220 controls. Also, we correlated MCCB variables with scales measuring psychosocial functioning (Personal and Social Performance scale; PSP). The internal consistency of all 10 tests in the MCCB battery was good (Cronbach's α = 0.85 (95% CI [0.83, 0.88])). The discriminative validity for the detection of neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia based on the area under the curve of MCCB composite T-score was ≥90% (95% CI [0.85, 0.96]) and all MCCB domains showed ps < .001. The MCCB global composite and the Speed of Processing domain score significantly predicted the PSP ratings. A confirmatory factor analysis on the whole control sample (N = 220) showed an optimal fit for a 6-factor in comparison to 1-factor solution. In conclusion, we found high discriminative validity for the Czech MCCB version, similar to the differentiation of schizophrenia versus healthy control groups in the original MCCB studies. We also established the factorial validity of the MCCB and showed that the overall composite of the MCCB predicts psychosocial functioning in the patient group.

• MeSH
• Cognition MeSH
• Consensus MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Neuropsychological Tests MeSH
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales MeSH
• Schizophrenic Psychology MeSH
• Schizophrenia * complications   diagnosis   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH