electrochemical immunosensor Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
A hapten-protein conjugate with copper nanoparticles (Hap-Car-BSA@CuNPs) was first synthesized in the present work for the determination of carbaryl. The copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) of the conjugate were used as electrochemical labels in the direct solid-phase competitive determination of carbaryl residues in flour from different crops. The signal was read by linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) of copper (through the electrochemical stripping of accumulated elemental copper) on a gold-graphite electrode (GGE). To form a recognition receptor layer of monoclonal antibodies against the carbaryl on the surface of the GGE, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and 1-hydroxy-2,5-pyrrolidinedione (NHS) were used as the best covalent cross-linkers. The concentrations of the antibodies and the Hap-Car-BSA@CuNPs conjugate were optimized for carbaryl detection by the electrochemical immunosensor. The electrochemical immunosensor can be used for highly sensitive determination of carbaryl residues in flour samples in the concentration range 0.8-32.3 μg·kg-1, with a limit of detection 0.08 μg·kg-1. The present work paves the path for a novel method for monitoring carbaryl in other food products, drinks, and soil samples.
A novel microfluidic label-free bead-based metallothionein immunosensors was designed. To the surface of superparamagnetic agarose beads coated with protein A, polyclonal chicken IgY specifically recognizing metallothionein (MT) were immobilized via rabbit IgG. The Brdicka reaction was used for metallothionein detection in a microfluidic printed 3D chip. The assembled chip consisted of a single copper wire coated with a thin layer of amalgam as working electrode. Optimization of MT detection using designed microfluidic chip was performed in stationary system as well as in the flow arrangement at various flow rates (0-1800 μL/min). In stationary arrangement it is possible to detect MT concentrations up to 30 ng/mL level, flow arrangement allows reliable detection of even lower concentration (12.5 ng/mL). The assembled miniature flow chip was subsequently tested for the detection of MT elevated levels (at approx. level 100 μg/mL) in samples of patients with cancer. The stability of constructed device for metallothionein detection in flow arrangement was found to be several days without any maintenance needed.
- MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- imobilizační protilátky chemie metabolismus MeSH
- imunoglobulin G chemie metabolismus MeSH
- imunoglobuliny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- imunomagnetická separace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metalothionein krev MeSH
- nádory hlavy a krku krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Screen-printed platinum electrodes as transducer and magnetic beads as solid phase were combined to develop a particle-based electrochemical immunosensor for monitoring the serious food allergen ovalbumin. The standard arrangement of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay became the basis for designing the immunosensor. A sandwich-type immunocomplex was formed between magnetic particles functionalized with specific anti-ovalbumin immunoglobulin G and captured ovalbumin molecules, and secondary anti-ovalbumin antibodies conjugated with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase were subsequently added as label tag. The electrochemical signal proportional to the enzymatic reaction of horseradish peroxidase during the reduction of hydrogen peroxide with thionine as electron mediator was measured by linear sweep voltammetry. The newly established method of ovalbumin detection exhibits high sensitivity suitable for quantification in the range of 11 to 222nM and a detection limit of 5nM. Magnetic beads-based assay format using external magnets for rapid and simple separation has been proven to be an excellent basis for electrochemical detection and quantification of food allergens in highly complex sample matrices.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- elektrická vodivost MeSH
- elektrochemie MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- imobilizační protilátky chemie imunologie MeSH
- imunoanalýza přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- magnety chemie MeSH
- mikrosféry * MeSH
- ovalbumin škodlivé účinky analýza MeSH
- platina chemie MeSH
- potravinová alergie metabolismus MeSH
- transport elektronů MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
nestr.
As there are millions of cancer deaths every year, it is of great value to identify applicable prognostic biomarkers. It is now accepted that overexpression of chromosomal protein HMGB1 is significantly associated with poorer survival of cancer patients. Available data suggest that determination of HMGB1 level in sera of cancer patients represents a very useful prognostic factor and potential biomarker for survival in cancer, including leukemia. Development of novel and more precise methods for quantitative determination of HMGB1 levels in serum is therefore of great importance for the clinics. This proposal is aimed at developing an electrochemical immunosensor (with Au-based electrodes, nanomaterials and specific monoclonal antibodies) for the rapid, accurate and cost-effective detection of HMGB1 levels in serum of patients with different forms of leukemia. Rapid knowledge of HMGB1 level in sera of leukemia patients will enable physicians to evaluate the treatment success, disease progression, as well as to propose alternative treatment strategies.
Vzhledem k vysokému počtu úmrtí pacientů trpících nádorovým onemocněním představuje nalezení vhodného biomarkeru velikou výhodu pro včasnou detekci nemoci. Zvýšená exprese proteinu HMGB1 je obecně spojována s horší prognózou přežití u pacientů trpících nádorovým onemocněním. Současný výzkum prokázal, že stanovení hladiny HMGB1 v krevním séru nabízí užitečný prognostický nástroj a potenciální biomarker přežití pacientů s leukémií. Z toho důvodu má vývoj nové a přesnější metody stanovení hladiny HMGB1 v séru velký význam pro klinickou praxi. Cílem předkládaného návrhu je vyvinout elektrochemický imunosenzor (s elektrodami na bázi Au s použitím nanomateriálů s navázanými specifickými monoklonálními protilátkami) pro rychlou, přesnou a cenově přijatelnou detekci hladiny HMGB1 u pacientů s různými formami leukémie. Znalost hladiny HMGB1 v krevním séru pacientů trpících leukémií umožní lékařům rycheji zhodnotit úspěšnost léčby, progresi onemocnění a popřípadě navrhnout alternativní strategii léčby.
- Klíčová slova
- sérum, serum, leukémie, leukemia, HMGB1, elektrochemický imunosenzor, diagnostická metoda, HMGB1, electrochemical immunosensor, diagnostic method,
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Elektrochemická analýza nukleových kyselin, bílkovin i polysacharidů představuje zajímavou, i když zatím méně používanou alternativu ve srovnání se stávajícími metodami založenými zejména na optické detekci. Nabízí totiž relativně levnou, rychlou a přístrojově nenáročnou možnost paralelní detekce na miniaturizovaných čipech, ideální pro personalizovanou medicínu 21. století. Elektrochemie nukleových kyselin umožňuje např. detekci konkrétních sekvencí DNA (pro určení genů, stanovení přítomnosti bakterií a virů, atd.), analýzu poškození DNA a interakcí s jinými molekulami, DNA metylaci, nebo detekci mikroRNA jako nádorových biomarkerů. V elektrochemii bílkovin je v současnosti kladen důraz zejména na konstrukci tzv. imunosenzorů schopných detekce konkrétních proteinů (antigenů) pomocí jejich vazby na protilátku, s potenciálem pro diagnostiku. Z biofyzikálního hlediska je zajímavý vlastní elektrokatalytický signál bílkovin citlivý k jejich konformačním změnám, který by mohl nalézt uplatnění při rozlišení mutantních forem proteinů (např. u p53) nebo při jejich agregaci (α-synuklein v případě Parkinsonovy nemoci), popřípadě při studiu interakcí s nízkomolekulárními látkami či DNA. Díky zvýšenému zájmu o glykoproteiny se začínají objevovat elektrochemické práce zabývající se detekcí oligo-sacharidů a polysacharidů (tzv. glykanů, pokud jsou součástí bílkovin), a to pomocí elektroaktivních značek specifických pro sacharidy anebo konstrukcí lektinových biosenzorů využívajících lektinů, které se silně váží právě na glykany. Elektrochemická analýza se tak jeví jako zajímavý nástroj v současném výzkumu na poli genomiky, proteomiky i glykomiky, včetně diagnostiky nádorových onemocnění.
Electrochemical analysis of nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides represents an interesting, although not widely spread alternative to current methods based predominantly on optical detection because it offers a relatively inexpensive, fast and instrumentally simple detection of parallel samples on miniaturized chips, ideal for personalized medicine of the 21st century. Nucleic acid electrochemistry enables, for example, detection of specific DNA sequences (for determination of genes or presence of bacteria and viruses, etc.), DNA damage analysis and interaction with other molecules, DNA methylation or detection of microRNAs as potential cancer biomarkers. In the electrochemistry of proteins, great emphasis is put on construction of immunosensors for capturing specific proteins (antigens) using antibodies, suitable for diagnostics. From a biophysical point of view, intrinsic electrocatalytic signal of proteins sensitive to conformational changes could be useful in discrimination of mutant proteins (e. g. p53), native and aggregated forms (α-synuclein in Parkinson‘s disease) or for studies of protein interactions with low molecular‑weight ligands and DNA. Due to an increased interest of scientists in glycoproteins, new electrochemical papers emerged aiming at detection of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (i.e. glycans, when part of the protein). These assays employ for instance electroactive labels specific for saccharides or lectin biosensors using lectins which strongly bind glycans. Electrochemical analysis thus appears as an interesting tool in current genomics, proteomics and glycomics, as well as for cancer diagnostics. Key words: electrochemistry – electrodes – nucleic acid hybridization – DNA sensors – electrocatalysis – biological markers This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation projects No. P301/11/2055 (to EP) and 14-24931P (to MB), by the European Regional Development Fund and the State Budget of the Czech Republic (RECAMO, CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0101) and by MH CZ – DRO (MMCI, 00209805). The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers. Submitted: 15. 1. 2014 Accepted: 27. 2. 2014
- Klíčová slova
- elektrokatalýza, DNA senzory,
- MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky * dějiny metody trendy MeSH
- elektrochemie MeSH
- hybridizace nukleových kyselin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery analýza MeSH
- nukleové kyseliny * analýza MeSH
- polysacharidy * analýza MeSH
- proteiny * analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A new simple electrochemical immunosensor approach for the determination of antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in immunological products was developed and tested. The assay is performed by detecting the silver reduction signal in the bioconjugates with antibodies (Ab@AgNP). Here, signal is read by cathodic linear sweep voltammetry (CLSV) through the detection of silver chloride reduction on a gold-carbon composite electrode (GCCE). Covalent immobilization of the antigen on the electrode surface was performed after thiolation and glutarization of the GCCE. Specific attention has been paid to the selection of conditions for stabilizing both the silver nanoparticles and their Ab@AgNP. A simple flocculation test with NaCl was used to select the concentration of antibodies, and the additional stabilizer bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used for Ab@AgNP preparation. The antibodies to TBEV were quantified in the range from 50 IU·mL-1 to 1600 IU·mL-1, with a detection limit of 50 IU·mL-1. The coefficient of determination (r2) is 0.989. The electrochemical immunosensor was successfully applied to check the quality of immunological products containing IgG antibodies to TBEV. The present work paves the path for a novel method for monitoring TBEV in biological fluids.
- MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky metody MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- imunoanalýza metody MeSH
- klíšťová encefalitida diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- protilátky virové imunologie MeSH
- sérový albumin hovězí MeSH
- skot MeSH
- spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- viry klíšťové encefalitidy imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This work reports for the first time a significantly improved and simplified electrochemical immunoassay to detect antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) using a 96-well microtiter plate as a platform for immobilization and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as electrochemical labels. The electrochemical assay is performed by detecting the elemental silver oxidation signal where the electroactive signalling silver species are released from the bioconjugates (Ab@AgNP, AbS@AgNP, and ProteinA@AgNP). For this purpose, AgNPs were synthesized and further tagged with biomolecules (antibodies to TBEV, cleaved antibodies to TBEV, and protein A). Signal is read by linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) of silver ions (through the electrochemical stripping of accumulated elemental silver) on a graphite electrode (GE). AbS@AgNP was chosen as the best option for the new electrochemical immunoassay. The results of electrochemical measurements demonstrated that voltammetric signal increased with the increasing concentration of target antibodies to TBEV within the range from 100 to 1600 IU mL-1, with a detection limit of 90 IU mL-1. To verify the practical application of the novel electrochemical immunosensor, the quantity of immunoglobulins against TBEV in human serum was checked. The results may contribute to the development of alternative methods for monitoring TBEV in biological fluids.
- MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky metody MeSH
- imunoanalýza metody MeSH
- klíšťová encefalitida diagnóza virologie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky virové analýza MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH
- viry klíšťové encefalitidy imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A novel enzyme-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed for highly sensitive detection and quantification of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in human serum. For the first time, core/shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots were conjugated with anti-HE4 IgG antibodies for subsequent sandwich-type immunosensing with superparamagnetic microparticles functionalized with anti-HE4 IgG antibodies, which allow rapid and efficient HE4 capture from the sample. Electrochemical detection of anti-HE4 IgG - HE4 - anti-HE4 IgGCdSe/ZnS immunocomplex was performed by recording the current response of Cd(II) ions, released from dissolved quantum dots at screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE), modified with mercury or bismuth film. The linear range of the detection was from 20 pM to 40 nM with limit of detection of 12 pM using three times the standard deviation of blank criterion at mercury-film SPCE and from 100 pM to 2 nM with limit of detection of 89 pM at bismuth-film SPCE. Proposed electrochemical immunosensor meets the requirements for fast and sensitive quantification of HE4 biomarker in early stage of ovarian cancer and due to the proper sensitivity and specificity presents a promising alternative to enzyme-based probes used routinely in clinical diagnostics.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky * MeSH
- bismut chemie MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky * MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- imunoanalýza * MeSH
- imunokonjugáty chemie metabolismus MeSH
- kvantové tečky chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev genetika MeSH
- nádory vaječníků krev diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- proteiny analýza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- protilátky chemie metabolismus MeSH
- rtuť chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny kadmia chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny zinku chemie MeSH
- uhlík chemie MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This paper reports on the synthesis and characterization of a novel electrochemical label for sensitive electrochemical stripping metalloimmunoassays based on silver dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs). Silver dendrimer nanocomposites (Ag-DNCs) were synthesized from a generation 5-7 (G5-7) hydroxyl-terminated ethylenediamine-core-type (2-carbon core) PAMAM dendrimer. Several fixed ratios of Ag(+)/dendrimer were prepared with the aim to obtain stable nanocomposites with maximal silver loading in the interior of a polymeric shell. Synthesized Ag-DNCs were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The G7 Ag-DNC synthesized in 2000 molar excess of silver (1/4 ratio of tertiary amine/Ag(+)) turned out a more suitable candidate for the label development. By combination of the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and the anodic stripping analysis (ASV) on a carbon electrode, down to 1.35 x 10(+10) of individual Ag-DNCs (LOD=0.9 pM, 25 ml volume) was detected after the dissolution of silver nanoparticles in a diluted nitric acid. The potential advantages of proposed electrochemical label are discussed.
- MeSH
- analýza selhání vybavení MeSH
- barvení a značení metody MeSH
- biokompatibilní potahované materiály chemie MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- dendrimery chemie MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektrochemie přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- imunoanalýza přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nanotechnologie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH