Úvod: Karcinóm krčka maternice (CC) je štvrtým najčastejším nádorovým ochorením v populácii žien. V procese karcinogenézy tohto ochorenia zohrávajú okrem HPV významnú úlohu aj ďalšie faktory ako miRNA. Práve tieto molekuly sa javia ako možné biomarkery nádorového ochorenia krčka maternice. Metodológia: V databáze PubMed sme vyhľadali práce uverejnené v anglickom jazyku publikované v časovom horizonte rokov 2014 až 2021. Články boli vyhľadané podľa kľúčových slov: (“miR-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“miRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“microRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“cervical cancer” [Title/Abstract]), (“biomarker” [Title/Abstract]). Podľa kľúčových slov bol vytvorený prehľad 35 prác, pričom 2 práce demonštrovali tzv. overexpresiu miR-21 pri postihnutí inými malignitami ako CC a dve práce popisovali možné použitie nových nástrojov na identifikáciu miR-21. Šesť prehľadových prác bolo vyradených a zvyšných 25 článkov sme starostlivo študovali. Výsledok: Celkovo bolo odobratých 367 vzoriek tkaniva CC, 45 cerviko-vaginálnych laváží a 25 krvných vzoriek odobratých od pacientok s potvrdeným CC. Vo všetkých vzorkách bola potvrdená overexpresia miR-21. Dvanásť prác, okrem potvrdenia úlohy miR-21 v procese cervikálnej karcinogenézy, tiež popisovalo úlohu tejto miRNA v procese šírenia metastáz do lymfatických uzlín a vzniku rezistencie na chemorádioterapiu. Záver: Preukázaná zvýšená miera expresie miR-21 u pacientok s nádorovým ochorením krčka maternice a rozpoznanie signálnych dráh ovplyvnených touto molekulou, poukazuje na možnosť použitia miR-21 ako vhodného, neinvazívneho markera karcinómu krčka maternice.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women. Except for HPV, other factors as miRNAs play an important role in carcinogenesis. There were found specific patterns of miRNA, which make them possible tumor biomarkers of CC. Methods: We searched for studies published in the English language in the PubMed database from 2014 to 2021. The following medical subject headings were used: (“miR-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“miRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“microRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“cervical cancer” [Title/Abstract]), (“biomarker” [Title/Abstract]). Only studies that were published as full-text journal articles were used and carefully checked. According to keywords, 35 studies were reviewed. Among them, 2 studies demonstrated overexpression of miR-21 also in other malignancies, and 2 studies described new potential tools for identifying miR-21 as a cancer biomarker. Six review studies were excluded. The last 25 works were reviewed. Results: Totally, in all articles in our table, it was taken 367 samples of CC tissue samples, 45 cervicovaginal lavages, and 25 blood samples in patients with confirmed CC. In all samples of patients with CC, overexpression of miR-21 was confirmed. We reviewed 12 other studies that confirm the role of miR-21 in the development of cervical lesions, but also in the spread of lymph node metastasis and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Conclusion: Demonstrated overexpression of miR-21 in CC cells and recognizing the signaling pathways affected by this molecule suggests using the miR-21 as a suitable non-invasive biomarker of CC.

Úvod: Karcinóm krčka maternice (CC) je štvrtým najčastejším nádorovým ochorením v populácii žien. V procese karcinogenézy tohto ochorenia zohrávajú okrem HPV významnú úlohu aj ďalšie faktory ako miRNA. Práve tieto molekuly sa javia ako možné biomarkery nádorového ochorenia krčka maternice. Metodológia: V databáze PubMed sme vyhľadali práce uverejnené v anglickom jazyku publikované v časovom horizonte rokov 2014 až 2021. Články boli vyhľadané podľa kľúčových slov: (“miR-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“miRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“microRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“cervical cancer” [Title/Abstract]), (“biomarker” [Title/Abstract]). Podľa kľúčových slov bol vytvorený prehľad 35 prác, pričom 2 práce demonštrovali tzv. overexpresiu miR-21 pri postihnutí inými malignitami ako CC a dve práce popisovali možné použitie nových nástrojov na identifikáciu miR-21. Šesť prehľadových prác bolo vyradených a zvyšných 25 článkov sme starostlivo študovali. Výsledok: Celkovo bolo odobratých 367 vzoriek tkaniva CC, 45 cerviko-vaginálnych laváží a 25 krvných vzoriek odobratých od pacientok s potvrdeným CC. Vo všetkých vzorkách bola potvrdená overexpresia miR-21. Dvanásť prác, okrem potvrdenia úlohy miR-21 v procese cervikálnej karcinogenézy, tiež popisovalo úlohu tejto miRNA v procese šírenia metastáz do lymfatických uzlín a vzniku rezistencie na chemorádioterapiu. Záver: Preukázaná zvýšená miera expresie miR-21 u pacientok s nádorovým ochorením krčka maternice a rozpoznanie signálnych dráh ovplyvnených touto molekulou, poukazuje na možnosť použitia miR-21 ako vhodného, neinvazívneho markera karcinómu krčka maternice.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women. Except for HPV, other factors as miRNAs play an important role in carcinogenesis. There were found specific patterns of miRNA, which make them possible tumor biomarkers of CC. Methods: We searched for studies published in the English language in the PubMed database from 2014 to 2021. The following medical subject headings were used: (“miR-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“miRNA-21” [Title/ Abstract]), (“microRNA-21” [Title/Abstract]), (“cervical cancer” [Title/Abstract]), (“biomarker” [Title/Abstract]). Only studies that were published as full-text journal articles were used and carefully checked. According to keywords, 35 studies were reviewed. Among them, 2 studies demonstrated overexpression of miR-21 also in other malignancies, and 2 studies described new potential tools for identifying miR-21 as a cancer biomarker. Six review studies were excluded. The last 25 works were reviewed. Results: Totally, in all articles in our table, it was taken 367 samples of CC tissue samples, 45 cervicovaginal lavages, and 25 blood samples in patients with confirmed CC. In all samples of patients with CC, overexpression of miR-21 was confirmed. We reviewed 12 other studies that confirm the role of miR-21 in the development of cervical lesions, but also in the spread of lymph node metastasis and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Conclusion: Demonstrated overexpression of miR-21 in CC cells and recognizing the signaling pathways affected by this molecule suggests using the miR-21 as a suitable non-invasive biomarker of CC.

OBJECTIVES: Development and metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are characterized by multiple genetic alterations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed regulatory noncoding RNAs. Previous, mainly preclinical studies showed altered expression levels of several miRNAs in CRC. METHODS: In our study, the expression levels of miR-21, miR-31, miR-143 and miR-145 in 29 primary colorectal carcinomas and 6 non-tumor adjacent tissue specimens were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. miRNA expression levels were also correlated with commonly used clinicopath-ologic features of CRC. RESULTS: Expression levels of analyzed miRNAs significantly differed among tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissues: miR-21 (p = 0.0001) and miR-31 (p = 0.0006) were upregulated, and miR-143 (p = 0.011) and miR-145 (p = 0.003) were downregulated in tumors. For the first time, a high expression of miR-21 was associated with lymph node positivity (p = 0.025) and the development of distant metastases (p = 0.009) in CRC patients. Thus, expression of miR-21 correlated with CRC clinical stage (p = 0.032). Furthermore, tumors >50 mm in maximal tumor diameter were characterized by lower expression of miR-143 (p = 0.006) and miR-145 (p = 0.003). We found no correlation between analyzed miRNAs and serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest possible roles of miR-21, miR-31, miR-143 and miR-145 in CRC. (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel

• MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• kolorektální nádory genetika   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The Aim of this study was to evaluate the expression levels of miR-21, miR-221, miR-150, let-7a and miR-126a in peripheral blood of 71 patients with colorectal cancer and 80 matched healthy control individuals. We determined expression levels of these microRNAs in peripheral blood samples and used small nucleolar RNA (RNU48) as an internal control. Expression levels of miR-21 (p<0.0001) and miR-221 (p<0.0001) were significantly higher, whereas expression levels of miR-150 (p=0.0054) were significantly lower in the blood samples of patients with colorectal cancer in comparison to the control group. The combination of these three microRNAs enabled us to distinguish patients with colorectal cancer from healthy donors with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 74% (p<0.0001). We did not observe any correlation of the studied microRNAs with clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer, indicating that expression of these microRNAs is more likely related to the host response to the tumour than the tumour itself.

• MeSH
• kolorektální nádory krev   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer is the malignant tumor with very poor prognosis and increasing incidence often diagnosed at very late stage, so the prognosis of affected patients is unsatisfactory, despite the development of therapeutic option such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Consequently, there is a great need for biomarkers to allow a tailored multimodality approach with increased efficiency. Altered expression of microRNAs has been reported in wide range of malignancies, including esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the expression levels of candidate microRNAs in esophageal cancer and evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic potential. FINDINGS: Using quantitative real-time PCR, expression levels of 9 candidate microRNAs were examined in 62 tissue samples, 23 esophageal adenocarcinomas, 22 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and 17 adjacent esophageal mucosa samples. MicroRNA expression levels were further analyzed in regards to clinico-pathological features of esophageal cancer patients. We observed significantly decreased levels of miR-203 and increased levels of miR-21 in adenocarcinoma tissues when compared to normal mucosa. MiR-29c and miR-148 indicated good ability to distinguish between histological subtypes of esophageal cancer. MiR-203 and miR-148 were linked to disease-free survival and overall survival in esophageal adenocarcinoma patients, and miR-148 also in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that altered expression of miR-21, miR-29c, miR-148 and miR-203 are related to neoplastic transformation and progression of the disease and these microRNAs could serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in esophageal cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/4646922201567057.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery analýza   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory jícnu diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom diagnóza   genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy with late presentation, metastatic potential and very poor prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Altered expression of microRNAs has been reported in wide range of malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of selected microRNAs in normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues and evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic potential. FINDINGS: Using quantitative real-time PCR, expression levels of 4 microRNAs were examined in 74 tumor tissues, 18 tissues of chronic pancreatitis and 9 adjacent normal tissues and correlated with clinicopathological features of patients. Expression levels of miR-21, miR-34a and miR-198 were significantly higher, whereas levels of miR-217 were significantly lower in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas compared to healthy tissues and tissues of chronic pancreatitis. Moreover, increased expression of miR-21 and miR-198 was significantly associated with shorter disease free survival and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that altered expression of examined microRNAs is related to neoplastic transformation and progression of the disease and these microRNAs could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1373952531543898.

• MeSH
• chronická pankreatitida diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duktální karcinom pankreatu diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery analýza   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIM: In Western countries, most patients with gastric cancer (GC) present in advanced stages. Therefore, there is imminent clinical need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Deregulation of microRNAs has been reported as a frequent event in GC development in a number of studies. Our study validated the potential of microRNAs to serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients with GC from the Central European population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, expression levels of six microRNAs (miR-10b, -21, -93, -107, - 143, and -145) were examined in 67 tumor tissues and 67 paired adjacent gastric tissues, and correlated with clinicopathological features of GC patients. RESULTS: Expression levels of miR-10b, miR-21, miR-93, and miR-107 were significantly higher in GC samples compared to non-tumor tissue. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-10b, miR-143, and miR-145 positively correlated with advanced stages, and increased expression of miR-10b, miR-21 and miR-145 was significantly associated with worse prognosis of gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that selected tissue microRNAs have the potential to serve as relevant diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of GC in a central European population.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery genetika   MeSH
• nádory žaludku genetika   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently occurring primary malignant brain tumor; patients with GBM often have a very poor prognosis and differing responses to treatment. Therefore, it is very important to find new biomarkers that can predict clinical outcomes and help in treatment decisions. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play a key role in the pathogenesis of GBM. In a group of 38 patients with primary GBM, we analyzed the expression of eight microRNAs (miR-21, miR-128a, miR-181c, miR-195, miR-196a, miR-196b, miR-221, and miR-222). In addition, we examined the methylation status of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter by high-resolution melting analysis, as this has been shown to be a predictive marker in GBM. MGMT methylation status correlated with progression-free survival (P = 0.0201; log-rank test) as well as with overall survival (P = 0.0054; log-rank test). MiR-195 (P = 0.0124; log-rank test) and miR-196b (P = 0.0492; log-rank test) positively correlated with overall survival. Evaluation of miR-181c in combination with miR-21 predicted time to progression within 6 months of diagnosis with 92% sensitivity and 81% specificity (P < 0.0001). Our data confirmed that the methylation status of MGMT but also miR-21, miR-181c, miR-195, and miR-196b to be associated with survival of GBM patients. Above all, we suggest that the combination of miR-181c and miR-21 could be a very sensitive and specific test to identify patients at high risk of early progression after surgery.

• MeSH
• DNA modifikační methylasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• enzymy opravy DNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• glioblastom diagnóza   genetika   metabolismus   mortalita   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metylace DNA MeSH
• mikro RNA biosyntéza   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové supresorové proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory mozku diagnóza   genetika   metabolismus   mortalita   MeSH
• přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

MicroRNAs, which are endogenously expressed regulatory noncoding RNAs, have an altered expression in colorectal cancer. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship of miR-21 and miR-143 expression to the prognostic/clinicopathological features of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and colorectal liver metastases (CLM). The estimation was performed in 46 paired (tumor and control) tissue samples of CRC. Further, we studied 30 tissue samples of CLM. MiR-21 and miR-143 expressions were quantified by using the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Relation of miR-21 and miR-143 expression to disease-free interval (DFI) (Wilcoxon; P = 0.0026 and P = 0.0191, respectively) was recorded. There was shorter DFI in patients with a higher expression of miR-21 and, surprisingly, also in patients with a higher expression of miR-143, which is a putative tumor suppressor. There was a higher expression of miR-21 and lower expression of miR-143 in CRC tissue in comparison with adjacent normal colon tissue (P < 0.0001; P < 0.0001, respectively). Similarly, we observed a higher expression of miR-21 and a lower expression of miR-143 in CLM in comparison with normal colon tissue (P < 0.0001; P < 0.0001, respectively). Our results support the hypothesis about oncogenic function of miR-21 and show its relation to DFI. The role of miR-143 in carcinogenesis seems to be more complex.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kolorektální nádory genetika   patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA analýza   fyziologie   MeSH
• nádory jater sekundární   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

MiR-21 is being gradually more and more recognized as a molecule regulating bone tissue homeostasis. However, its function is not fully understood due to the dual role of miR-21 on bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-21 inhibition on pre-osteoblastic cells differentiation and paracrine signaling towards pre-osteoclasts using indirect co-culture model of mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3) and pre-osteoclast (4B12) cell lines. The inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells (MC3T3inh21) modulated expression of genes encoding osteogenic markers including collagen type I (Coll-1), osteocalcin (Ocl), osteopontin (Opn), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2). Inhibition of miR-21 in osteogenic cultures of MC3T3 also inflected the synthesis of OPN protein which is essential for proper mineralization of extracellular matrix (ECM) and anchoring osteoclasts to the bones. Furthermore, it was shown that in osteoblasts miR-21 regulates expression of factors that are vital for survival of pre-osteoclast, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). The pre-osteoclast cultured with MC3T3inh21 cells was characterized by lowered expression of several markers associated with osteoclasts' differentiation, foremost tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Trap) but also receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (Rank), cathepsin K (Ctsk), carbonic anhydrase II (CaII), and matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp-9). Collectively, our data indicate that the inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells impairs the differentiation and ECM mineralization as well as influences paracrine signaling leading to decreased viability of pre-osteoclasts.

• MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace genetika   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• extracelulární matrix metabolismus   MeSH
• kokultivační techniky MeSH
• kyselá fosfatasa rezistentní k tartarátu metabolismus   MeSH
• messenger RNA genetika   MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• osteoblasty metabolismus   MeSH
• osteogeneze genetika   MeSH
• osteoklasty metabolismus   MeSH
• osteopontin genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• parakrinní signalizace genetika   MeSH
• protein PEBP2alfaA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• resorpce kosti metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce genetika   MeSH
• transfekce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH