migration next-generation sequencing
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BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma is difficult to diagnose and unpredictable in disease course and severity. There are no specific biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis estimation feasible in clinical practice. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as potent regulators of gene expression in recent years. Aside from their cellular role, their expression patterns could be used as a biomarker of ongoing pathology. METHODS: In this work, we used next-generation sequencing for global lncRNA expression profiling in tumor and non-tumor tissue of RCC patients. The four candidate lncRNAs have been further validated on an independent cohort. PVT1, as the most promising lncRNA, has also been studied using functional in vitro tests. RESULTS: Next-generation sequencing showed significant dysregulation of 1163 lncRNAs; among them top 20 dysregulated lncRNAs were AC061975.7, AC124017.1, AP000696.1, AC148477.4, LINC02437, GATA3-AS, LINC01762, LINC01230, LINC01271, LINC01187, LINC00472, AC007849.1, LINC00982, LINC01543, AL031710.1, and AC019197.1 as down-regulated lncRNAs; and SLC16A1-AS1, PVT1, LINC0887, and LUCAT1 as up-regulated lncRNAs. We observed statistically significant dysregulation of PVT1, LUCAT1, and LINC00982. Moreover, we studied the effect of artificial PVT1 decrease in renal cell line 786-0 and observed an effect on cell viability and migration. CONCLUSION: Our results show not only the diagnostic but also the therapeutic potential of PVT1 in renal cell carcinoma.
- MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk * genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika fyziologie MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory ledvin * genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- pohyb buněk genetika MeSH
- proliferace buněk genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
- RNA dlouhá nekódující * genetika metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- viabilita buněk genetika MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Effects of vertebrate-associated microbiota on physiology and health are of significant interest in current biological research. Most previous studies have focused on host-microbiota interactions in captive-bred mammalian models. These interactions and their outcomes are still relatively understudied, however, in wild populations and non-mammalian taxa. Using deep pyrosequencing, we described the cloacal microbiome (CM) composition in free living barn swallows Hirundo rustica, a long-distance migratory passerine bird. Barn swallow CM was dominated by bacteria of the Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla. Bacteroidetes, which represent an important proportion of the digestive tract microbiome in many vertebrate species, was relatively rare in barn swallow CM (< 5%). CM composition did not differ between males and females. A significant correlation of CM within breeding pair members is consistent with the hypothesis that cloacal contact during within-pair copulation may promote transfer of bacterial assemblages. This effect on CM composition had a relatively low effect size, however, possibly due to the species' high level of sexual promiscuity.
- MeSH
- bakteriální RNA MeSH
- biodiverzita MeSH
- chov MeSH
- kloaka mikrobiologie MeSH
- metagenom MeSH
- migrace zvířat * MeSH
- mikrobiota * MeSH
- ptáci mikrobiologie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMD) is an aggressive disease; malignant plasma cells lose their dependence in the bone marrow microenvironment and migrate into tissues. EMD is a negative prognostic factor of survival. Using flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing, we aimed to identify antigens and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in EMD pathogenesis. Flow cytometry analysis revealed significant differences in the level of clonal plasma cells between MM and EMD patients, while the expression of CD markers was comparable between these two groups. Further, miR-26a-5p and miR-30e-5p were found to be significantly down-regulated in EMD compared to MM. Based on the expression of miR-26a-5p, we were able to distinguish these two groups of patients with high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the involvement of deregulated miRNAs in cell cycle regulation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and signaling pathways associated with infections or neurological disorders was observed using GO and KEGG pathways enrichment analysis. Subsequently, a correlation between the expression of analyzed miRNAs and the levels of CD molecules was observed. Finally, clinicopathological characteristics as well as CD antigens associated with the prognosis of MM and EMD patients were identified. Altogether, we identified several molecules possibly involved in the transformation of MM into EMD.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA * genetika MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * genetika MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Východiska a cíle: Mnohočetný myelom (MM) je druhé nejčastější hematoonkologické onemocnění. Zavedení nových léků do klinické praxe vedlo k výraznému zlepšení přežívání pacientů s MM. I přes tato opatření je přežívání pacientů negativně ovlivněno tzv. extramedulárním relapsem (EM). EM je způsoben ztrátou závislosti plazmatických buněk na mikroprostředí kostní dřeně a jejich migrací do měkkých tkání. Podstata a příčina tohoto procesu nejsou doposud objasněny. MikroRNA (miRNA) jsou krátké, nekódující molekuly RNA, které jsou zapojeny do mnoha fyziologických, ale i patologických procesů. V rámci několika studií byl prokázán význam těchto molekul i u patogeneze MM. Předpokládáme, že se miRNA podílejí rovněž na rozvoji EM. Cílem naší práce bylo analyzovat rozdílné exprese miRNA mezi skupinou MM a EM pacientů. Materiál a metody: Pomocí sekvenování nové generace bylo analyzováno 39 vzorků plazmatických buněk z kostní dřeně pacientů s MM při diagnóze a 9 vzorků plazmatických buněk z kostní dřeně nemocných s EM. Výsledky: Celkem bylo sekvenováno 2 278 miRNA, ale do analýzy bylo zahrnuto 658 miRNA, které byly exprimovány u všech vzorků a měly nejméně 20 čtení. Expresní data byla generována pomocí Chimira tool z fastq dat. Všechny sekvence byly mapovány pomocí miRBase v20. Další analýzy byly provedeny s použitím R/Bioconductor package. Pro normalizaci exprese byl použit Bayesův postup. P hodnoty byly adjustovány s použitím Benjamini-Hochberg metody. Analýza prokázala, že existuje 10 miRNA (p < 0,0005), které jsou statisticky signifikantně exprimovány u EM vs. MM pacientů – konkrétně se jedná o miR-26a-5p, miR-26b-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-424-3p, miR-503-5p, miR-767-5p, miR-105-5p, miR-5695-5p, miR-450b-5p a miR-92b-3p. Tyto miRNA budou dále ověřeny metodou qPCR na větším souboru pacientů s MM a EM. Závěr: Naše pilotní studie ukázala, že existuje rozdíl expresních hladin některých miRNA mezi skupinou pacientů s MM a EM.
Introduction and Aims: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematooncological disease. Patient survival has been greatly improved by the introduction of new drugs into clinical practice, but survival is negatively affected by the so-called extramedullary relapse (EM), caused by the loss of plasma cell dependence on the bone marrow microenvironment and their migration out of the bone marrow. The nature and causes of this process are currently unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA molecules involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Their significance in the pathogenesis of MM has been demonstrated by several studies. We assume that they are also involved in the development of the EM. The aim of this study was to analyze different miRNA expression between MM and EM patients. Material and Methods: Using next generation sequencing, we analyzed 39 samples of bone marrow cells from MM patients at diagnosis and 9 bone marrow plasma samples of EM patients. Results: In total, 2,278 miRNA were sequenced, but only 658 miRNAs were analyzed as they were expressed in all samples and had at least 20 reads. Expression data were generated using the Chimira tool from fastq data. All sequences were mapped using miRBase v20. Further analyses were performed using the R/Bioconductor package. The Bayesian procedure was used for normalization of expression. P values were adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. Analysis found 10 miRNA (p < 0.0005) that are statistically significantly expressed in EM vs. MM patients – these are miR-26a-5p, miR-26b-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-424-3p, miR-503-5p, miR-767-5p, miR-105-5p, miR-5695-5p, miR-450b-5p and miR-92b-3p. These miRNAs will be further verified by qPCR method on a larger set of MM and EM patients. Conclusion: Our pilot study has shown that there are differentially expressed miRNAs between MM and EM patients.
- Klíčová slova
- extramedulární relaps,
- MeSH
- karcinogeneze MeSH
- kostní dřeň patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA * MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * genetika MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The increasing interest in exploring the human genome and identifying genetic risk factors contributing to the susceptibility to and outcome of diseases has supported the rapid development of genome-wide techniques. However, the large amount of obtained data requires extensive bioinformatics analysis. In this work, we established an approach combining amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), AFLP in silico and next generation sequencing (NGS) methods to map the malignant genome of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. We compared the unique DNA fingerprints of patients generated by the AFLP technique approach with those of healthy donors to identify AFLP markers associated with the disease and/or the response to treatment with imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Among the statistically significant AFLP markers selected for NGS analysis and virtual fingerprinting, we identified the sequences of three fragments in the region of DNA repeat element OldhAT1, LINE L1M7, LTR MER90, and satellite ALR/Alpha among repetitive elements, which may indicate a role of these non-coding repetitive sequences in hematological malignancy. SNPs leading to the presence/absence of these fragments were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. When evaluating the results of AFLP analysis for some fragments, we faced the frequently discussed size homoplasy, resulting in co-migration of non-identical AFLP fragments that may originate from an insertion/deletion, SNP, somatic mutation anywhere in the genome, or combination thereof. The AFLP-AFLP in silico-NGS procedure represents a smart alternative to microarrays and relatively expensive and bioinformatically challenging whole-genome sequencing to detect the association of variable regions of the human genome with diseases.
- MeSH
- analýza polymorfismu délky amplifikovaných restrikčních fragmentů metody MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- DNA fingerprinting metody MeSH
- DNA nádorová genetika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- genom lidský MeSH
- imatinib mesylát terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas terapeutické užití MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- počítačová simulace MeSH
- protinádorové látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin * MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA metody MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- výpočetní biologie metody MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Purpose: Characterization of colorectal cancer transcriptome by high-throughput techniques has enabled the discovery of several differentially expressed genes involving previously unreported miRNA abnormalities. Here, we followed a systematic approach on a global scale to identify miRNAs as clinical outcome predictors and further validated them in the clinical and experimental setting.Experimental Design:Genome-wide miRNA sequencing data of 228 colorectal cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset were analyzed as a screening cohort to identify miRNAs significantly associated with survival according to stringent prespecified criteria. A panel of six miRNAs was further validated for their prognostic utility in a large independent validation cohort (n= 332).In situhybridization and functional experiments in a panel of colorectal cancer cell lines and xenografts further clarified the role of clinical relevant miRNAs.Results:Six miRNAs (miR-92b-3p, miR-188-3p, miR-221-5p, miR-331-3p, miR-425-3p, and miR-497-5p) were identified as strong predictors of survival in the screening cohort. High miR-188-3p expression proves to be an independent prognostic factor [screening cohort: HR = 4.137; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.568-10.917;P= 0.004; validation cohort: HR = 1.538; 95% CI, 1.107-2.137;P= 0.010, respectively]. Forced miR-188-3p expression increased migratory behavior of colorectal cancer cellsin vitroand metastases formationin vivo(P< 0.05). The promigratory role of miR-188-3p is mediated by direct interaction with MLLT4, a novel identified player involved in colorectal cancer cell migration.Conclusions:miR-188-3p is a novel independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients, which can be partly explained by its effect on MLLT4 expression and migration of cancer cells.Clin Cancer Res; 23(5); 1323-33. ©2016 AACR.
- MeSH
- genom lidský MeSH
- HCT116 buňky MeSH
- karcinogeneze genetika MeSH
- kineziny genetika MeSH
- kolorektální nádory genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- myosiny genetika MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- xenogenní modely - testy protinádorové aktivity MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Východiska: N-myc downstream-regulovaný gen 1 (NDRG1) má významnou funkci při progresi nádorů. U karcinomu prostaty (prostate cancer – PCa) však regulační mechanizmus NDRG1 zůstává nejasný. Materiál a metody: Hladiny exprese miR-96-5p a NDRG1 byly hodnoceny v buněčných liniích PCa a v tkáních prostaty a validovány ve veřejných databázích pomocí polymerázové řetězové reakce v reálném čase, analýzy western blot a imunohistochemie. Funkce miR-96-5p a NDRG1 byla zkoumána pomocí testů hojení ran a transwell testů in vitro a testu myšího xenoimplantátu in vivo. Dráha regulovaná pomocí NDRG1 byla testována technikou sekvenování nové generace. K detekci vztahu mezi miR-96-5p, NDRG1 a NF-kB dráhou byl použit imunofluorescenční test a test s luciferázou. Výsledky: Nadměrná exprese NDRG1 potlačuje migraci, invazi a epiteliálně-mezenchymální přechod (EMT) in vitro a inhibuje metastázy in vivo. Navíc miR-96-5p přispívá k deficitu NDRG1 a podporuje migraci a invazi buněk PCa. Kromě toho ztráta NDRG1 aktivuje dráhu NF-kB, která stimuluje fosforylaci p65 a IKBa a indukuje EMT v PCa. Závěr: MiR-96-5p podporuje migraci a invazi PCa tím, že cílí na NDRG1 a reguluje dráhu NF-kB.
Background: The N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) has been discovered as a significant gene in the progression of cancers. However, the regulatory mechanism of NDRG1 remained obscure in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: The miR-96-5p and NDRG1 expression levels were evaluated in PCa cell lines, and prostate tissues, and validated in public databases by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. The function of miR-96-5p and NDRG1 were investigated by scratch assay and transwell assays in vitro, and mouse xenograft assay in vivo. The candidate pathway regulated by NDRG1 was conducted by the next-generation gene sequencing technique. Immunofluorescence and luciferase assays were used to detect the relation between miR-96-5p, NDRG1, and NF-kB pathway. Results: Overexpressing NDRG1 suppresses the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, and inhibits metastasis in vivo. Moreover, miR-96-5p contributes to NDRG1 deficiency and promotes PCa cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, NDRG1 loss activates the NF-kB pathway, which stimulates p65 and IKBa phosphorylation and induces EMT in PCa. Conclusions: MiR-96-5p promotes the migration and invasion of PCa by targeting NDRG1 and regulating the NF-kB pathway.
- Klíčová slova
- NDRG1, miR-96-5p,
- MeSH
- epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice MeSH
- genetické techniky MeSH
- imunohistochemie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory prostaty * genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- NF-kappa B * MeSH
- pohyb buněk MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- sekvenční analýza MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- transfekce metody MeSH
- western blotting metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
The term 'ancient DNA' (aDNA) is coming of age, with over 1,200 hits in the PubMed database, beginning in the early 1980s with the studies of 'molecular paleontology'. Rooted in cloning and limited sequencing of DNA from ancient remains during the pre-PCR era, the field has made incredible progress since the introduction of PCR and next-generation sequencing. Over the last decade, aDNA analysis ushered in a new era in genomics and became the method of choice for reconstructing the history of organisms, their biogeography, and migration routes, with applications in evolutionary biology, population genetics, archaeogenetics, paleo-epidemiology, and many other areas. This change was brought by development of new strategies for coping with the challenges in studying aDNA due to damage and fragmentation, scarce samples, significant historical gaps, and limited applicability of population genetics methods. In this review, we describe the state-of-the-art achievements in aDNA studies, with particular focus on human evolution and demographic history. We present the current experimental and theoretical procedures for handling and analysing highly degraded aDNA. We also review the challenges in the rapidly growing field of ancient epigenomics. Advancement of aDNA tools and methods signifies a new era in population genetics and evolutionary medicine research.
- MeSH
- genom lidský * MeSH
- genomika metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární evoluce * MeSH
- populační genetika metody MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA metody MeSH
- starobylá DNA * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
Nestr.
Projekt se zaměřuje na rotaviry skupin A, B a C (RVA, RVB a RVC), které patří celosvětově k významným původcům gastroenteritid dětí i dospělých. V České republice je běžně prováděna diagnostika RVA antigenu ve vzorcích stolice, nicméně prevalence RVB a RVC u dětských i dospělých pacientů není známá. RVC byl prokázán jako původce gastroenteritid v některých evropských zemích a RVB je běžně diagnostikován v Asii jako původce průjmů dospělých. Zvýšená migrace obyvatelstva, prokázaný zoonotický potenciál rotavirů a stárnutí populace odůvodňují potřebu výzkumu v této oblasti. Ohroženy jsou zejména sociálně slabé skupiny obyvatelstva se sníženými hygienickými standardy včetně imigrantů z rozvojových zemí. Cílem projektu bude provést epidemiologickou studii u různých věkových skupin obyvatelstva a na základě sekvenční a fylogenetické analýzy s použitím celogenomového sekvenování stanovit zastoupení cirkulujících genotypů. Na základě získaných údajů bude vyvinuta diagnostická metoda založená na PCR, která umožní detekci všech skupin humánních rotavirů, jejichž výskyt lze v populaci očekáv...; The project is aimed at members of genus Rotavirus groups A, B, and C (RVA, RVB and RVC) which are an important cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. In the Czech Republic, the rotavirus diagnostics is directed to RVA antigen in stools; the prevalence of RVB and RVC in children and adult patients is unknown. RVC was described as an aetiological agent of diarrhoea in several European countries and RVB is commonly diagnosed in Asia as a cause of adult gastroenteritis. Increased migration, aging of population, and documented zoonotic potential of rotaviruses substantiate the need for research in this field. Especially endangered groups of population are socioeconomically segregated subpopulations and immigrants from developing countries. The goal of the project is to carry out an epidemiological study in different age groups of population and assess the distribution of circulating genotypes based on the sequence and phylogenetic analyses including next-generation sequencing. Next the PCR-based diagnostic method will be developed for detection of all rotavirus groups present in populati...
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- gastroenteritida etiologie virologie MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rotavirové infekce virologie MeSH
- Rotavirus izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- sekvenování celého genomu metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- infekční lékařství
- virologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Mumps vaccines are live attenuated viruses. They are known to vary in effectiveness, degree of attenuation and adverse event profile. However, the underlying reasons are poorly understood. We studied two closely related mumps vaccines which originate from the same attenuated Jeryl Lynn-5 strain but have different efficacies. Jeryl Lynn-Canine Kidney (JL-CK), produced on primary canine kidney cells, is less effective than RIT4385, which is produced on chicken embryo fibroblasts. JL-CK and RIT4385 could be distinguished by a number of in vitro and in vivo properties. JL-CK produced heterogeneous, generally smaller plaques than RIT4385, but gave 100-fold higher titres when grown in cells and showed a higher degree of hydrocephalus formation in neonatal rat brains. Sanger sequencing of JL-CK identified 14 regions of heterogeneity throughout the genome. Plaque purification of JL-CK demonstrated the presence of five different Jeryl Lynn-5 variants encompassing the 14 mutations. One JL-CK mutation was associated with a small plaque phenotype, the effects of the others in vitro or in vivo were less clear. Only 4% of the JL-CK population corresponded to the parental Jeryl Lynn-5 strain. Next generation sequencing of JL-CK and virus before and after growth in cell lines or neonatal rat brains showed that propagation in vitro or in vivo altered the population dramatically. Our findings indicate that growth of JL-CK in primary canine kidney cells resulted in the selection of a mixture of mumps virus variants that have different biological properties compared to the parent Jeryl Lynn-5 virus. We also report three previously unknown heterogenic regions within the N gene of the RIT4385 vaccine.
- MeSH
- epitelové buňky MeSH
- farmaceutická technologie metody MeSH
- hydrocefalus patologie virologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kultivace virů metody MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- plakové testy MeSH
- populační dynamika MeSH
- vakcína proti příušnicím aplikace a dávkování imunologie MeSH
- virová nálož MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- virus příušnic růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH