Modern technologies surround people every day, including seniors. The aim of this pilot study was to create a maximally user-friendly mobile application in order to meet older users' individual needs. The research sample consisted of 13 older individuals at the age of 55+ years with a mean age of 67 years, living in the Czech Republic. The key assessment tools of this pilot study were the developed application and usability testing. The findings confirmed that the newly developed mobile application for teaching English met the needs of cognitively healthy seniors, and was acceptable and feasible. In addition, it indicated what technical (e.g., visual interface or easy navigation) and pedagogical (e.g., an instructional manual or adjusting to seniors' learning pace or clear instructions) aspects should be strictly followed when designing such an educational smartphone application. In addition, the authors of this pilot study provide several implications for pedagogical practice. Further research should include more empirical studies aimed at the exploration of educational mobile applications for older generation groups with respect to meeting their individual needs in order to enhance their overall well-being. However, such studies are, nowadays, very rare.

• MeSH
• chytrý telefon * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace * MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravotní stav MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Wearable computing has long been described as the solution to many health challenges. However, the use of this technology as a diabetes patient self-management tool has not been fully explored. A promising platform for this use is the smartwatch-a wrist-worn device that not only tells time but also provides internet connection and ability to communicate information to and from a mobile phone. METHOD: Over 9 months, the design of a diabetes diary application for a smartwatch was completed using agile development methods. The system, including a two-way communication between the applications on the smartwatch and mobile phone, was tested with 6 people with type 1 diabetes. A small number of participants was deliberately chosen due to ensure an efficient use of resources on a novel system. RESULTS: The designed smartwatch system displays the time, day, date, and remaining battery time. It also allows for the entry of carbohydrates, insulin, and blood glucose (BG), with the option to view previously recorded data. Users were able to record specific physical activities, program reminders, and automatically record and transfer data, including step counts, to the mobile phone version of the diabetes diary. The smartwatch system can also be used as a stand-alone tool. Users reported usefulness, responded positively toward its functionalities, and also provided specific suggestions for further development. Suggestions were implemented after the feasibility study. CONCLUSIONS: The presented system and study demonstrate that smartwatches have opened up new possibilities within the diabetes self-management field by providing easier ways of monitoring BG, insulin injections, physical activity and dietary information directly from the wrist.

• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku MeSH
• chytrý telefon * MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dietní sacharidy MeSH
• dietní záznamy * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypoglykemika aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inzulin aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mobilní aplikace MeSH
• péče o sebe MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Early identification of Parkinson's disease (PD) in its prodromal stage has fundamental implications for the future development of neuroprotective therapies. However, no sufficiently accurate biomarkers of prodromal PD are currently available to facilitate early identification. The vocal assessment of patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) and PD appears to have intriguing potential as a diagnostic and progressive biomarker of PD and related synucleinopathies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Speech patterns in the spontaneous speech of iRBD, early PD and control participants' voice calls will be collected from data acquired via a developed smartphone application over a period of 2 years. A significant increase in several aspects of PD-related speech disorders is expected, and is anticipated to reflect the underlying neurodegeneration processes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic and all the participants will provide written, informed consent prior to their inclusion in the research. The application satisfies the General Data Protection Regulation law requirements of the European Union. The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international scientific conferences.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• řeč MeSH
• synukleinopatie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: There are many mobile health applications (apps) now available and some that use in some way laboratory medicine data. Among them, patient-oriented are of the lowest content quality. The aim of this study was to compare the opinions of non-laboratory medicine professionals (NLMP) with those of laboratory medicine specialists (LMS) and define the benchmarks for quality assessment of laboratory medicine apps. METHODS: Twenty-five volunteers from six European countries evaluated 16 selected patient-oriented apps. Participants were 20-60 years old, 44% were females, with different educational degrees, and no professional involvement in laboratory medicine. Each participant completed a questionnaire based on the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale, as previously used for rating the app quality by LMS. The responses from the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation. RESULTS: The median total score of NLMP app evaluation was 2.73 out of 5 (IQR 0.95) compared to 3.78 (IQR 1.05) by the LMS. All scores were statistically significantly lower in the NLMP group (p<0.05), except for the item Information quality (p=0.1631). The suggested benchmarks for a useful appear: increasing awareness of the importance and delivering an understanding of persons' own laboratory test results; understandable terminology; easy to use; appropriate graphic design, and trustworthy information. CONCLUSIONS: NLMP' evaluation confirmed the low utility of currently available laboratory medicine apps. A reliable app should contain trustworthy and understandable information. The appearance of an app should be fit for purpose and easy to use.

• MeSH
• benchmarking MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• laboratoře MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mobilní aplikace * MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Background: People gain weight when assume more calories than their body can consume. Instead, they lose weight when they consume more than what they eat. Comparing the body to a closed system, we can call calorie balance the difference between the input and output calories. However, keep a balanced diet regime is never a rewarding activity and often people give up. Objectives: The goal is to help subjects with overweight problems: educate these people reduces the number of people that might migrate in the obese class. We propose an application to encourage healthier lifestyles, whose innovative feature is an automatic adaptive monitoring of the daily calorie balance. The system uses a familiar device and motivates the users to reach best result with the diet. Methods: The energy consumption is related to the oxygen consumption, obviously also if combined with physical activity. The heart rate is directly related to the supply of oxygen. Using this simple relation, the heartbeats are bound to the calorie consumption. Results: People achieve a greater awareness about food dosage and its calories weight. Moreover the application allows a more careful choice in food selection in order to not vanish the efforts made to change the lifestyles. Conclusions: We have obtained good result with off-theshelf hardware and user friendly software solutions. The users consider the system like a game where they have to keep higher the burned calories level. A motivational application has been found to be a winning card to promote healthier lifestyles, without intimidating the user.

• Klíčová slova
• dietní chyby, chest belt,
• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• energetický metabolismus MeSH
• energetický příjem MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace * využití   MeSH
• mobilní telefon MeSH
• motivace MeSH
• nadváha dietoterapie   MeSH
• navrhování softwaru MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• pohybová aktivita MeSH
• programy na snížení hmotnosti * MeSH
• redukční dieta MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
• srdeční frekvence fyziologie   MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
• zdravé chování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Glutathione belongs to the family of small-molecular weight antioxidants like ascorbic acid, cysteine, α-tocopherol, uric acid, etc. These molecules play important role in the neutralization of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress may lead to ageing and the development of large scale of pathological states of organism. This low molecular weight antioxidant´s level can alter under pathological conditions from reduced (GSH, thiols) to oxidized (oxidized glutathione -GSSG, disulfides) form. A GSSG-to-GSH ratio is indicative marker of oxidative stress. There is a large scale of methods how to determine this biomarker. The trend of the analysis is to minimalize the instrument equipment, sample application volume and analysis cost. DESIGN: Reduced glutathione (GSH) solutions were prepared in water in the concentration 0-16 mmol/L. Other small-molecular weight antioxidants like 0.25 mmol/L ascorbic acid, 0.15 mmol/L TROLOX and 0.02 mmol/L N-acetyl-cysteine (NAcCys) were studied as possible interferents. The samples were mixed with 5,5´-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid (DTNB) resulting in yellow colored drops forming. Coloration was assayed using camera integrated in a smartphone and color channels analysis. The total volume of 10 µl of sample was applied for one analysis. The smartphone-based data were compared with the reference Ellman assay. RESULTS: The calibration of glutathione was evaluated. The blue channel intensity data were decreasing according to the increasing glutathione concentration. Red and green channel intensities were stagnating during the whole concentration scale of glutathione. Limits of detection were 0.4 mmol/l for glutathione. Addition of 0.25 mmol/L of ascorbic acid, 0.15 mmol/L of TROLOX and 0.02mmol/L of N-acetylcysteine to GSH in final concentration 0-16 mmol/L had minimal influence on the assay. The results from smartphone-based analysis correlate with the standard Ellman method. The detection limit for GSH was 0.03 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The smartphone-based assay seems to be promising because of simplicity, reliability, robustness and low cost. In spite of the fact that there is a large scale for approaches for the glutathione determination, the main advantage of our colorimetric method is portability and easibility to perform the assay in the field and publically availability of smartphones for home applications.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia analýza   MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• biotest metody   MeSH
• chytrý telefon využití   MeSH
• glutathion analýza   MeSH
• kolorimetrie MeSH
• kyselina dithionitrobenzoová MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can serve as biochemical markers of various pathologies like liver disfunction and poisonings by nerve agents. Ellman's assay is the standard spectrophotometric method to measure cholinesterase activity in clinical laboratories. The authors present a new colorimetric test to assess AChE and BChE activity in biological samples using chromogenic reagents, treated 3D-printed measuring pads and a smartphone camera as a signal detector. Multiwell pads treated with reagent substrates 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenyl acetate, indoxylacetate, ethoxyresorufin and methoxyresorufin were prepared and tested for AChE and BChE. In the experiments, 3D-printed pads containing indoxylacetate as a chromogenic substrate were optimal for analytical purposes. The best results were achieved using the red (R) channel, where the limit of detection was 4.05 µkat/mL for BChE and 4.38 µkat/mL for AChE using a 40 µL sample and a 60 min assay. The major advantage of this method is its overall simplicity, as samples are applied directly without any specific treatment or added reagents. The assay was also validated to the standard Ellman's assay using human plasma samples. In conclusion, this smartphone camera-based colorimetric assay appears to have practical applicability and to be a suitable method for point-of-care testing because it does not require specific manipulation, additional education of staff or use of sophisticated analytical instruments.

• MeSH
• acetylcholinesterasa * MeSH
• butyrylcholinesterasa * MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• kolorimetrie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• spektrofotometrie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mobilní aplikace * MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• komentáře MeSH

Acute intoxication incidents due to neurotoxic organophosphate (OP) insecticides are occasionally reported, related either to suicidal attempts or occupational exposure due to the misuse of protective equipment. Among them, chlorpyrifos is a compound related to great controversy, which is still authorized and easily accessible in many countries around the world. However, to screen for its exposure markers, instrumental methods are commonly applied, which cannot enable rapid monitoring at an early stage of an intoxication. Therefore, in this study, a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) able to rapidly screen for chlorpyrifos-oxon, the toxic chlorpyrifos metabolite, in human serum was developed and fully validated. The μPAD combines wax-printed butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) paper sensors, a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) prototype injector and a smartphone as the analytical detector. In principle, the wax-printed strips with adsorbed BChE are embedded into LOC injectors able to deliver samples and reagents on-demand. A smartphone reader was used to monitor the color development on the strips providing binary qualitative results. μPAD method performance characteristics were thoroughly evaluated in terms of specificity, detection capability (CCβ) and ruggedness. The developed analytical platform is rapid (results within 10 min), cost-efficient (0.70 €), potentially applicable at the point-of-need and attained a low CCβ (10 μg L-1 in human serum). Finally, μPAD characteristics were critically compared to well-established methods, namely an in-house BChE microplate assay and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

• MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• dursban * MeSH
• laboratoř na čipu MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrofluidika MeSH
• mikrofluidní analytické techniky * MeSH
• papír MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Speech dysfunction represents one of the initial motor manifestations to develop in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is measurable through smartphone. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to develop a fully automated and noise-resistant smartphone-based system that can unobtrusively screen for prodromal parkinsonian speech disorder in subjects with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) in a real-world scenario. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed regular, everyday voice call data from individuals with iRBD compared to early PD patients and healthy controls via a developed smartphone application. The participants also performed an active, regular reading of a short passage on their smartphone. Smartphone data were continuously collected for up to 3 months after the standard in-person assessments at the clinic. RESULTS: A total of 3525 calls that led to 5990 minutes of preprocessed speech were extracted from 72 participants, comprising 21 iRBD patients, 26 PD patients, and 25 controls. With a high area under the curve of 0.85 between iRBD patients and controls, the combination of passive and active smartphone data provided a comparable or even more sensitive evaluation than laboratory examination using a high-quality microphone. The most sensitive features to induce prodromal neurodegeneration in iRBD included imprecise vowel articulation during phone calls (P = 0.03) and monopitch in reading (P = 0.05). Eighteen minutes of speech corresponding to approximately nine calls was sufficient to obtain the best sensitivity for the screening. CONCLUSION: We consider the developed tool widely applicable to deep longitudinal digital phenotyping data with future applications in neuroprotective trials, deep brain stimulation optimization, neuropsychiatry, speech therapy, population screening, and beyond. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• chytrý telefon * MeSH
• hlas fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * patofyziologie   komplikace   MeSH
• parkinsonské poruchy patofyziologie   MeSH
• porucha chování v REM spánku * patofyziologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• poruchy řeči etiologie   MeSH
• prodromální symptomy MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH