Despite extensive evidence on the impact of various mental health issues including smartphone/internet addiction, and personality traits on academic achievement, little is known about the complex interactions between multiple of these factors simultaneously, as well as cross-country differences in these nuanced relationships. In particular, understanding the role of the mentioned addictions has become increasingly important in recent years in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this cross-country study was to investigate, using path analysis, the complex relationships between mental health determinants (depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, and smartphone/internet addiction) and academic achievement in 1785 Czech and Chinese university students using an online battery of psychological tests. The results confirmed the previously described effect of multiple factors (anxiety, stress, resilience, smartphone/internet addiction, personality traits, and sex, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) on academic achievement, overlapping in most cases for both groups of students. At the same time, however, different country-dependent patterns of interactions emerged. For the Czech students, the variables formed a complex network of interacting factors, whereas for the Chinese students, the effect of each cluster of factors was separate for individual domains of academic achievement. These cross-country differences have implications particularly for planning and targeting the most effective interventions to promote and develop academic achievement.
- MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- COVID-19 * psychologie epidemiologie MeSH
- deprese psychologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- návykové chování psychologie MeSH
- netholismus * psychologie MeSH
- osobnost * MeSH
- školní úspěšnost * MeSH
- srovnání kultur MeSH
- studenti * psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- univerzity MeSH
- úzkost psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Čína MeSH
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders, with type 2 DM being the most common form. It ranks as the sixth-leading cause of death worldwide, yet medication adherence and self-care remain low. Given that knowledge significantly influences these outcomes, this paper aims to evaluate the effect of mobile phone-assisted health education programs on patients with type 2 DM. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost, employing keywords relevant to the research topic. The research question was structured using the PICOS framework: (1) Population: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) Intervention: health education via mobile phone; (3) Comparison: conventional health education; (4) Outcome: diabetes self-management, glycemic control, and medication adherence; (5) Study design: randomized controlled trials. Results: The search identified approximately 678 articles discussing health education interventions using mobile phones. After a thorough screening process, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that mobile phone-based education interventions can enhance adherence to diabetes self-management, improve glycemic control, and positively impact clinical parameters such as lipid levels, body mass index, blood pressure, and medication adherence. Conclusion: Health education interventions delivered by healthcare professionals through mobile phones can significantly improve self-care management and prevent complications in patients with type 2 diabetes who maintain controlled blood glucose levels.
BACKGROUND: Mobile Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is increasingly used to gather intensive, longitudinal data on behavioral nutrition, physical activity and sedentary behavior and their underlying determinants. However, a relevant concern is the risk of non-random non-compliance with mobile EMA protocols, especially in older adults. This study aimed to examine older adults' compliance with mobile EMA in health behavior studies according to participant characteristics, and prompt timing, and to provide recommendations for future EMA research. METHODS: Data of four intensive longitudinal observational studies employing mobile EMA to understand health behavior, involving 271 community-dwelling older adults (M = 71.8 years, SD = 6.8; 52% female) in Flanders, were pooled. EMA questionnaires were prompted by a smartphone application during specific time slots or events. Data on compliance (i.e. information whether a participant answered at least one item following the prompt), time slot (morning, afternoon or evening) and day (week or weekend day) of each prompt were extracted from the EMA applications. Participant characteristics, including demographics, body mass index, and smartphone ownership, were collected via self-report. Descriptive statistics of compliance were computed, and logistic mixed models were run to examine inter- and intrapersonal variability in compliance. RESULTS: EMA compliance averaged 77.5%, varying from 70.0 to 86.1% across studies. Compliance differed among subgroups and throughout the day. Age was associated with lower compliance (OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.93-0.99), while marital/cohabiting status and smartphone ownership were associated with higher compliance (OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.21-2.77, and OR = 4.43, 95%CI = 2.22-8.83, respectively). Compliance was lower in the evening than in the morning (OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.69-0.97), indicating non-random patterns that could impact study validity. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study shed light on the complexities surrounding compliance with mobile EMA protocols among older adults in health behavior studies. Our analysis revealed that non-compliance within our pooled dataset was not completely random. This non-randomness could introduce bias into study findings, potentially compromising the validity of research findings. To address these challenges, we recommend adopting tailored approaches that take into account individual characteristics and temporal dynamics. Additionally, the utilization of Directed Acyclic Graphs, and advanced statistical techniques can help mitigate the impact of non-compliance on study validity.
- MeSH
- adherence pacienta * MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mobilní aplikace MeSH
- okamžité posouzení v přirozeném prostředí * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sedavý životní styl MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- zdravé chování * MeSH
- zpráva o sobě MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Given the negative outcomes associated with smartphone use during personal and relational activities (SUPRA), parents strive to regulate its use among their children. However, media parenting recommendations lack knowledge of parental views on SUPRA and their relative occurrence in youths. This study aimed to (i) estimate SUPRA frequency among children and adolescents, (ii) assess parental dislike (PD) of SUPRA, and (iii) identify predictors of PD of SUPRA. An online survey was completed by 826 parents (49% mothers, age 25-74, Median = 43 years), capturing PD of SUPRA, estimated frequency of SUPRA in their children (49% female, age 6-18, Median = 10 years), parenting styles (warmth and control), parental attitudes toward screen media, and sociodemographic characteristics. The rate of frequent SUPRA was significantly higher in adolescents (2.7-48.1%) compared to children (2.1-27.2%) with odds ratios ranging from 0.67 to 3.04, depending on the activity type. PD of SUPRA was high in parents of children (M = 4.04, SD = 0.66) and adolescents (M = 3.93, SD = 0.71). Linear regression identified being a mother, having higher levels of control and warmth, and less positive attitudes toward screen media as significant predictors of SUPRA dislike. Our study was the first to report the estimated occurrence and parental dislike of smartphone use (SU) during various personal and relational activities, enabling their direct comparison. Experts warn against SU while studying and at bedtime, which frequently occurred in 4-5% of children and 10-12% of adolescents. More attention should be paid to SU during relational (peer/family) activities due to its relatively high occurrence and parental dissatisfaction.
- MeSH
- chytrý telefon * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- postoj MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rodiče * psychologie MeSH
- rodičovství * psychologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vztahy mezi rodiči a dětmi MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Speech dysfunction represents one of the initial motor manifestations to develop in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is measurable through smartphone. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to develop a fully automated and noise-resistant smartphone-based system that can unobtrusively screen for prodromal parkinsonian speech disorder in subjects with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) in a real-world scenario. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed regular, everyday voice call data from individuals with iRBD compared to early PD patients and healthy controls via a developed smartphone application. The participants also performed an active, regular reading of a short passage on their smartphone. Smartphone data were continuously collected for up to 3 months after the standard in-person assessments at the clinic. RESULTS: A total of 3525 calls that led to 5990 minutes of preprocessed speech were extracted from 72 participants, comprising 21 iRBD patients, 26 PD patients, and 25 controls. With a high area under the curve of 0.85 between iRBD patients and controls, the combination of passive and active smartphone data provided a comparable or even more sensitive evaluation than laboratory examination using a high-quality microphone. The most sensitive features to induce prodromal neurodegeneration in iRBD included imprecise vowel articulation during phone calls (P = 0.03) and monopitch in reading (P = 0.05). Eighteen minutes of speech corresponding to approximately nine calls was sufficient to obtain the best sensitivity for the screening. CONCLUSION: We consider the developed tool widely applicable to deep longitudinal digital phenotyping data with future applications in neuroprotective trials, deep brain stimulation optimization, neuropsychiatry, speech therapy, population screening, and beyond. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
- MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- chytrý telefon * MeSH
- hlas fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc * patofyziologie komplikace MeSH
- parkinsonské poruchy patofyziologie MeSH
- porucha chování v REM spánku * patofyziologie diagnóza MeSH
- poruchy řeči etiologie MeSH
- prodromální symptomy MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The escalating global prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes presents a major public health challenge. Physical activity plays a critical role in managing (pre)diabetes; however, adherence to physical activity recommendations remains low. The ENERGISED trial was designed to address these challenges by integrating mHealth tools into the routine practice of general practitioners, aiming for a significant, scalable impact in (pre)diabetes patient care through increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour. METHODS: The mHealth intervention for the ENERGISED trial was developed according to the mHealth development and evaluation framework, which includes the active participation of (pre)diabetes patients. This iterative process encompasses four sequential phases: (a) conceptualisation to identify key aspects of the intervention; (b) formative research including two focus groups with (pre)diabetes patients (n = 14) to tailor the intervention to the needs and preferences of the target population; (c) pre-testing using think-aloud patient interviews (n = 7) to optimise the intervention components; and (d) piloting (n = 10) to refine the intervention to its final form. RESULTS: The final intervention comprises six types of text messages, each embodying different behaviour change techniques. Some of the messages, such as those providing interim reviews of the patients' weekly step goal or feedback on their weekly performance, are delivered at fixed times of the week. Others are triggered just in time by specific physical behaviour events as detected by the Fitbit activity tracker: for example, prompts to increase walking pace are triggered after 5 min of continuous walking; and prompts to interrupt sitting following 30 min of uninterrupted sitting. For patients without a smartphone or reliable internet connection, the intervention is adapted to ensure inclusivity. Patients receive on average three to six messages per week for 12 months. During the first six months, the text messaging is supplemented with monthly phone counselling to enable personalisation of the intervention, assistance with technical issues, and enhancement of adherence. CONCLUSIONS: The participatory development of the ENERGISED mHealth intervention, incorporating just-in-time prompts, has the potential to significantly enhance the capacity of general practitioners for personalised behavioural counselling on physical activity in (pre)diabetes patients, with implications for broader applications in primary care.
Na základě porovnání odpovědí z originálního dotazníku ohledně hlukové zátěže hudebním hlukem prostřednictvím sluchátek a dalšími hlučnými aktivitami u mladých lidí ve věku 16–18 let s výsledky audiometrického vyšetření pomocí prahového tónového audiogramu bylo potvrzeno, na rozdíl od obecně rozšířených informací, že u této věkové skupiny nedochází k postižení sluchu. Tuto skutečnost vysvětlujeme nízkým věkem vyšetřovaných, tedy vysokou odolností sluchového aparátu vůči hluku. Podobné výsledky jsou uváděny i v současné odborné literatuře, která je v této problematice výrazně chudá. V české literatuře nebyly doposud podobné výsledky publikovány vůbec. Pokud byly podle literatury nalezeny iniciální příznaky sluchového postižení, pak výhradně ve vysokofrekvenční audiometrické oblasti. Na otázku, zda jsou naše vyšetřovací metody dostatečně citlivé vzhledem k poškození sluchu hlukem, je jasná odpověď ne. Pokud bychom chtěli zaznamenávat preventivně již počáteční stavy poškození sluchu z hluku, a to i hudebního, konzumovaného prostřednictvím sluchátek, pak musíme vyšetřovat vysokofrekvenční audiometrií.
Based on the comparison of the answers from the original questionnaire regarding the noise burden of music noise through headphones and other noisy activities in young people aged 16–18 years with the results of an audiometric examination using a threshold tone audiogram, it was confirmed, contrary to the generally widespread information, that in this age group, there is no hearing impairment. We explain this fact by the young age of the examinees, i.e. the high resistance of the hearing apparatus to noise. Similar results are also reported in current professional literature, which is significantly poor in this issue. Similar results have not yet been published in the Czech literature. If, according to the literature, initial symptoms of hearing impairment were found, then exclusively in the high-frequency audiometric area. The answer to the question whether “are our investigation methods sensitive enough to noise-induced hearing damage” is a clear NO. If we would like to record preventively the initial states of hearing damage from noise, including music consumed through headphones, then we must investigate with high-frequency audiometry.
- MeSH
- audiometrie * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- hluk * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- hudba MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mobilní telefon přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- poruchy sluchu etiologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sluch MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- volnočasové aktivity MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: This study investigates both offline and online bullying perpetration and victimization in association with problematic internet use (PIU) and problematic smartphone use (PSU), while also considering the related psychosocial difficulties. METHODS: A total of 3939 adolescents (49.4% boys, aged 13-15 years) from a representative sample of schools in Slovakia was obtained from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) project in 2018. Due to the lack of similar complex research and the expected mutual associations among the constructs, we compared exploratory network models that provided separate estimates for boys and girls. RESULTS: The constructs formed similarly clustered networks for both genders, with a few notable differences. Unlike PIU, PSU was not associated with bullying experiences in boys or girls; however, PSU and PIU were partially related in girls. Bullying experiences formed a strong cluster in both networks. Two strong bridges were identified, and they are potential candidates for intervention in both boys and girls: first, traditional bullying victimization connected the cluster of bullying experiences to psychosocial difficulties; and, second, frequently missing sleep or meals due to internet use (behavioral salience) that is connected to the bullying cluster with PIU. CONCLUSIONS: The findings offer an indication for the preventive and interventive work of practitioners who deal with adolescents, as well as complex gender comparisons for the mutual relations of problematic internet and smartphone use, bullying experiences, and the psychosocial difficulties of youth. This study provides evidence that problematic digital media can play a role in bullying experiences irrespective of whether bullying happens offline or online.
- MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- internet MeSH
- kyberšikana * prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- oběti zločinu * psychologie MeSH
- šikana * psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Point-of-care and bedside tests are analytical devices suitable for a growing role in the current healthcare system and provide the opportunity to achieve an exact diagnosis by an untrained person and in various conditions and sites where it is necessary. Using a digital camera integrated into a well-accessible device like a smartphone brings a new way in which a colorimetric point-of-care diagnostic test can provide unbiased data. This review summarizes basic facts about the colorimetric point-of-care tests, principles of how to use a portable device with a camera in the assay, applications of digital cameras for the current tests, and new devices described in the recent papers. An overview of the recent literature and a discussion of recent developments and future trends are provided.
- MeSH
- chytrý telefon * MeSH
- kolorimetrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- point of care testing * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
