• MeSH
• fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
• ionty MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• laktoglobuliny biosyntéza   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• vápník MeSH

• MeSH
• laktáty analýza   krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• spirometrie MeSH
• tělovýchovné lékařství MeSH
• teplota kůže MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Introduction: Thermoregulation is a complex process in the human body with the ability to maintain a constant optimal body temperature. Biochemical processes of the organism, as well as metabolic processes, are closely correlated with body temperature. Human temperature is determined by several laws, in particular metabolic production and heat flow between the organism and the environment. For the proper functioning of the organs in the human body, it is essential to maintain a constant optimum body temperature. This can be disturbed by inadequate internal and external factors and thermal discomfort can affect the patient's overall outcome. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the development of body temperature in critically ill patients in the emergency department and its effect on overall patient outcome. Design: Quasi-experiment. Methods: Direct observation was performed, including measurement and analysis of body temperature in patients with serious condition in emergency admission. Data were collected in the emergency department of a teaching hospital with a trauma center status between March and December 2021. Statistical tests were evaluated at the level of statistical significance α=0.05. Results: The study population consisted of 274 (100%) patients. Most negative readings were recorded at the time of patient admission. During the course of treatment, there was a gradual adjustment of body temperature to the physiological limit. The resulting body temperature values were within the desired or expected parameters. In terms of a more detailed description, the most significant values were identified in patients with cardiac problems. Conclusions: Knowing the direction of body temperature skew can be considered beneficial. Early correction of pathological values can have a major effect on the overall outcome of the patient.

• MeSH
• kritický stav MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pozorovací studie jako téma MeSH
• tělesná teplota * MeSH
• termoregulace * MeSH
• změny tělesné teploty MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

The maternal manipulation hypothesis states that ectothermic females modify thermal conditions during embryonic development to benefit their offspring (anticipatory maternal effect). However, the recent theory suggests that the ultimate currency of an adaptive maternal effect is female fitness that can be maximized also by decreasing mean fitness of individual offspring. We evaluated benefits of temperature oviposition preferences in Alpine newts (Ichthyosaura [formerly Triturus] alpestris) by comparing the thermal sensitivity of maternal and offspring traits across a range of preferred oviposition temperatures (12, 17, and 22°C) and by manipulating the egg-predation risk during oviposition in a laboratory thermal gradient (12-22°C). All traits showed varying responses to oviposition temperatures. Embryonic developmental rates increased with oviposition temperature, whereas hatchling size and swimming capacity showed the opposite pattern. Maternal oviposition and egg-predation rates were highest at the intermediate temperature. In the thermal gradient, females oviposited at the same temperature despite the presence of caged egg-predators, water beetles (Agabus bipustulatus). We conclude that female newts prefer a particular temperature for egg-deposition to maximize their oviposition performance rather than offspring fitness. The evolution of advanced reproductive modes, such as prolonged egg-retention and viviparity, may require, among others, the transition from selfish temperature preferences for ovipositon to the anticipatory maternal effect.

• MeSH
• kladení vajíček fyziologie   MeSH
• matky MeSH
• rozmnožování MeSH
• Salamandridae fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná teplota fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Úvod: Podmínky skladování erytrocytových transfuzních přípravků jsou stanoveny obecně závaznými právními předpisy. V případě jejich nedodržení rozhodne o případném použití přípravků kvalifikovaná osoba výrobce, proto vypracovala Společnost pro transfuzní lékařství (STL) Doporučení č. 2015/11 s definovaným zkrácením použitelnosti transfuzních přípravků podle závažnosti nedodržení. Cílem práce bylo ověřit vliv nestandardních podmínek skladování na erytrocytové transfuzní přípravky a potvrdit, zda jsou stanovené teplotní intervaly a délka jejich trvání vhodně zvolené. Soubor a metodika: Vliv nestandardních podmínek skladování na kvalitu erytrocytových transfuzních přípravků byl ověřován teplotním zátěžovým testem, velikost zátěže odpovídala mezím stanoveným v Doporučení STL. Do studie bylo zařazeno 40 transfuzních jednotek erytrocytů bez buffy-coatu resuspendovaných (EBR). V den 22–26 byly transfuzní přípravky vystavené kontrolované teplotní zátěži – skupina A: 11 jednotek, 15 °C, 6 hodin, skupina B: 9 jednotek, 13 °C, 6 hodin a skupina C: 20 jednotek, 13 °C, 48 hodin. Ve dnech 1, 22–26, 28, 35 a 42 bylo provedeno měření markerů hemolýzy: volný hemoglobin (vHb), K+, laktát dehydrogenáza (LDH) a annexin V. V kontrolním souboru (20 jednotek EBR) byl stanoven pouze vHb v den 42. Výsledky: Hladina volného hemoglobinu na konci doby skladování (den 42) nepřesáhla 0,8 % erytrocytové masy u všech jednotek – průměrně 0,34 % (A), 0,26 % (B), 0,26 % (C) a v kontrolním souboru 0,26 %. U jednotek vystavených teplotní zátěži nebyl mezi skupinami A, B a C statisticky signifikantní rozdíl v markerech vHb a annexinu V. Skupiny B a C se statisticky nelišily v hodnotě vHb, K+, LDH a annexinu V. Ve skupině A byla signifikantně vyšší hladina K+ oproti skupinám B a C. Závěr: Teplotní limity stanovené STL jsou bezpečné. Teplotní zátěž 13 °C a 15 °C při skladování má na jejich jakost jen mírný vliv, hemolýza byla po teplotní zátěži v bezpečném rozmezí. Stupeň hemolýzy měřený vHb se mezi skupinami nelišil, hladinu K+ ovlivnila více teplota zátěže než její délka.

Background: Storage conditions of red cell transfusion components are set out by generally binding legal regulations. If these are not observed, the producer ́s qualified person decides regarding their further use. The Society for Transfusion Medicine (STL) thus drew up Guideline No. 2015/11 defining the shortening of transfusion component usability according to the severity of non-observance. The aim of this work was to verify the impact of non-standard storage conditions on red cell transfusion components and to confirm whether the limits and their duration have been chosen appropriately.Materials and methods: The impact of non-standard storage conditions on the quality of red cell transfusion components was verified using a temperature load test. The intensity of the load corresponded to the limits given in the STL guidelines. 40 transfusion units of Red Cells, Buffy Coat Removed in Additive Solution (BCR-AS) were included. On day 22–26, the transfusion components were exposed to the controlled temperature load – group A: 11 units, 15 °C, 6 hours, group B: 9 units, 13 °C, 6 hours and group C: 20 units, 13 °C, 48 hours. Haemolysis markers were measured on days 1, 22–26, 28, 35 and 42: free haemoglobin, K+, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and annexin V. In the control group (20 units of Red Cells, BCR-AS), free haemoglobin was determined on day 42.Results: The level of free haemoglobin at the end of the storage period (day 42) did not exceed 0.8% of red cell mass in all units – on average 0.34% (A), 0.26% (B) 0.26% (C) and 0.26% in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in the markers free haemoglobin and annexin V among the transfusion components A, B and C exposed to the temperature load. Groups B and C did not differ in the level of free haemoglobin, K+, LDH and annexin V. The level of K+ was statistically higher in group A compared to groups B and C.Conclusion: The temperature limits given by STL are safe. The temperature load of 13 °C and 15 °C during storage only mildly affects quality and haemolysis after a temperature load was within safe limits. The degree of haemolysis measured using free haemoglobin did not differ among the groups. The level of K+ was influenced more by the temperature of the load than by its duration.

• MeSH
• erytrocyty * MeSH
• hemolýza MeSH
• konzervace krve * normy   MeSH
• krevní banky normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odběr vzorku krve MeSH
• teplota * MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The cutaneous silent period (CSP) is a spinal inhibitory reflex mediated by small-diameter afferents (A-delta fibers) and large-diameter efferents (alpha motoneurons). The effect of limb temperature on CSPs has so far not been assessed. METHODS: In 27 healthy volunteers (11 males; age 22-58 years) we recorded median nerve motor and sensory action potentials, median nerve F-wave and CSPs induced by noxious digit II stimulation in thenar muscles in a baseline condition at room temperature, and after randomly submersing the forearm in 42 °C warm or 15 °C cold water for 20 min each. RESULTS: In cold limbs, distal and proximal motor and sensory latencies as well as F-wave latencies were prolonged. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities were reduced. Compound motor and sensory nerve action potential amplitudes did not differ significantly from baseline. CSP onset and end latencies were more delayed than distal and proximal median nerve motor and sensory latencies, whereas CSP duration was not affected. In warm limbs, opposite but smaller changes were seen in nerve conduction studies and CSPs. CONCLUSION: The observed CSP shift "en bloc" towards longer latencies without affecting CSP duration during limb cooling concurs with slower conduction velocity in both afferent and efferent fibers. Disparate conduction slowing in afferents and efferents, however, suggests that nociceptive EMG suppression is mediated by fibers of different size in the afferent than in the efferent arm, indirectly supporting the contribution of A-delta fibers as the main afferent input. SIGNIFICANCE: Limb temperature should be taken into account when testing CSPs in the clinical setting, as different limb temperatures affect CSP latencies more than large-diameter fiber conduction function.

• MeSH
• akční potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• končetiny fyziologie   MeSH
• kůže inervace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motorické neurony fyziologie   MeSH
• nervová vlákna myelinizovaná fyziologie   MeSH
• nervové receptory fyziologie   MeSH
• nervové vedení fyziologie   MeSH
• nervus medianus fyziologie   MeSH
• reflex fyziologie   MeSH
• senzorické prahy fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná teplota fyziologie   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• anemie MeSH
• erytrocyty MeSH
• hematologie MeSH
• hemoragické poruchy MeSH
• koagulační faktory MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• trombocytopenie MeSH
• trombocyty MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• hematologie a transfuzní lékařství
• NLK Publikační typ
• brožury

We aimed to investigate in detail the structural mutations after influence of actellic insecticide at different doses and different temperature conditions. We tested effects of single introduction of different doses of actellic: 48, 96, 192, and 384 mg/kg. Cytogenetic effect of actellic in bone marrow cells at different temperature regimens was studied. Following actellic administration, animals were being in two temperature regimes: normal (18-20°C) and high (37-38°C). After treatment with actellic, animals were kept within 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours at high temperature (37-38°C), i.e. in a thermostat (TV-80) with access of air. In experiments, the animals were divided into seven groups. The animals of the 1st group were administered actellic at a dose 384 mg/kg and kept under normal temperature until slaughtering. The animals of the 2nd group after administration of actellic were immediately placed in an environment with a temperature of 37-38°C. Animals of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th groups after treatment with actellic were transferred to conditions with high temperature, respectively, for 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. The 7th group of mice was under normal temperature conditions without treatment with actellic. Our results have shown that in normal temperature conditions single exposure of actellic (384 mg/kg) did not affect the genetic apparatus of somatic cell, evidenced by the frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells that were within the control levels. However, at high temperatures (37-38°C) the pesticide caused 6-fold larger number of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells, in comparison with normal conditions.

• Klíčová slova
• Actellic,
• MeSH
• buňky kostní dřeně patologie   účinky léků   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• chromozomální aberace * chemicky indukované   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• cytogenetické vyšetření statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• insekticidy * krev   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• organofosforové sloučeniny krev   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• vysoká teplota MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• teplota kůže MeSH
• termoregulace MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• podnebí MeSH
• termoregulace MeSH
• vysoká teplota MeSH